卫生类单选集考试卷模拟_考试题_12

1、姓名：_ 班级：_ 学号：_-密-封 -线- 卫生类单选集考试卷模拟_考试题考试时间：120分钟 考试总分：100分题号一二三四五总分分数遵守考场纪律，维护知识尊严，杜绝违纪行为，确保考试结果公正。1、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。b第一篇/bb? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?diseases ofagricultural plants/b? ?plants, like animals, are subject todiseases of variou

2、s kinds. it has been estimated that some 30,000 differentdiseases attack our economic plants; forty are known to attack com, and about asmany attack wheat. the results of unchecked plant diseases are ail too obviousin countries that have marginal food supplies. the problem will soon be morewidesprea

3、d as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate.even in countries that are now amply fed by thek agricultural products therecould soon be food shortages. it is easy to imagine the consequences of somedisastrous attack on one of the major crops; the resulting famines could killmill

4、ions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millions could causepolitical upheavals disastrous to the order of the world.? ?someplants have relative immunity to great many diseases, while others have asusceptibility to them. the tolerance of a particular plant changes as thegrowing condition

5、s change. a blight may be but a local infection easilycontrolled; on the other hand it can attack particular plants in a whole regionor nation. an example is the blight that killed virtually every chestnut tree innorth america. another is the famous potato blight in ireland in the lastcentury. as a

6、result of that, it was estimated that one million people died ofstarvation and related ailments.? ?plant pathologists have maderemarkable strides in identifying the pathogens of the various diseases.bacteria may include invade a plant through an infestation of insect parasitescarrying the pathogen.

7、a plant can also be inoculated by man. other diseasesmight be caused by fungus which attacks the plant in the form of a mold or smutor rust. frequently such a primary infection will weaken the plant so that asecondary infection may result from its lack of tolerance. the symptoms shownmay cause an er

8、ror in diagnosis, so that treatment may be directed towardbacteria which could be the result of a susceptibility caused by primary virusinfection.how many diseases are known to attack wheat? （ ）a.around 30,000.b.around 140.c.around 29,960.d.around 40.2、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短

9、文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。b第一篇/bb? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?diseases ofagricultural plants/b? ?plants, like animals, are subject todiseases of various kinds. it has been estimated that some 30,000 differentdiseases attack our economic plants; forty are known to attack com, and about asmany attack

10、 wheat. the results of unchecked plant diseases are ail too obviousin countries that have marginal food supplies. the problem will soon be morewidespread as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate.even in countries that are now amply fed by thek agricultural products therecould

11、 soon be food shortages. it is easy to imagine the consequences of somedisastrous attack on one of the major crops; the resulting famines could killmillions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millions could causepolitical upheavals disastrous to the order of the world.? ?someplants have

12、relative immunity to great many diseases, while others have asusceptibility to them. the tolerance of a particular plant changes as thegrowing conditions change. a blight may be but a local infection easilycontrolled; on the other hand it can attack particular plants in a whole regionor nation. an e

13、xample is the blight that killed virtually every chestnut tree innorth america. another is the famous potato blight in ireland in the lastcentury. as a result of that, it was estimated that one million people died ofstarvation and related ailments.? ?plant pathologists have maderemarkable strides in

14、 identifying the pathogens of the various diseases.bacteria may include invade a plant through an infestation of insect parasitescarrying the pathogen. a plant can also be inoculated by man. other diseasesmight be caused by fungus which attacks the plant in the form of a mold or smutor rust. frequen

15、tly such a primary infection will weaken the plant so that asecondary infection may result from its lack of tolerance. the symptoms shownmay cause an error in diagnosis, so that treatment may be directed towardbacteria which could be the result of a susceptibility caused by primary virusinfection.ac

16、cording to this passage, which of the following would a plant disease result in if left unchecked? （ ）a.a world war.b.border conflicts.c.relations of grain and meat.d.social upheavals.3、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。b第一篇/bb? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?dise

17、ases ofagricultural plants/b? ?plants, like animals, are subject todiseases of various kinds. it has been estimated that some 30,000 differentdiseases attack our economic plants; forty are known to attack com, and about asmany attack wheat. the results of unchecked plant diseases are ail too obvious

18、in countries that have marginal food supplies. the problem will soon be morewidespread as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate.even in countries that are now amply fed by thek agricultural products therecould soon be food shortages. it is easy to imagine the consequences of

19、somedisastrous attack on one of the major crops; the resulting famines could killmillions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millions could causepolitical upheavals disastrous to the order of the world.? ?someplants have relative immunity to great many diseases, while others have asuscep

20、tibility to them. the tolerance of a particular plant changes as thegrowing conditions change. a blight may be but a local infection easilycontrolled; on the other hand it can attack particular plants in a whole regionor nation. an example is the blight that killed virtually every chestnut tree inno

21、rth america. another is the famous potato blight in ireland in the lastcentury. as a result of that, it was estimated that one million people died ofstarvation and related ailments.? ?plant pathologists have maderemarkable strides in identifying the pathogens of the various diseases.bacteria may inc

22、lude invade a plant through an infestation of insect parasitescarrying the pathogen. a plant can also be inoculated by man. other diseasesmight be caused by fungus which attacks the plant in the form of a mold or smutor rust. frequently such a primary infection will weaken the plant so that aseconda

23、ry infection may result from its lack of tolerance. the symptoms shownmay cause an error in diagnosis, so that treatment may be directed towardbacteria which could be the result of a susceptibility caused by primary virusinfection.what is the main idea of the second paragraph? （ ）a.some plants have

24、relative immunity to a great many diseases, while others have a susceptibility to them.b.the tolerance of a particular plant changes as the growing conditions change.c.a blight killed virtually every chestnut tree in north america.d.a blight may be a national infection.4、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题

25、后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。b第一篇/bb? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?diseases ofagricultural plants/b? ?plants, like animals, are subject todiseases of various kinds. it has been estimated that some 30,000 differentdiseases attack our economic plants; forty are known to attack com, and

26、about asmany attack wheat. the results of unchecked plant diseases are ail too obviousin countries that have marginal food supplies. the problem will soon be morewidespread as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate.even in countries that are now amply fed by thek agricultural

27、products therecould soon be food shortages. it is easy to imagine the consequences of somedisastrous attack on one of the major crops; the resulting famines could killmillions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millions could causepolitical upheavals disastrous to the order of the world.

28、? ?someplants have relative immunity to great many diseases, while others have asusceptibility to them. the tolerance of a particular plant changes as thegrowing conditions change. a blight may be but a local infection easilycontrolled; on the other hand it can attack particular plants in a whole re

29、gionor nation. an example is the blight that killed virtually every chestnut tree innorth america. another is the famous potato blight in ireland in the lastcentury. as a result of that, it was estimated that one million people died ofstarvation and related ailments.? ?plant pathologists have madere

30、markable strides in identifying the pathogens of the various diseases.bacteria may include invade a plant through an infestation of insect parasitescarrying the pathogen. a plant can also be inoculated by man. other diseasesmight be caused by fungus which attacks the plant in the form of a mold or s

31、mutor rust. frequently such a primary infection will weaken the plant so that asecondary infection may result from its lack of tolerance. the symptoms shownmay cause an error in diagnosis, so that treatment may be directed towardbacteria which could be the result of a susceptibility caused by primar

32、y virusinfection.according to the passage, some plant diseases can be prevented by_. （ ）a.killing parasitesb.inoculationc.killing insectsd.improving growing conditions5、*html*?下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。b第一篇/bb? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?diseases ofagricultur

33、al plants/b? ?plants, like animals, are subject todiseases of various kinds. it has been estimated that some 30,000 differentdiseases attack our economic plants; forty are known to attack com, and about asmany attack wheat. the results of unchecked plant diseases are ail too obviousin countries that

34、 have marginal food supplies. the problem will soon be morewidespread as the population of the world increases at its frightening rate.even in countries that are now amply fed by thek agricultural products therecould soon be food shortages. it is easy to imagine the consequences of somedisastrous at

35、tack on one of the major crops; the resulting famines could killmillions of people, and the resulting hardship on other millions could causepolitical upheavals disastrous to the order of the world.? ?someplants have relative immunity to great many diseases, while others have asusceptibility to them.

36、 the tolerance of a particular plant changes as thegrowing conditions change. a blight may be but a local infection easilycontrolled; on the other hand it can attack particular plants in a whole regionor nation. an example is the blight that killed virtually every chestnut tree innorth america. anot

37、her is the famous potato blight in ireland in the lastcentury. as a result of that, it was estimated that one million people died ofstarvation and related ailments.? ?plant pathologists have maderemarkable strides in identifying the pathogens of the various diseases.bacteria may include invade a pla

38、nt through an infestation of insect parasitescarrying the pathogen. a plant can also be inoculated by man. other diseasesmight be caused by fungus which attacks the plant in the form of a mold or smutor rust. frequently such a primary infection will weaken the plant so that asecondary infection may

39、result from its lack of tolerance. the symptoms shownmay cause an error in diagnosis, so that treatment may be directed towardbacteria which could be the result of a susceptibility caused by primary virusinfection.which of the following statements is not true? （ ）a.some plant diseases may be caused

40、by bacteria.b.some plant diseases may be caused by pathogens.c.some plant diseases may be caused by fungus.d.symptoms are always helpful in identifying diseases.6、*html*b第二篇/bb? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?male and female pilots cause accidentsdifferently/b? ?male pilots flying general aviation (private)aircra

41、ft in the united states are more likely to crash due to inattention orflawed decision-making, while female pilots are more likely to crash frommishandling the aircraft. these are the results of a study by researchers at thejohns hopkins university bloomberg school of public health.? ?thestudy identi

42、fies the differences between male and female pilots in terms ofcircumstances of the crash and the type of pilots error involved. “crashes ofgeneral aviation aircraft account for 85 percent of all aviation deaths in theunited states. the crash rate for male pilots as for motor vehicle drivers,exceeds

43、 that of crashes of female pilots,” explains susan p. baker, mph,professor of health policy and management at the bloomberg school of publichealth. “because pilot youth and inexperience are established contributors toaviation crashes, we focused on only mature pilots, to determine the genderdifferen

44、ces in the masons for the crash.”? ?the researchersextracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging andflight safety. the data were gathered from general aviation crashes of airplanesand helicopters between 1983 and 1997, involving 144 female pilots and 267 malepilots aged

45、40-63. female pilots were matched with male pilots in a 1:2 ratio,by age, classes of medical and pilot certificates, state or area of crash, andyear of crash. then the circumstances of the crashes and the pilot errorinvolved were categorized and coded without knowledge of pilot gender.?the researche

46、rs found that loss of control on landing or takeoff was themost common circumstance for both sexes, leading to 59 percent of female pilotscrashes and 36 percent of males. experiencing mechanical failure, running outof fuel, and landing the plane with the landing gear up were among the factorsmore li

47、kely with males, while stalling was more likely with females.?the majority of the crashes-95 percent for females and 88 percent formales-involved at least one type of pilot error. mishandling aircraft kineticswas the most common error for both sexes, but was more common amongfemales(accounting for 8

48、1 percent of the crashes) than males (accounting for 48percent). males, however, appeared more likely to be guilty of poordecision-making, risk-taking, and inattentiveness, examples of which includemisjudging weather and visibility or flying an aircraft with a known defect.females, though more likel

49、y to mishandle or lose control of the aircraft, weregenerally more careful than their male counterparts.? ?inattentionn.疏忽? ?flawed adj. 有缺陷的? ?mishandle v.瞎弄,乱处理? ?mph(master of public health) 公共卫生硕士? ?stallv. (飞机) 失速, (发动机) 熄火? ?kinetics n.动力学what is the research at johns hopkins university about?

50、 （ ）a.causes of aircraft crash.b.gender difference in relation to types of aircraft crashes.c.causes of mishandling aircraft.d.gender discrimination in general aviation in the united states.7、*html*b第二篇/bb? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?male and female pilots cause accidentsdifferently/b? ?male pilots flying gen

51、eral aviation (private)aircraft in the united states are more likely to crash due to inattention orflawed decision-making, while female pilots are more likely to crash frommishandling the aircraft. these are the results of a study by researchers at thejohns hopkins university bloomberg school of pub

52、lic health.? ?thestudy identifies the differences between male and female pilots in terms ofcircumstances of the crash and the type of pilots error involved. “crashes ofgeneral aviation aircraft account for 85 percent of all aviation deaths in theunited states. the crash rate for male pilots as for

53、motor vehicle drivers,exceeds that of crashes of female pilots,” explains susan p. baker, mph,professor of health policy and management at the bloomberg school of publichealth. “because pilot youth and inexperience are established contributors toaviation crashes, we focused on only mature pilots, to

54、 determine the genderdifferences in the masons for the crash.”? ?the researchersextracted data for this study from a large research project on pilot aging andflight safety. the data were gathered from general aviation crashes of airplanesand helicopters between 1983 and 1997, involving 144 female pi

55、lots and 267 malepilots aged 40-63. female pilots were matched with male pilots in a 1:2 ratio,by age, classes of medical and pilot certificates, state or area of crash, andyear of crash. then the circumstances of the crashes and the pilot errorinvolved were categorized and coded without knowledge o

56、f pilot gender.?the researchers found that loss of control on landing or takeoff was themost common circumstance for both sexes, leading to 59 percent of female pilotscrashes and 36 percent of males. experiencing mechanical failure, running outof fuel, and landing the plane with the landing gear up

57、were among the factorsmore likely with males, while stalling was more likely with females.?the majority of the crashes-95 percent for females and 88 percent formales-involved at least one type of pilot error. mishandling aircraft kineticswas the most common error for both sexes, but was more common amongfemales(accounting for 81 percent of the crashes) than males (accounting for 48percent). males, however, appeared more likely to be guilty of poordecision-making, risk