arbitrariness vs iconicity.ppt

1、Hello, Everyone!,introduction,Arbitrariness vs iconicity Plato vs Aristotle,I. Question for discussion,Do you think onomatopoeia indicates a non-arbitrary relationship between a form and meaning?,My opinion,Both theories can exist in the same unity, it just depends on the point of view that you take

2、. They are complementary to each other,III. Definition of arbitrariness,Arbitrariness means the absence of any physical correspondence between linguistic signals and the entities to which they refer. Absolute arbitrariness principle Relative arbitrariness principle,Definition of iconicity,It refers

3、to a natural resemblance or analogy between the form of a sign and the object or concept it refers to in the world or rather in our perception of the world. Phonological level Morphological level Syntactic level,Pierces Model of Sign,2.标记符（indexes）：与指称对象之间呈某种因果的或时空的连接关系或标记关系，如路标、箭头、指针等 。语言中的专有名词、指示代

4、词等也属此类 。 3.代码符（symbols）：与指称对象之间的关系完全是约定俗成的，它通过某种法规指称其对象。这种法规通常是一般观念的联想，致使该抽象符号被解释为指称那个对象。自然语言与指称对象之间不存在什么内在的联系，属于代码符。 It must not be taken to imply that a signal depends on the free choice of the speaker. The term implies simply that the signal is unmotivated: that is to say arbitrary in relation to

5、 its signification, with which it has no natural connection in reality. (ibid.: 68-69),解释项,代表项,对象,1.象似符（icons）：通过写实或模仿来表真其对象，如照片，地图、线路图。语言中的拟声词、象形文字也属此类。,Arbitrariness Vs. Iconicity: A Dialectical View,They are not completely contradictory The sign discussed by iconicity supporters is not the same o

6、f arbitrariness supporters What is meant by Saussure is linguistic sign Iconicity supporters sign has the property of “meta-sign”,Arbitrariness Vs. Iconicity: A Dialectical View,Different philosophical background Arbitrariness: objectivity and rationality iconicity：embodied philosophy,Arbitrariness Vs. Iconicity: A Dialectical