定语从句合成句子.ppt

1、ttributive lause,定语从句,学习为己用，何乐而不为?,今日播下辛苦的种子，来日收下美好的回忆。,勤学如春起之苗,不见其增日有所长,ttributive lause,定语从句,句子分类,句子根据结构分类,简单句（五中简单基本句型）,并列句 (简单句+并列连词+简单句),复合句,形容词性从句（定语从句）,副词性从句（状语从句）,名词性从句,主语从句,表语从句,宾语从句,同位语从句,1.何为定语从句？,教学目标,2.定语从句常用关系词？,3.定语从句的构成？,4.先行词和关系词的关系?,5.定语从句的翻译？,the red apple the green apple,The appl

2、e which is red is mine.,The apple which is green is yours.,1.何为定语从句？,定语从句,先行词,关系词,定语,1.何为定语从句？,如果一个句子担任定语，这个句子就叫定语从句。 定语从句又叫形容词性从句。 被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 定语从句常放在先行词的后面 。,2.定语从句常用关系词？,I like the story which/that is moving,_,主句,_,从句,3.定语从句的构成（1）,简单句+简单句 主从复合句,I like the story. The story is movi

3、ng.,先行词,关系词做主语,I like the book .,_,主句,_,从句,3.定语从句的构成（2）,简单句+简单句 主从复合句,I like the book. You gave me the book.,先行词,which/that,you give me,关系词做宾语,This is the boy whose sister is a singer.,_,主句,_,从句,3.定语从句的构成（3）,简单句+简单句 主从复合句,His,先行词,关系词做定语,the boy,This is . sister is a singer.,4.先行词和关系词的关系?,I like the

4、story which/that is moving.,I like the book which/that you gave me.,关系代词实际上是先行词的复指,This is the boy whose sister is a singer.,关系代词whose实际上是先行词的所有格,I know the boy. He can speak English well.,I know the boy who can speak English well. that,(2) This is the boy. I love him.,This is the boy who I love. wh

5、om that ,5.合成句子练习,(3) A plane is a machine. It can fly.,A plane is a machine that can fly. which,(4) The dress is new. She is wearing it.,The dress that she is wearing is new . which ,5.合成句子,(5) I have a friend. His father is a teacher.,I have a friend whose father is a teacher.,5.合成句子练习,关系词何时可以省略？,

6、作宾语时可以省略。 但介词提前时不能省略。,5.合成句子练习,1. I know the boy. He can speak English well. 2. Mary bought a bird. It was very pretty. 3. Summer is the season. It comes after spring. 4. I have a friend. His father is a teacher.,I know the boy who/that can speak English well.,Mary bought a bird which/that was very

7、pretty.,Summer is the season which/that comes after spring.,I have a friend whose father is a teacher.,5.合成句子练习,5. This is the house. Its wall is white. 6. The man was American. I spoke to him yesterday. 7. I cant find the house. My friend lives in it. 8. I know the boy. You are looking for him.,Thi

8、s is the house whose wall is white.,The man was American who/whom/that/ I spoke to yesterday.,I cant find the house which/that/ My friend lives in .,I know the boy who/whom/ that/ are looking for .,6.定语从句的翻译,1. I know the boy. He can speak English well. 我知道那个英语说得好的男孩 2. Mary bought a bird. It was ve

9、ry pretty. Mary 买了一只非常漂亮的小鸟。,I know the boy who/that can speak English well.,Mary bought a bird which/that was very pretty.,6.定语从句的翻译,3. Summer is the season. It comes after spring. 4. I have a friend. His father is a teacher.,Summer is the season which/that comes after spring.,I have a friend whose

10、 father is a teacher.,我有一个他的爸爸是老师的朋友,夏季就是来自春季之后的季节.,英语书写中，定语从句放在先行词之后； 译成汉语时，定语从句放在先行词之前。,6.定语从句的翻译练习,1.I like the story which/that is moving. 2.I like the book which/that you gave me. 3.This is the boy whose sister is a singer. 4.I have a friend whose father is a teacher.,我喜欢那个感人的故事,我喜欢你给我的那本书。,这就是

11、他的姐姐是一个歌唱家的那个男孩。,我有一个他的父亲是一个老师的朋友。,Homework,把句子根据结构的分类及定语从句有关的定义抄到课堂笔记上，并能够背诵。 把第二个句子变成第一个句子的定语从句并翻译。, that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。,I am sure she has something (that) you can borrow.,Ive read all the books that are not mine.,This is the first book (that) he has read.,This is t

12、he very book that belongs to him.,(1) 先行词为all, little, much, none, few ,the one, everything, nothing, something, anything, 等不定代词时。,(2)先行词被all, little, much ,every, no, some, any, no,one of等 修饰时。,(3)先行词为数词被序数词或最高级修饰时。,(4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。, that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况

13、下, 一般用that而不用which。,(5) 先行词是who或who引导的主句。 Who is the girl that drove the car? Who that broke the window will be punished. (6) 主句以There be 引导时 There are 200 people that didnt know the thing. (7) 当先行词在定语从句中作be表语 ，或关系词在从句中做标语时，关系代词用that. She isnt the girl that she was 10 years ago. (8)当先行词是which或which引

14、导的主句时 . Which is the book that you bought last week? (9)当先行词既有人又有物时，关系代词用that. We talked about the men and the things that we remembered at school., that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换, 但在下列情况下, 一般用which而不用that。,(1) 介词之后 Those are many trees under which they can have a rest. (2) 在非限制性定语从句中 Football , which is

15、a very popular game, is played all over the world.,限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：,My sister, who is twenty, works in a bank.,The man who came here yesterday has come again.,限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从 句和主句关系十分密切， 写时不用逗号分开。,非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，只是对先 行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。 这种从句， 写时往往逗号分开。,复习定语从句中的