北京大学2004年博士研究生入学考试试题

1、北京大学2004年博士研究生入学考试试题2006-08-16 10:56:00 Part One Listening Comprehension （略）Part Two Structure and Written Expression Directions: In each question decide which of the four choices given will most suitably complete the sentence if inserted at the place marked. Put the letter of your choice on the ANS

2、WER SHEET. (20%)41. The beauty of the reflected images in the limpid pool was the poignant beauty of things that are_, existing only until the sunset.A. equitable B. ephemeral C. euphonious D. evasive42. Brooding and hopelessness are the_of Indians in the prairie reservations most of the time.A. occ

3、upations B. promises C. frustrations D. transactions43. What_about that article in the newspaper was that its writer showed an attitude cool enough, professional enough and, therefore, cruel enough when facing that disaster-stricken family.A. worked me out B. knocked me out C. brought me up D. put m

4、e forward44. _considered the human body aesthetically satisfactory.A. Neither prehistoric cave man nor late-industrial urban manB. Nor prehistoric cave man or late-industrial urban manC. No prehistoric cave man nor late-industrial urban manD. Neither prehistoric cave man or late-industrial urban man

5、45. Not until the 1980s_in Beijing start to find ways to preserve historic buildings from destruction.A. some concerned citizensB. some concerning citizensC. did some concerning citizensD. did some concerned citizens46. The buttocks are_most other parts in the body.A. likely less to cause fatal dama

6、ge thanB. likely less causing fatal damage toC. less likely to cause fatal damage thanD. less likey to cause fatal damage to47. The concept of internet,_has intrigued scientists since the mid-20th century.A. the transmission of images, sounds and messages over distancesB. transmitting of images, sou

7、nds and messages along distancesC. to transmit images, sounds and messages on distanceD. the transmissibility of images, sounds and messages for distances48. Because of difficulties in getting a visa, the students had to_the idea of applying for study in the United States.A. reduce B. yield C. relin

8、quish D. waver 49. His request for a day off_by the manager of the company.A. was turned off B. was turned down C. was put down D. was put away50. The index of industrial production_last year.A. raised up by 4 per cent B. rose up with 4 per centC.arose up with 4 per cent D. went up by 4 per cent51.

9、Please_if you ever come to Sydney.A. look at me B. look me up C. look me out D. look to me52. British hopes of a gold medal in the Olympic Games suffered_yesterday, when Hunter failed to qualify during the preliminary heats.A. a sharp set-back B. severe set-backC. a severe blown-up D. sharp blown-up

10、53. By the end of the year 2004, he_in the army for 40 years.A. will have served B. will serveC. will be serving D. will be served54. _there was an epidemic approaching, Mr. Smith_the invitation to visit that area.A. If he knew, would have declinedB. If he had known, would declineC. Had he known, wo

11、uld declineD. Had he known, would have declined55. In the dark they could not see anything clear, but could_.A. hear somebody mourn B. hear somebody mourningC. hear somebody mourned D. hear somebody had been mourning56. The team leader of mountain climbers marked out_.A. that seemed to be the best r

12、oute B. what seemed to be the best routeC. which seemed to be the best route D. something that to be the best route57. The scheme was so impracticable that I refused even_.A. to consider supporting it B. considering to support itC. to considering to support it D. considering supporting it58. Among t

13、he first to come and live in North America_, who later prospered mainly in New England.A. had been Dutch settlers B. Dutch settlers were thereC. were Dutch settlers D. Dutch settlers had been there59. The cargo box has a label_on it. Please handle it with care.A. “flexible” B. “break” C. “fragile” D

14、. “stiff”60. _we wish him prosperous, we have objections to his ways of obtaining wealth.A. Much as B. As much C. More as D. As well asPart Four Cloze Test Directions: Fill in each numbered blank in the following passage with ONE suitable word to complete the passage. Put your answers on the ANSWER

15、SHEET. (10%)Flowers for the DeadSince flowers symbolize new life, it may seem inappropriate to have them at funerals. Yet people in many cultures top coffins or caskets with wreaths and garlands and put blossoms on the graves of the (76) _. This custom is part of a widespread, long-lived pattern. Ed

16、win Daniel Wolff speculated that floral tributes to the dead are an outgrowth of the grave goods of ancient (77)_. In cultures that firmly believed in an (78)_, and believed further that the departed could enter that afterlife only (79) _they took with them indications of their worldly status, it wa

17、s a necessity to bury the dead with material goods: hence the wives and animals that were killed to accompany (80)_rulers, the riches (81)_with Egyptian pharaohs, and the coins that Europeans used to place on the departed persons eyes as payment for the Stygian ferryman. In time, as economy modified

18、 tradition, the actual (82)_goods were replaced (83)_symbolic representations. In China, for example, gold and silver paper became a stand-in (84)_real money. Eventually even the symbolic significance became obscured. Thus, Wolff said, flowers may be the (85)_step in “three well-marked stages of off

19、erings to the dead: the actual object, its substitute in various forms, and finally mere tributes of respect.”Part Five Proofreading Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each underlined sentence or part of a sentence. You may ha

20、ve to change a word, add a word or just delete a word. If you change a word, cross it out with a slash () and write the correct word near it. If you add a word, write the missing word between the words (in brackets) immediately before and after it. If you delete a word, cross it out with a slash ().

21、 Put your answers on the ANSWER SHEET. (10%)Examples:e.g.1 (86) The meeting begun 2 hours ago.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET: (86) begun begane.g.2 (87) Scarcely they settled themselves in their seats in the theatre when the curtains went up.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET: (87) (Scarcely) had (they)

22、e.g.3 (88) Never will I not do it again.Correction in the ANSWER SHEET: (88) not (86) Homes could start been connected to the Internet through electrical outlets. (87) In this way, consumers and business may find easier to make cheaper telephone calls under new rules that the Federal Communications

23、Commission began preparing on Thursday. (88) Taking together, the new rules could profoundly affect the architecture of the Internet and the services it provides. (89) They also have enormous implications for consumers, the telephone and energy industries, equipment manufacturers. Michael K. Powell,

24、 the F. C. C. chairman, and his two Republican colleagues on the five-member commission said that (90) a 4-to-1 vote on Thursday to allow a small company providing computer-to-computer phone connections to operate in different rules from ordinary phone companies, would ultimately transform the telec

25、ommunications industry and the Internet. (91) “This is a reflecting of the commissions commitment to bring tomorrows technology to consumers today,” said Mr. Powell. He added that (92)the rules governing the new phone services sought to make them as wide available as e-mail, (93) and possibly much l

26、ess expensive than traditional phones, and given their lower regulatory costs. At the same time, (94) once while the rules allowing delivery of the Internet through power lines are completed, (95) companies could provide consumers with the ability to plug their modems directly into wall sockets, jus

27、t like they do with a toaster, or a desk lamp.Part Six Writing Directions: Write a short composition of about 250 to 300 words on the topic given below. And write the composition on the ANSWER SHEET. (15%)Topic: Epidemic Diseases and Public Health Crises 试 题 详 解Part One Listening Comprehension(略）Par

28、t Two Structure and Written Expression41. B 42. A 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C 47. A 48. C 49. B 50. D 51. B 52. A 53. A 54. D 55. B56. B 57. A 58. C 59. C 60. APart Three Reading Comprehension.Passage One61. C 62. C 63. A 64. C Passage Two65. D 66. B 67. A Passage Three68. B 69. D 70. B .(71) If you are

29、 seriously ill, its good for you not to be panic and depressed.(72) Medical researchers, among whom Galen, an ancient Greek doctor, is the first one, have found out that depression can not only result in other illness but also aggravate existing ones.(73) Once they know what illness theyve got, they

30、 get worse.(74) For most people, its difficult to accept the terrible fact and remain sensible, but we should at least have confidence in ourselves.(75) Even if you get a HIV diagnosis, it is still possible for you to avoid the outbreak.Part Four Cloze Test(76) dead (77) traditions (78) afterlife (7

31、9) if (80) the (81) or(82) grave (83) by (84) for (85)lastPart Five Proofreading(86) been being (87) (finD. it (easier) (88) taking Taken(89) (industries), and (equipment) (90) in under (91) reflecting reflection(92) wide widely (93) and given given (94) while (95) like asPart Six WritingEpidemic Di

32、seases and Public Health CrisesWhen SARS epidemic swept across China and stirred up even the entire globe last year, people finally came to realize the concept of public health crises, which in reality have already affected our life in various ways. Why didnt we recognize this until our life has bee

33、n endangered? Surely, epidemic diseases as a kind of public health crises, have contributed to peoples perception of public health crises.Public health itself is not new, but the term ”public health crises “has been fresh for most people in China. It includes not only outbreaks of diseases, but also

34、 water erosion, deforestation, desertification and many other problems which mankind as a whole must face. Ever since the industrial revolution and great economic expansion, peoples life has been challenged in one way or another due to lots of irresponsible behaviors of mankind. Most of the time, pe

35、ople have accustomed to their ordinary way of life and do not spare time in comprehending the imminent crises.On the other hand, epidemic outbreaks always take on a very severe outlook and thus pose direct dangers to common people. They affect peoples daily activities and even their lives, and that

36、is why they can successfully arouse peoples concerns about their own health. To some extent, our awareness of our dining habits and carelessness in protecting the environment can be attributed to the outbreak of some epidemics, like SARS and bird flu.We should all be gratitude for this awareness bro

37、ught about by some epidemics. As China and the worlds economy continue to expand, governments and people are fully aware that some measures have to be taken to fend off any possible danger to public health.A. is to send them to clinicsB. offers recapture of earlier experiencesC. is in the provision

38、of clockwork toys and trainsD. is to capture them before they are sufficiently experienced47. The child in the nursery_.A. quickly learns to wait for foodB. doesnt initially sleep and wake at regular intervalsC. always accepts the rhythm of the world around themD. always feels the world around him i

39、s warm and friendly48. The encouragement of children to achieve new skills_.A. can never be taken too farB. should be left to school teachersC. will always assist their developmentD. should be balanced between two extremes49. Jigsaw puzzles are_.A. too difficult for childrenB. a kind of building-blo

40、ck toyC. not very entertaining for adultsD. suitable exercises for parent-child cooperation50. Parental controls and discipline_.A. serve a dual purposeB. should be avoided as much as possibleC. reflect the values of the communityD. are designed to promote the childs happinessQuestions 51 to 55 are

41、based on the following passage:More than half of all Jews married in U. S. since 1990 have wed people who arent Jewish. Nearly 480, 000 American hildren under the age of ten have one Jewish and one non-Jewish parent. And, if a survey compiled by researchers at the University of California at Los Ang

42、eles is any indication, its almost certain that most of these children will not identify themselves as “Jewish” when they get older.That survey asked college freshmen, who are usually around age 18, about their own and their parents religious identities. Ninety-three percent of those with two Jewish

43、 parents said they thought of themselves as Jewish. But when the father wasnt Jewish, the number dropped to 38 percent, and when the mother wasnt Jew, just 15 percent of the students said they were Jewish, too.“I think what was surprising was just how low the Jewish identification was in these mixed

44、 marriage families.” Linda Sax is a professor of education at UCLA. She directed the survey which was conducted over the course of more than a decade and wasnt actually about religious identity specifically. But Professor Sax says the answers to questions about religion were particularly striking, a

45、nd deserve a more detailed study. She says its obvious that interfaith marriage works against the development of Jewish identity among children, but says its not clear at this point why thats the case. “This new study is necessary to get more in-depth about their feelings about their religion. Thats

46、 something that the study that I completed was not able to do. We didnt have information on how they feel about their religion, whether they have any concern about their issues of identification, how comfortable they feel about their lifelong goals. I think the new studys going to cover some of that

47、,” she says.Jay Rubin is executive director of Hilel, a national organization that works with Jewish college students. Mr. Rubin says Judaism is more than a religion, its an experience. And with that in mind, Hillel has commissioned a study of Jewish attitudes towards Judaism. Researchers will conce

48、ntrate primarily on young adults, and those with two Jewish parents, and those with just one, those who see themselves as Jewish and those who do not. Jay Rubin says Hillel will then use this study to formulate a strategy for making Judaism more relevant to the next generation of American Jews.51. T

49、he best title of this passage is_.A. Jewish and Non-Jewish in AmericanB. Jewish Identity in AmericaC. Judaism-a Religion?D. College Jewish Students52. Among the freshmen at UCLA_thought themselves as Jewish.A. mostB. 93% of those whose parents were both JewishC. 62% of those only whose father were J

50、ewishD. 15% of those only whose mother were Jewish53. The phrase “interfaith marriage” in the Paragraph 3 refers to the_.A. marriage of people based on mutual beliefB. marriage of people for the common faithC. marriage of people of different religious faithsD. marriage of people who have faith in ea

51、ch other54. Which of the following statements is NOT true about professor Saxs research?A. The research indicates that most students with only one Jewish parent will not think themselves as Jewish.B. The survey was carried out among Jewish Freshmen.C. The research survey didnt find out what and how

52、these Jewish students think about their religion.D. The research presents a new perspective for the future study.55. Which of the following is true according to the last paragraph?A. Mr. Rubin is the founder of Hillel.B. Mr. Rubin thinks that Judaism is not a religion and its an experience.C. Hillel

53、 is an organization concerned with Jewish college students in the world.D. Hillel has asked certain people to carry out a study about Jewish attitudes towards Judaism.Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage:Governments that want their people to prosper in the burgeoning world economy s

54、hould guarantee two basic rights: the right to private property and the right to enforceable contracts, says Mancur Olson in his book Power and Prosperity. Olson was an economics professor at the University of Maryland until his death in 1998.Some have argued that such rights are merely luxuries that wealthy societies bestow, but Olson turns that argument around and asserts that such rights are essential to creating wealth. “In comes are low in most of the coun