英语高考英语阅读理解教育文化试题类型及其解题技巧及解析

1、（英语）高考英语阅读理解(教育文化)试题类型及其解题技巧及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解教育文化类 选出最佳选项。四个选项中, 、C和D1阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B Hobbies in general are becoming something of the past. Our lives are already filled with classes, homework, working, relationships and sleeping. When we do have a spare moment, it is all too easy to spend it on the end

2、less entertainment and media that are right at our fingertips. I do not doubt that there are some people who could become a great writer or musician. I only fear that so many people are busy pursuing their education and their careers, but they never even see the potential (潜能) they have. The next gr

3、eat photographer or singer could be going to college right now. But they might not even know they have a gift for photographing or singing if theyve never picked up a camera or a guitar. Of course, the final goal of pursuing a new hobby shouldnt be to become rich and famous. For most people, a hobby

4、 is just something they enjoy doing for the purpose of the thing itself. Such hobbies are still very useful. Studies have shown that people who have a hobby are less likely to have stress and more likely to have more meaningful lives. Most importantly, a hobby is just something you do to make you ha

5、ppy. I hate to break it to you, but we all have a long lifetime of work and stress ahead of us. It will make things much easier if we can practice the piano or make some collections after work. Sure, its not easy to start a new hobby while going to school, but it will likely never get easier than it

6、 is right now. So think about the thing that you have always wanted to try but were too embarrassed or busy or whatever. You never know, you might become the worlds next great people. If not, youll at least be a little more well-rounded, more interesting and less stressed. What does Paragraph 1 main

7、ly show? ）1（ A. All people should learn to relax. B. Todays people have little time for hobbies. C. People in the past took their hobbies seriously. D. Peoples lives have been negatively affected by media. What does the author think of hobbies? ）（2 A. They may take up too much time. B. They can help

8、 us enjoy a better life. C. They sometimes can bring us stress. D. They should make us famous one day. What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean? ）（3 A. We should start a hobby now. B. Starting a new hobby isnt easy. C. Wed better develop a hobby at school. D. Developing a hobby w

9、ill get easier as time goes by. Whats the authors purpose in writing the text? ）（4 A. To introduce some helpful hobbies. B. To encourage us to have a hobby. C. To tell us how to create a happy life. D. To tell us how to find our potential. B）（1【答案】 B）（2 A）（3 B ）（4【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为现在的人没什么时间来培养兴趣爱

10、好，但 有一个兴趣爱好非常重要。 （1）考查段落大意。根据第一段的内容可知，本段主要是讲现在的人太忙，没什么时间 。培养兴趣爱好，故选B （2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Studies have shown that people who have a hobby 牡?敬獳氠歩汥?潴栠癡?瑳敲獳愠摮洠牯?楬敫祬琠?慨敶洠牯?敭湡湩晧汵氠癩獥尮可知，拥有兴趣爱 。好可以让我们的生活变得更好，故选B （3）考查句义猜测。根据划线句子以及So think about the thing that you have always 慷瑮摥琠?牴?畢?敷敲琠潯攠扭牡慲獳摥漠?畢祳漠?桷瑡癥牥尮可知，这

11、里是讲现在就是培养兴 。A趣爱好的最好时机。故选 （4）考查写作意图。根据文章内容可知，本文主要是讲培养兴趣爱好非常重要，我们应 。B该有兴趣爱好，故选 【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，句义猜测，写作意图和段落大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选 出正确答案。 阅读理解2 A story posted by The New York Post Monday tells the tale of Katrina Holte, a Hillsboro woman who quit her job to cosplay a 1950s h

12、ousewife. Let me start by expressing admiration to Holte for using her 2019 freedoms to follow her 1950s dreams. Everyone should be so lucky as to get to decide what they wear and how they spend their time. Thats the future our foremothers fought for. But as much fun as I am sure she is having livin

13、g a vintage (复古的) life, which literally includes watching shows like I Love Lucy and listening to vinyl recordings (刻录碟片), I think its important to remember that being a 1950s housewife was actually totally awful, and something our grandmothers and mothers fought against. For example, once I called

14、my grandma and asked her for her recipe for Cloud Biscuits, these delicious biscuits she used to make that we would cover with butter and homemade raspberry jam on Thanksgiving. Why would you want that? she said. Go to the store. Go to the freezer section. Buy some 牰?慭敤戠獩畣瑩?湡?異?桴浥椠?桴?癯湥尮 She straigh

15、t-up refused to give me the recipe, because it was hard and took a long time to make. In her mind, it was a waste of time. Getting off the phone, it occurred to me that spending every day of your life serving a husband and five children wasnt fun at all. And then there are the grandchildren who even

16、tually come along demanding Cloud Biscuits, a whole new expanded set of people to feed. She was basically a slave to those hungry mouths, cooking scratch meals three times a day. When she wasnt trapped in the kitchen, she had to keep the house clean, make sure she looked good enough to be socially a

17、cceptable, and make sure her kids and husband looked good enough to be socially acceptable. And she had no days off. I know my grandma loves her kids and her grandkids, her husband and the life she led, but man, it must have been a lot of thankless, mindless labor. No wonder everyone went all-in on

18、processed foods when they came around. Imagine the nice break something like a microwave dinner would give a woman working, unpaid, for her family every single day? I also had another grandma. She was a scholar who helped found the Center for the Study of Women in Society at University of Oregon. Sh

19、e was a pioneering second-wave feminist who wrote books, gave lectures and traveled the world. But, she did all of that after divorcing my grandpa, when most of her kids were out of the house. Back then, in the 1950s and the 1960s, there was no illusion about women having it all. How could that even

20、 possibly happen? If you were taking care of a family, waiting on your husband, you had no time to follow your dreams, unless you made that your dream. A lot of women took that approach. We call it Stockholm Syndrome now. And of course, these women I am talking about are upper-middle-class white wom

21、en. Romanticizing the 1950s is especially disgusting when you think about how women of color and poor women were treated back then, and the lack of education and choices available to them. Because the women in this country demanded something approaching equality, Holte has the chance to live out her

22、 fantasy. Not every woman in America is so lucky. We still dont have pay equality and in many states, we still dont have autonomy over our own bodies. Poor women and women of color still lack the opportunities of their wealthy and white peers. And while its getting better, women are still expected t

23、o be responsible for the emotional labor of running a household and raising the children. But at least we can get jobs. At least we dont have to sew our own clothes, wear a full face of makeup every day and spend hours making Cloud Biscuits some ungrateful kid will wolf down, barely remembering to s

24、ay thank you. According to the author, what is the future our foremothers fought for? ）1（ A. Watching shows like I Love Lucy and listening to vinyl recordings. B. Having the freedom to make choices in their daily life. C. Making Cloud Biscuits for their kids and husbands. D. Making sure their kids a

25、nd husbands socially acceptable. What does the underlined word hat in paragraph 13 refer to? ）（2 A. Writing books, giving lectures and traveling the world. B. Divorcing husband when kids were out of house. C. Taking care of a family and waiting on husband. D. Womens illusion about having it all. Wha

26、t does the Stockholm Syndrome in paragraph 14 really mean in the passage? （3） A. Women have been used to the unfair treatment at home B. Women nowadays like the way of life in the 1950s. C. Victims end up sympathizing with the abusers. D. Women have the chance to live out their dreams. The author th

27、inks of the life of a 1950s housewife as _. 4）（ A. fantastic B. admirable C. awful D. unforgettable What can we learn from the passage? 5）（ A. It was a waste of time to give grandchildren the recipe. B. All women are not lucky to follow their own dreams in America now. C. Housewives received recogni

28、tion for their efforts from family members. D. The upper-middle-class white women did a better job in running the household. What is the authors main purpose in writing this passage? 6）（ A. To show great appreciation to her grandmas. B. To call on housewives to claim the pay for the housework they u

29、ndertake. C. To draw readers attention to the situations women face, especially those poor and of color. D. To arouse womens awareness of equal pay at work. B）【答案】 （1 C）（2 A）（3 C）（4 B）（5 C （6）【分析】本文是一篇说明文，作者认为在日常生活中拥有选择的自由是我们的祖【解析】先为之奋斗的未来，同时想让读者注意到女性所面临的处境，尤其是那些贫穷的有色人 种。“Everyone should be so lucky

30、 as to get to decide what ）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的 （1每个人emothers fought for.”they wear and how they spend their time. Thats the future our for都应该很幸运，能够决定自己穿什么，如何度过时间。这就是我们的祖先为之奋斗的未来，可知，作者认为在日常生活中拥有选择的自由是我们的祖先为之奋斗的未来。故选 。B“If you were taking care of a family, waiting on your ）考查代词指代。根据第十三段中的（2 如果你要照”husband,

31、you had no time to follow your dreams, unless you made that your dream.顾一个家庭，服侍你的丈夫，你就没有时间去追求你的梦想，除非你把它当成你的梦想，可知，that指代的其实是前面的内容，也就是taking care of a family, waiting on your 。故选Chusband （3）考查词义猜测。根据第十四段中的“A lot of women took that approach. We call it Stockholm Syndrome now.”很多女性采取了这种方式。我们现在称之为Stockho

32、lm Syndrome，可知，我们现在把1950s很多女性接受了这个方式生活下去的这个现象称作照顾家庭、服侍很多女性的生活方式则是1950s。根据上文可知，SyndromeStockholm 。A丈夫、没有时间去追求自己的梦想，这对女性来讲是不公平的，故选 （4）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“I think its important to remember that being a 1950s housewife was actually totally awful, and something our grandmothers and mothers fought against.”我认为

33、重要的是要记住，作为一个50年代的家庭主妇实际上是非常糟糕的，这是我们的祖母和母亲所反对的。可知，作者认为20世纪50年代家庭主妇的生活很糟糕。故 。选C （5）考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段中的“ Holte has the chance to live out her fantasy. Not every woman in America is so lucky.”霍尔特有机会实现她的梦想。不是每个美国女人都这么 。幸运。可推知，在美国，并不是所有的女性都有机会追逐自己的梦想。故选B （6）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段“We still dont have pay equality and

34、in many states, we still dont have autonomy over our own bodies. Poor women and women of color still lack the opportunities of their wealthy and white peers.”我们仍然没有薪酬平等，在许多州，我们仍然没有对自己身体的自主权。贫困妇女和有色人种妇女仍然缺乏与富裕和白人妇女同等的机会。由可知，作者写这篇文章的主要目的是让读者注意到女性所面临的情况，尤其是那些 。C贫穷和有色人种的情况。故选 【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代，词义猜测和推理

35、判断四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行 分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。 阅读理解3 Mobile phones should be kept from classrooms, the UK minister for schools has said. Nick Gibb said he had concerns about the effect that the phone was having on children, and also said the Government should introduce lessons f

36、or pupils on how to limit their screen time. Mr Gibb said, Schools obviously are free to set their own behaviour policies but my own view is that schools should ban (禁止)mobile telephones and smart phones inside school, and particularly inside classrooms. I believe very strongly that children should

37、be limiting their own use at home. Every hour spent online and on a smart phone is an hour less talking to family, and its an hour less exercise and its an hour less sleep. And of course it is a lack of sleep that research is showing can have a damaging effect on a childs mental health.” The parents

38、 are told that children will be asked to break off at least every two hours and avoid social media before bedtime. The UK would be following in the footsteps of European countries if schools were to introduce a ban. with French pupils being told to leave their smart phones at home when they returned

39、 from their summer holidays last year. At the Festival of Education at Wellington College last summer, Professor Michael from America said that any sensible head would ban mobile phones. Its far too distracting for children having mobile phones. Texting, playing games, all this takes place. Mobile p

40、hones go off in classrooms, disrupting lessons. Ban them. If children want to use a phone in an emergency they can use the 捳潨汯瀠潨敮尮 Whats Nick Gibbs attitude towards using mobile phone in school? ）（1 A.Cautious. B.Supportive. C.Indifferent. D.Disapproving. What is one possible result of spending too

41、much time online according to the text? ）（2 A.An hour less exercise a week. B.More effects on sleep quality. C.Less communication with family. D.An improvement in mental health. Which country has asked students to leave their phones at home? ）（3 A.UK. B.New Zealand. C.USA D.France. What is the main

42、idea of the text? ）（4 A.Mobile Phones cause bad effects on our study. B.Mobile phones should be banned from classrooms. C.Parents should forbid their kids to use mobile phones. D.Students can use mobile phones in case of emergency. D1）【答案】 （ C2）（ D3）（ B 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，在英国，一些孩子带手机进入课堂，这严重影响了 孩子在

43、课堂上的学习效果，因此教育大臣呼吁要禁止手机进入学校。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Mobile phones should be kept from classrooms, the UK minister for schools has said.”可知，英国教育大臣表示，手机应远离教室。因此，Nick 。DGibb不赞成学生在学校使用手机。故选 （2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Every hour spent online and on a smart phone is an hour less talking to family”可知，在网上和在智能手机上花费的每一小时意味着

44、与家人交谈 。减少了一个小时，根据课文内容，上网时间过长可能会导致减少与家人的交流。故选C （3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“The UK would be following in the footsteps of European countries if schools were to introduce a ban with French pupils being told to leave their smart phones at home when they returned from their summer holidays last year.”可知，法国学 。生在去年暑

45、假结束后返校时，被告知将智能手机留在家中。故选D （4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“Mobile phones should be kept from classrooms, the UK minister for schools has said. Nick Gibb said he had concerns about the effect that the phone was having on children, and also said the Government should introduce lessons for pupils on how to limit their

46、 screen time.”可知，英国教育大臣表示，手机应远离教室。手机会给孩子带来不良影响，并说政府应该引进课程来限制学生上网看手机的时间，因此文章的主要内容是 。B。故选”应该禁止学生在教室里使用手机“【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需 要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。 阅读理解4) are turning out to be a real pain: according to a new study in the British Painkillers (止痛药Medical Journal. Ta

47、king them for just a week can increase your risk of heart attack by 50%. The higher with of certain drugs was greatest use research suggested that the risk related to the for 75% risk may increase by month ) and during the first of use. The potential doses (服用量 ) and naproxen, and more than 100% for

48、 rofecoxib.medicines like ibuprofen (布洛芬 a 100% increase means It all sounds bad but, your risk is very low, say, one in a million you still only have a two in a million chance. Of course, all painkilling medication that works can unless has very few 扑热息痛nothing is safe and effective. Paracetamol ()

49、 have side effects taken too much, in which case it can cause serious liver danger, but it isnt very effective. Drugs effects. other bad addicted easy to be and often have opiates like are strong painkillers but Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now. But dont despair; you can refer to a pain

50、clinic for some professional guidance. For ongoing pain, music and exercise may be the best choices to help you reduce the feeling of it. Scientist at Harvard have recently done a quite horrible study on mice. They made the mice the injected legs and applied pressure to their back extremes experienc

51、e of hot and cold, ) into their feet. And then they timed how long it took them to respond to the 辣椒素capsaicin (caffeine as made 兴奋剂) such while Lack of sleep increased the discomfort, stimulants (pain. them less responsive to pain. This has been widely reported that a good nights sleep and a cup of

52、 coffee in the morning may help reduce pain. But anyway dont throw the pills away because the study also shows taking small doses of drugs, such as for short periods of time can be effective and safe as long as your heart is in good condition. Which of the following painkillers has fewest side-effec

53、ts? ）（1 A.Ibuprofen. B.Naproxen. C.Rofecoxib. D.Paracetamol. What does the underlined word “despair” in Paragraph 2 refer to? ）2（ A.Take it seriously. B.Take any risks. C.Lose hope. D.Feel doubtful. The example of mice is used to show that _ ）（3 A.mice can stand extreme pressure B.good sleep and cof

54、fee may decrease pain C.legs and feet are more sensitive to pain D.capsaicin and stimulants can help reduce pain What is the text mainly about? ）（4 A.How to stop taking painkillers. B.A new way of reducing pain. C.The risk of taking painkillers. D.How to avoid painkillersside effects. D）（1【答案】 C）（2

55、B3）（ C 4）（【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，根据英国医学杂志的一项新研究，止痛药正变成一种真正的疼痛。只服用一周就会使心脏病发作的风险增加50%。文章主要说明了止痛药存在的风险，以及说明了其他一些可以有助于减轻疼痛的方法。研究还表明，只要你的 心脏状况良好，服用小剂量的药物仍然是有效和安全的。 （1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“The research suggested that the risk related to the use of certain drugs was greatest with higher doses (服用量) and during the firs

56、t month of use. The potential risk may increase by 75% for medicines like ibuprofen (布洛芬) and naproxen, and more than 100% for rofecoxib.”研究表明，在使用某些药物的第一个月，服用高剂量药物的风险最大。布洛芬和萘普生等药物的潜在风险可能增加75%，罗非昔布增加100%以上；及第二段中的“Paracetamol has very few unless taken too much, in which case it can cause serious liver

57、 danger, but it isnt very effective.”扑热息痛的含量很少，除非服用过量，在这种情况下，它会导致严重的肝危险，但不是很有效，可知，在Ibuprofen，Naproxen，Rofecoxib和 。DParacetamol的副作用最小。故选Paracetamol四种药物之中， （2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“Maybe you find that you are in a dilemma now.”也许你会发现你现在处于一个两难的境地；以及“you can refer to a pain clinic for some professional guidance”你可以向疼痛诊所寻求一些专业指导)可知，虽然也许你会发现你现在处于一个两难的境地，但是不必绝望，你还可以向疼痛诊所寻求一些专业指导。故划线单 。C绝望的”。故选词意思是“ （3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“a good nights sleep and a cup of coffee in the morning may help reduce pain.”晚上睡个好觉