必修4Unit1Grammar

1、Agreement,主谓一致的基本用法,My friend _in Boston. (live,lives) My friends _in Boston.,动词单数,动词复数,lives,live,My brother and sister _ in Boston. (live;lives),live,两个或更多由and 连接 的主语动词用复数形式,Every man,woman and child _ love. (needs,need),needs,Every，each总是直接跟单数 名词。即使在两个或更多的 由and 连接的名词，动词仍用单数形式。,Everyand (every), e

2、ach and (each , no and (no) , many a and (many a)连接单数名词作主语,谓语仍用单数。 Each desk and (each) chair is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has made the same mistake.,Some of the books _ good. Two-thirds of the money _ mine.,are,is,分数、百分数修饰的名词，动词的单复数取决于名词zx xk,The rest of the students are going to attend the

3、 lecture.,Eight hours of sleep _ enough.,is,表达时间、金钱、距离的短语，当作一个整体zx xk 通常接动词的单数形式。,Ten dollars _ too much to pay. Five thousand miles _ too far to travel.,is,is,Growing flowers _ her hobby.,is,动名词、不定式作主语, 接动词的单数形式。,None of the boys _ here.,is/are,带None of, neither of的主语经常看作单数，但可接动词复数形式。,Either the bo

4、y or his parents _ going to talk with the teacher. (be),就近原则： or; eitheror; neithernor; not only but also,are,There _ a book on the shelf. There _ some books on the shelf. zx xk,is,are,there be句型中，谓语由邻近的名词决定,1. A with B, along with, A together with B, A as well as B, 2. rather than, but, 3.except, b

5、esides, in addition to 4. including,The news _ interesting.,is,有些以-s结尾的名词是单数。如： 国家the United States,the Philippines, the United Nations, 科目mathematics, physics ,Those people _ from Canada.,are,people, police，cattle是复数名词，接动词复数形式。Peoples指民族。,The police have been called.,English _ spoken in many countr

6、ies. The English _ (drink) tea.,is,某些名词既可指语言，又可指人民,drink,Spanish,Chinese,Japanese, Vietnamese,Portuguese,French,The poor _(have) many problems.,have,The + adj,指一类人,作复数名词。,the rich,the young,the old, the living,the dead,the blind, the deaf,the handicapped,My family_ large.It is composed of nine membe

7、rs. My family _ loving and supportive. They are always ready to help me.,is,集合名词指整体时，用作单数; 指其中的人时，作复数。,are,audience couple family class group team public government crowd staff (全体职员） committee faculty (大学全体教师）,The government is planning many changes. The government are planning many changes.,当集合名词指

8、个体组成的集合时，动词 可用单数，也可用复数。 My family is/are loving and supportive. 英国英语常用复数，美国英语喜欢用 动词单数形式。,Subject-Verb Agreement,主谓一致的三个原则: 语法一致、就近一致、意义一致,Summarize the rules of subject-verb agreement:,1.-Each of the students,working hard at his or her lessons,_ to go to university. -So do I. A.hope B.hopes C.hoping

9、 D.hoped,2.The number of people invited _ fifty,but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. A.were;was B.was;was C.was;were D.were;were,3.Alice,together with two boys, _ for having broken the rule. A.was punished B.punished C.were punished D.being punished,4.E-mail, as well as telephones, _

10、 an important part in daily communication. A.is playing B.have played C.are playing D.play,5.Mary as well as his sisters _ Chinese in China. A.are studying B.have studied C.studies D.study,6.All but one _ here just now. A.is B.was C.has been D.were,当主语后有as well as,together with, like, but, rather th

11、anexcept,including等引导的词组时，谓语的单复数由前面主语决定,7.Every boy and every girl _ to attend the evening party. A.wish B.wishes C.is like D.like,8.Over 80 percent of the population of China _ peasants. A.was B.is C.would be D.are,9.Every means _ tried but without any result. A. have been B.is to be C.are to be D.

12、has been,10.The rich _ not always happy. A.are B.is C.has D.have,11.The great writer and professor _. A.is an old man B.are both old men C.is an old man and a young man D.were two Chinese,*The great and the great professor,12.There _ a pen,two pencils and three books on the desk. A.are B.is C.has D.

13、have,13.The Arabian Nights _ well known to the English. A.is B.are C.was D.were,14.A chemical works _ built there. A.is to being B.have been C.were to D.has been,15.Many a man _ come to help us. A.have B.has C.is D.are,many a,more than one修饰名词，意义 上是复数，谓语仍用单数。,16.“All _ present and all_ going on well

14、,”said our monitor. A.is,is B.are,are C.are,is D.is,are,All 指人，用复数动词；all指物， 用单数动词。,17.This pair of trousers _ too long for him. A.is B.be C.are D.were,glasses,scales(天平）,scissors前 有a pair of,谓语用单数。,18.When and where to build the new factory _ yet. A.has not decided B.is not decided C.are not decided

15、 D.have not decided,单一概念,19.Going to bed early and getting up early _ a good habit. A.is B.are C.be D.were,Going to bed early and getting up early早睡早起表示的是单一概念,What I am reading _ the famous novel written by Mark Twain. (be),is,20.What we need _ good textbooks. A.is B.are C.have D.has,由what引导的主语从句，谓语

16、动词 通常用单数；但所指的内容是复数 意义时，用复数,21.Both rice and wheat _ grown in that country. A.is B.are C.was D.has,1Neither my wife nor I myself _ able to persuade my daughter to change her mind Ais Bare Cam Dbe 2Not only I but also Jane and Mary _ tired of having one examination after another Ais Bare Cam Dbe,3Not the teacher，but the students _ looking forward to seeing the film Ais Bare Cam Dbe,4Nobody but Betty and Mary _ late for class yesterday Awas Bwere Chas been Dhave been,5A woman with some children _ soon Ais coming Bare coming Chas come Dhave come 6No