2019届江苏高考英语专题讲解1完形填空

1、2019届江苏高考英语专题讲解1完形填空一、完型填空题的命题特点 完型填空题是一种综合性比较强的测试题，它把单项填空和阅读理解等题型融为一体，它不仅考查学生对词汇、词组、语法、句型和常识逻辑等语言基础知识的掌握情况和正确使用语法知识的能力，而且也考查学生的理解能力、推理能力、以及情景语感等方面综合理解和运用语言的能力。完型填空题通常有两种题型：一种是选择填空题，即四选一；另一种是短文填空题。其中，以第一种较为普遍。二、完型填空的命题趋势 1、体裁、题材多样，考察学生涉猎各种信息的能力 体裁有记叙文、说明文等；题材涉及到趣味故事、幽默小品、科普知识、日常生活、人物小记、社会热点话题等等。短文一般

2、文章短小，情节连贯，层次分明，线索清楚。目的是考查学生是否有阅读各种体裁、题材文章的能力以及获取各种新息的能力。 2、侧重整体理解、考查学生快速阅读理解能力。 解完型填空题需要学生具备视读、跳读、查读、猜词等各种快速阅读技巧。因为解题时间有限，在短短的时间内，要完成全文和选项的阅读，还要进行正确判断、推理、核查等工作。可见阅读速度非常重要。 3、侧重基础知识，考查学生语言知识的能力。完型填空以文入手，结合文章的内容考查学生的基础知识，主要是词语搭配、近义词辨 异、辨析句子结构、掌握语法规则的能力。 4、上下文对照，考查学生捕捉关键词的能力。 解完型填空题时，单独看一句话是找不到正确答案的，需要

3、阅读下句或者若干句才能明白。所谓上下对照，即在上文和下文中找到与正确答案相同的关键词。因此，在做题时要边读边在大脑中储存上下文信息的能力，捕捉关键词。 5、设置语境，考查学生的分析推理能力。旨在考查学生在选项都符合语法及句子结构的情况下能否利用前后语境去推断出正确答案。 6、结合生活，考查学生利用常识题的能力。目的考查学生的生活常识，看看学生是否善于观察生活，积累生活常识，能否利用常识去做恰当的选择。 7、关注连词，考查学生对行文逻辑、句子关联的理解能力。此项用来考查学生在缺少连词的情况想，通过阅读能否理解句子的与句子的关系，是否了解行文逻辑的要求，能否掌握表示因果、转折、并列、条件、让步等的

4、连词的用法。三、完型填空题的解题步骤： 1、通读全文，了解大意 越过空挡，通读全文，理顺题意，找出信息词，建立语言的整体感。这是做好完型 填空题的关键。因为完型填空题的特点是着眼于整体理解。 2、细读首尾，推测意图 文章的首句是全文的“窗口”，尾句是文章的总结、结论或点睛之笔。这样，通过阅 读首句和尾句，就可以了解背景知识，对于空格位置的词语进行大胆分析和判断，以便揣测作者的意图，理顺思路，为后面的答题做好铺垫。 3、综合考虑，瞻前顾后 在通读全文的基础上，根据全文大意，展开逻辑思维，瞻前顾后，分析这一空格处在 句中的地位，前后的关系和它所起的作用，认真观察选项，仔细推敲，确定最佳答案。4、复

5、读全文，验证答案 做完题目以后，要立足整体，再次通读全文，从语法入手，检查一下句子的时态、语法、主谓一致、代词的性、数、格以及词语的搭配等是否正确。若有疑问，必须根据文章的中心思想，从意义、语法的角度来仔细权衡，加以改正，弥补疏漏。四、题训与解析：【题目1】请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。How many licks (舔) does it take to get to the center of a Tootsie Pop (棒棒糖)?The first time I heard this in the Tootsie Pop commercia

6、l, I was five years old. I immediately started _1_ and counting. After about two hundred licks or so, I stopped. The _2_ of the chewy center had proven to be too great, and I _3_ my way through the hard shell (外壳) to the very center. Besides, I _4_ knew how many licks it took to get to the centerthr

7、ee. Thats how many licks it took the owl (猫头鹰) in the commercial to get to the center, so that, to me, was the _5_ answer.In high school, I held to the Tootsie Pop _6_ . To me, the answer was still always three licks.In my freshman year, I joined the Model United Nations _7_ in my school. The Chair

8、position had _8_ the center of the Tootsie Pop and my _9_ had become various other students. The first so-called “owl” was Eric who had luckily _10_ the prestigious (声望高的) Chair position. So, I decided, _11_ Eric reached the center in only one lick, thats how many licks it should take me. I went to

9、the tryouts with a view to obtaining the position but _12_ .At the end of my sophomore (高二) year, a new owl named Iris had _13_achieved the chair position after trying twice. I began working hard again. But then again, I did not make a _14_ of it.Now, slightly frustrated after _15_ two owls, I found

10、 a new owl, Evan. It had taken him three licks to get to the “center”. Three was all I could _16_. It was widely known that senior year was the _17_ year to become Chair. I thought about _18_ the program, but on second thoughts, I decided to continue.Eleven years later, I visited the official Tootsi

11、e Pop website to find the real answer to the question that had _19_ me my entire high school life. I finally understood. However many licks it takes to get to the center of the Tootsie Pop depends on however many licks I _20_ to takenot how many the other owls take.1.A. dreaming B. admiring C. licki

12、ng D. chewing2.A. temptation B. appearance C. power D. discovery3.A. fought B. followed C. made D. bit4.A. seldom B. never C. already D. nearly5.A. brief B. right C. random D. temporary6.A. commercial B. plan C. philosophy D. custom7.A. program B. conference C. title D. activity8.A. become B. change

13、d C. determined D. explored9.A. shell B. hope C. owl D. companion10.A. noticed B. shifted C. improved D. landed11.A. unless B. if C. before D. until12.A. failed B. quitted C. survived D. struggled13.A. yet B. even C. still D. also14.A. promise B. success C. point D. joke15.A. interacting with B. fri

14、ghtening away C. going through D. dealing with16.A. afford B. hold C. admit D. expect17.A. middle B. gap C. last D. initial18.A. winning B. criticizing C. quitting D. arranging19.A. motivated B. troubled C. attracted D. instructed20.A. learn B. agree C. refuse D. choose【题目1】答案与解析1.C 2.A 3.D 4.C 5.B6

15、.C 7.A 8.A 9.C 10.D11.B 12.A 13.D 14.B 15.C16.A 17.C 18.C 19.B 20.D【解析】试题分析：你要舔多少下才能到棒棒糖的中间，我一直认为广告里的猫头鹰舔三下是正确答案，而生活告诉我们用多少下吃到中间得看人们想用多少下，而不是他人。1】C 考查动词和对语境的理解。A. dreaming梦想；B. admiring欣赏；C. licking 舔；D. chewing嚼。根据题目可知这里选C，意思是舔棒棒糖。2.】A考查名词和对语境的理解。A. temptation 引诱；B. appearance 外表；C. power力量；D. disc

16、overy发现。舔到中间的诱惑力证明很强大。因为前面提到大约舔了200下左右。故选A。3.】D考查动词和对语境的理解。A. fought 斗争；B. followed跟随；C. made使得；D. bit咬。这里还在说从外面一直舔到最中间。bit和 licked意思接近，故选D。4.】C考查副词和对语境的理解。A. seldom很少；B. never 从不；C. already已经；D. nearly几乎。而且我已经知道需要多少下就可以到中心。故选C。5.】B考查形容词和对语境的理解。A. brief简洁的；B. right 正确的；C. random 任意的；D. temporary暂时的。

17、在广告片中猫头鹰舔了三下就到中间了，我也是这样。根据下文的To me, the answer was still always three licks.可知，选B。6.】C 考查名词和对语境的理解。A. commercial 商业广告；B. plan 计划；C. philosophy哲学；D. custom习惯。吃棒棒糖的哲理我一直坚信。故选C。7.】A 考查名词和对语境的理解。A. program 项目计划；B. conference 会议；C. title 题目；D. activity活动。在第一年我加入了我们学校的模拟联合国的项目，下文的I thought about the progr

18、am, 提示，故选A。8.】A 考查动词和对语境的理解。A. become 成为；B. changed 改变；C. determined 决心；D. explored探索。主席的位置成为了棒棒糖的中心。故选A。9.】C 考查名词和对语境的理解。A. shell 贝壳；B. hope 希望；C. owl 猫头鹰；D. companion同伴。根据下文的The first so-called “owl” was Eric可知，这里选C。10.】D 考查动词和对语境的理解。A. noticed注意到；B. shifted移动；C. improved改善；D. landed登陆；Eric很幸运登上了主

19、席的位置。故选D。11.】B 考查连词和对语境的理解。A. unless除非；B. if 如果；C. before之前；D. until直到才，如果他一下就当了主席，我也能。故选B。12.】A 考查动词和对语境的理解。A. failed 失败；B. quitted停止；C. survived幸存；D. struggled挣扎。我去参加选拔赛认为能获得这个职位但是失败了，下文有第二次。故选A。13.】D 考查副词和对语境的理解。A. yet 但是；B. even 甚至；C. still 仍然；D. also也。第二年一个叫Iris的也在试了两次后也获得了主席的位置，故选D。14.】B 考查名词和

20、对语境的理解。A. promise 诺言；B. success 成功；C. point要点，得分；D. joke玩笑。我努力但是没有成功。故选B。15.】C 考查动词和对语境的理解。A. interacting with 相互作用；B. frightening away吓走；C. going through经历；D. dealing with处理。经历了前两次的事情有些受挫，我找到一个新的榜样Evan。故选C。16.】A 考查动词和对语境的理解。A. afford 担负得起；B. hold 容纳；C. admit允许；D. expect期待。我心里能承受得到次数是三次，故选A。17.】C 考查

21、形容词和对语境的理解。A. middle 中间；B. gap差距；C. last最后的；D. initial最初的。三年级是最后一年成为主席的一年，故选C。18.】C 考查动词和对语境的理解。A. winning赢得；B. criticizing 批评；C. quitting 停止；D. arranging安排。我想过停止这个计划，但是再三考虑后决定继续。故选C。19.】B 考查动词和对语境的理解。A. motivated 激发；B. troubled困扰；C. attracted进攻；D. instructed指示。我想知道困扰我三年的问题的答案，故选B。20.】D 考查动词和对语境的理解。

22、A. learn 学习；B. agree 同意；C. refuse拒绝；D. choose选择。我选择用多少次吃完棒棒糖，而不是别的人用的次数。故选D。考点：考查故事类短文的阅读。【题目2】请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Third Culture KidsAs more cities and companies become increasing international, there is a growing number of children that are creating their own sub-cult

23、ure. Often _1_ to as TCKs (Third Culture Kids) or Global Nomads, these students have a(n) _2_ impact on the global community.So who are these Third Culture Kids? They are not a new phenomenon. As one looks _3_ history, there is a realization that certain groups of people have led highly _4_ lives, a

24、 key _5_in describing TCKs. They often _6_ their parents into another country and spend a significant part of his or her development years outside the parents culture. They are _7_ to new cultures and to other people in the community who _8_ move constantly. Their numbers _9_ into the hundreds of th

25、ousands and are increasing. Ease of _10_ and constant relocation of people through multinational companies and global business links contribute to this _11_ .The question “Who am I?” is frequently asked by TCKs. They have_12_ a host of cultural identities, and have built relationships to all the cul

26、tures, _13_ not having full ownership of any. Although elements from each culture are absorbed into TCKs life experience, the sense of _14_ is in relationship to others of a similar background.As you enter into the world of TCKs, one might suspect they are no _15_ . But it is _16_, after spending on

27、ly a short time with them, that they bring a deep knowledge from inside and a special ability to compare _17_ and local issues. They represent many countries and cultures. They are the future cross-culturalists and _18_ future politicians, diplomats, government employees and educators.They certainly

28、 experience a different lifestyle compared to their mono-cultural peers but we can benefit from their global and _19_ lives. So, whatever one chooses to label the international students as -TCKs, Global Nomads, or Global Souls -we will gain unbelievable _20_.1.A. submitted B. appealed C. subscribed

29、D. referred2.A. tremendous B. temporary C. immediate D. initial3.A. down on B. forward to C. up to D. back on4.A. adventurous B. mobile C. civilized D. primitive5.A. factor B. reason C. cause D. figure6.A. accompany B. divide C. drive D. invite7.A. connected B. exposed C. addicted D. committed8.A. f

30、requently B. also C. rarely D. altogether9.A. extend B. burst C. break D. change10.A. communication B. travel C. interaction D. export11.A. tradition B. trend C. option D. shift12.A. revealed B. discovered C. accumulated D. accelerated13.A. as B. while C. when D. so14.A. achievement B. belonging C.

31、possessing D. responsibility15.A. exception B. denying C. doubtful D. different16.A. universal B. vital C. clear D. essential17.A. international B. updated C. complicated D. specific18.A. luckily B. hopefully C. necessarily D. generally19.A. professional B. spiritual C. material D. colorful20.A. awa

32、rds B. rewards C. popularity D. Success【题目2】答案与解析1.D 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.A 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.A10.B 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.B 15.D 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.B【解析】试题分析：现代社会中存在的第三文化儿童，他们随着父母亲迁移到世界各地，了解了不同的文化，也受到不同的文化的影响，形成了不同的性格特征和看待事物的方法。1.D考查动词。A. submit to顺从，递交；B. appeal to呼吁，吸引；C. subscribe to订阅；D. refer to提到，指，涉及，(b

33、e)referred toas被称为。随着更多的城市和公司越来越国际化，有一些孩子形成了自己的文化。他们被称之为第三文化儿童，他们对全球社会有巨大的影响。从语境来说D项正确。2.A考查形容词。A. tremendous巨大的；B. temporary暂时的；C. immediate立刻的；D. initial最初的，原始的。根据文章第二段内容可知第三文化儿童子对世界有巨大的影响。故A正确。3.D A. look down on看不起；B. look forward to期待；C. look up to尊敬；D. look back on回顾。当回顾历史的时候，人们意识到有一群人过着动荡的生活。

34、根据横线后面的history说明D项与之搭配。4.B考查形容词。A. adventurous冒险的，喜欢冒险的；B. mobile可移动的，流动性的；C. civilized 文明的；D. primitive原始的。根据第6空所在句说明很多人都随着父母亲搬来搬去，过着动荡的生活。这些人在历史上也是很多的。故选B。5.A考查名词。A. factor因素，元素；B. reason原因；C. cause起因；D. figure数据，身材。动荡的生活是描述第三文化儿童的一个重要元素。因为这些孩子就随着他们的父母亲一直在搬迁故选A。6.A考查动词。A. accompany陪伴；B. divide区分；C

35、. drive驾驶；D. invite邀请。这些孩子陪着他们的父母亲到另外一个国家并在父母的文化之外度过人生的重要的发展阶段。故选A。7.B考查动词。A. be submitted to 服从于，屈从于，被提交于；B. be exposed to接触；C. be addicted to沉溺于；D. be committed to致力于。因为他们随着父母亲到另外一个国家，就接触了另外一种新的文化并接触了另外一些同样一直在搬来搬去的人。故选B。8.B考查连词。根据横线后的move constantly一直在移动。说明这些人和他们一样，所以使用副词also“也”说明两者之间存在相似的情况。A. fr

36、equently往往，动辄，频繁地，屡次地；C. rarely很少地，罕见地；D. altogether总共，全部地，完全地，总而言之。故选B。9.A考查动词。A. extend延伸，扩大；B. burst突然爆发；C. break打断；D. change改变。本句表示这些人的数量一直在扩大，与后半句的are increasing相一致。故选A。10.B考查名词。A. communication交流，通讯；C. interaction互动；D. export传播，输出。根据第8空：这些孩子一直都处于不断的移动之中，所以使用travel与上文一致。故选B。11.B考查名词。A. traditio

37、n 传统；B. trend趋势，倾向；C. option选择；D. burden负担，包袱。根据文章第一句As more cities and companies become increasing international, there is a growing number of children that are creating their own sub-culture.可知越来越多的孩子成为第三文化儿童是一种趋势。故选B。12.C考查动词。A. reveal显露；B. discover发现；C. accumulate积累；D. accelerate加速。这些孩子经常会没有归宿感。

38、所以他们才经常会问：我是谁？他们已经积累了很多的文化身份，他们已经跟很多文化都建立了联系。故选C。13.B考查连词。本句中while引导的短语作状语，表示让步：尽管他们和很多文化都有联系，但他们并没有完全拥有任何一种文化。故选B。14.B考查名词。A. achievement 成就；B. belonging附属品，附件，the sense of belonging归宿感；C. possessing拥有；D. responsibility责任。从上文可知这些孩子一直随着父母亲在迁移，所以孩子们对一种文化没有归宿感。故选B。15.D考查形容词。A. exception例外的，除外的；B. deny

39、ing否认，否定，讳言；C. doubtful 怀疑的；D. different不同的。短语no different没什么不同。当我们刚刚接触这一类孩子的时候，我们也许会认为他们并没有说什么不同。但是当我们和他们相处一段时间以后，我们会发现他们有很大的不同。故选D。16.C考查形容词。A. universal普遍的；B. vital重要的；C. clear清楚的；D. essential必要的。当我们和这些孩子相处一段时间以后，我们会很清楚地发现他们会用国际性的思维思考问题。故选A。17.A考查形容词。A. international国际的；updated更新的；C. complicated复

40、杂的；D. specific详细的，具体的。这些见多识广的孩子会有一种特殊的能力比较国际和当地的事务。本句在说明这一类孩子的不同之处。故选A。18.B考查形容词。A. luckily幸运地；B. hopefully有希望地；C. necessarily必要地；D. generally一般地，通常地。正是因为他们去过很多地方，所以他们的视角很开阔，很有希望成为未来的跨文化的学者，也很有希望成为未来的政治家、外交官、政府雇员、教育家等。故选B。19.A考查形容词。A. professional专业的，职业的；B. spiritual精神的；C. material物质的；D. colorful五颜六

41、色的。这些孩子和其他的同龄人有很大的不同，看待事物的方法和普通的孩子完全不一样，我们也可以从他们全球性的职业的生活中得到好处。故选A。20.A. award奖；B. reward报酬，酬劳；C. popularity流行，受欢迎；D. success成功。无论我们给这些孩子贴上什么样的标签(TCKs, Global Nomads, or Global Souls)，我们都可以获得难以置信的回报。因为这些孩子是我们的财富。故选B。考点：考查科普类短文阅读【名师点睛】一、背景知识：信息，通讯及交通的发达，人们越来越以机遇为选择事业与配偶的先决条件，背井离乡不再悲凉，四海为家的人口日益增长。世界及中

42、国各大城市开始出现一种新型的学校国际学校。同旧时只为使馆人员子女服务的学校不同之处就是，这是一个真正的联合国。这个“国家”的文化被学者DavidPollack命名为第三文化，学校的学童被称为TCK(Third Culture Kids第三文化儿童)。何谓“第三文化”？本人出生地之文化谓之“第一文化”，父母出生生长地之文化谓之“第二文化”，此时此刻生活成长之地之文化则谓“第三文化”。其实第三文化儿童不只限于国际学校的孩子们，看看你的四周，有多少孩子因为父母职业的选择，或是婚姻的选择，而在即不是父母出生地文化，也非自己出生地之文化中长大。如此成长环境对孩子的成长有何影响呢？人都需要归属感，特别是文

43、化归属感。第三文化儿童往往有“两头不到岸”的感觉。他们往往只有在国际学校这种特别环境之中才有真正的归属感。TCK长大后常常成为TCA(Third Culture Adults)，同父母一般，继续四海为家。天下大同其实是TCK们的天下！二、科普类的阅读理解一般为介绍科学知识、社会知识的文章。阅读这类短文时，要以文章事实为中心进行思考。本篇文章较为难理解，但是从文章的首句可以得知本文在讲述的内容。具体填空应该具体分析，考生不可根据自己的想法臆断填空中的内容。1.精读第一句它是了解全文大意的基石。完形填空文章的第一句话通常是没有空白的完整句子，而且第一句往往是文章的主题句(Topic Sentenc

44、e)，或是含有主题词的句子，考生可以根据它来把握文章的中心思想，为下面答题奠定基础。这里，首先我们要知道英文的主题句的特点。一个有效的主题句应该有以下两个标准：(1)Topic：主题或议题。明确指示段落的内容，起到限定主题范围的作用。(2)Opinion：反映作者对待主题的观点、印象、态度，起到限定段落基调的作用。知道了英文主题句的特点之后，我们在阅读完型填空文章的第一句话时，就不应该只是读懂其字面中文意思，而是要透过首句来预测文章的中心内容，为接下来做题把准方向。比如文中的第一句：As more cities and companies become increasing internati

45、onal, there is a growing number of children that are creating their own sub-culture.弄明白此句很快就知道文章的大概内容了。2.掌握几种逻辑关系词考生在做这类题目是一定要很好地把握上下文逻辑关系，掌握常见的几种表示转折、让步、条件、因果、并列等逻辑关系的词，平时要多下功夫，仔细理解其中的区别。3.准确把握逻辑关系考生在做题过程中需要留意上下文，正确把握上下文之间的逻辑关系。逻辑关系涉及时间、条件、原因、转折等几个方面。正确理解文章的内容并把握逻辑关系有助于考生准确地解答试题。比如第43题：考查连词。句意：在社区同

46、样不断活动的人。故选B。比如第48题：考查连词。句意：他们积累了大量的文化身份，并与所有的文化建立了关系，而不是所有的文化都拥有。故选B。4.仔细体会作者要表达的思想在解题过程中，考生要仔细体会作者所要表达的思想情感，不能按自己的想法去揣测文章中人物的心理活动。也要符合文章的发展路线。5.全文贯通，复查核定做完题目后，要仔细复查核定。全方位,多角度地检查所选答案，看能否使全文连贯畅通,内容清晰,主题突出.对于个别拿不准的答案，应根据语感完成。复查可以采用两种方法：不看已选的答案，再把所有的题目做一遍，然后看看两个答案是否一致，如不一致，再仔细比较鉴别；.把答案代入短文细读一遍，看所选答案是否与

47、短文整体相吻合，再把每个空白处与它相对应的四个答案一一对照。【题目3】Learning a second language fuels childrens intelligence and makes their job prospects brighter. _1_the fact is, in U.S.A, as in many other English speaking countries, speakers of two or more languages are in the 2_ . Eighty-four percent of US people are monolingual

48、 (speakers of only one language). This leaves a small number who _3_ to speak two or more languages.No matter how proud people are of their cultural roots, to speak anything _4_ English is a marker of differencehere. Thats why fourteen-year-old Umar is_5_ when people comment on the fact that he is a

49、ble to speak Arabic.Umars mother points out: In U.S.A, its not _6_ for kids to be bilingual. But, if you speak another language to your children in U.S.A, it is thought that you are not helping them to _7_ society.But in fact, the general _8_ among experts is that learning a second language is good

50、for children. Experts believe that bilinguals people who speak _9_ languages have a clear learning advantage _10_ their monolingual schoolmates. This _11_on how much of each language they can speak, not on which language is used, _12_ they are learning Arabic, French, Chinese or any other language.V

51、inss Millon, a professor of Foreign Language Training, says: A lot of studies have _13_ that children who speak more than one language sometimes learn one language more_14_, but in the end they do as well as their monolingual schoolmates, and often better, in other subjects.The view is that there is

52、 a(n) _15_ from the effort of learning another language. A few other _16_ agree that “Bilinguals tend to use language better as a whole. They also _17_ greater creativity and problem-solving ability, andthey learn further languages more easily”.With all of the benefits, why do we not show more _18_

53、for learning other languages? Parents and teachers _19_in bilingual education say it is pressure from friends at school, general 20_ to other languages in English-speaking countries, and problems in the school system that are to blame.1.A. And B. So C. But D. Thus2.A. minimum B. maximum C. minority

54、D. majority3.A. claim B. pretend C. decide D. plan4.A. more than B. less than C. rather than D. other than5.A. excited B. embarrassed C. disappointed D. appreciated6.A. common B. unusual C. unique D. general7.A. fit in B. build up C. contribute to D. figure out8.A. distinction B. commission C. announcement D. agre