阅读理解记叙文专题练习1

1、【英语】阅读理解记叙文专题练习1一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）1阅读材料，从每题所给的a、b、 c、 d 四个选项中选出最佳选项。the year was 1859. america and england had already fought two wars. now, they were at peace. but one day a pig got hungry. and it nearly caused another war between the two countries.the pig was owned by a british man who lived on

2、a small island. the island was just off the western part of north america. both england and the us said the island was theirs. across the island from the british man lived some american farmers. everyone on the island got along peacefully. but the peace ended the day the british mans pig decided to

3、eat some of an american farmers potatoes.one of the american farmers shot and killed the pig. then the pigs owner wanted $100 fromthe man who shot the animal. that was a lot of money, so the farmer refused to pay it. the british and americans began to argue, and the situation got worse. the farmers

4、asked the governor over the island at that time for help. he sent a group of soldiers to protect the farmers.the british answered by sending 2, 000 soldiers. the british were on one side of the island, and the americans were on the other. the problem that began with the pig was about to become a sho

5、oting war.when news of the problem reached washington and london, both leaders were surprised. neither country wanted another war. they sent some men to try to fix the problem. after a discussion, it was decided that each country would keep a small group of soldiers on the island.they would stay the

6、re until the two countries could decide who owned the island. then the others would have to leave.twelve years went by. neither side wanted to give u the island, but they knew they had to do something. they asked the leader of germany to help decide. after nearly a year of discussion, a decision was

7、 made. america would get the island.finally, the pig war was over and only one shot was fired. that was the shot that killed the pig!（ 1） what caused the problem on the island according to the passage?（ 2） the underlined word they in paragraph 4 refers to _.a. the farmersb. the leadersc. the soldier

8、sd. the germans（ 3） according to the passage, the real purpose of the two countries was _.a. to own an islandb. to kill a pigc. to get more moneyd. to start a war（ 4） which of the following might be the best title for the passage?a. the pig islandb. the pig warc. the pig on the islandd. the island w

9、ar【答案】 （ 1） d（ 2） c（ 3） a（ 4） b【解析】 【分析】文章大意：英美两国因一头英国人饲养的猪吃了美国人种植的土豆引起的争端，其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，（ 1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 but the peace ended the day the british mans pig decided to eat some of an american farmers potatoes. 理解可知，这场战争的主要起因就是英国人的猪吃了美国人的土豆，故选d。（ 2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 after a discussion, it was decide

10、d that each country would keep a small group of soldiers on the island. they would stay there until the two countries coulddecide who owned the island.理解可知，经过讨论，决定每个国家在岛上保留一小队士兵。他们将一直呆在那里，直到两国决定谁拥有这个岛。they 指代的就是士兵，故选c。（ 3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句 twelve years went by. neither side wanted to give u the island,

11、but they knew they had to do something. they asked the leader of germany to helpdecide. after nearly a year of discussion, a decision was made. america would get the island.理解可知，英美两国的最终目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，故选a。（ 4）标题推断题。通读全文可知，英美的争议是因一头猪吃了土豆引起的，其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，故选b。【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文

12、中找到答案，而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解，归纳出中心思想。2阅读短文，从各题所给的a、b、 c、 d 四个选项中选出最佳选项。by anna matteo28 january, 2019a 3-year-old boy who was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at home with his family.but casey hathaway told his rescuers （救援者） that he was not alone in the rainy, freezing cold woods. he said he wa

13、s with a friend a bear.the child went missing on january 22 while playing with friends near his grandmothers house in north carolina. when the other children returned but casey did not, the family searched the area for almost an hour before calling the police.police formed a search team to look for

14、the young boy in the nearby woods. but two days went by andno casey.then on january 24, someone called the police saying he heard a child crying in the woods. police followed up on the information and found casey at about 9:30 that night. he was in good health.casey told the rescuers he had hung out

15、 with a black bear for two days, a bear he called his friend.the police officer chip hughes spoke with reporters from several news agencies. he said casey did not say how he could survive in the woods for two days in the cold, rainy weather. however, the police officer said, he did say he had a frie

16、nd in the woods that was a bear with him.hundreds of people helped in the search and rescue efforts, including some 600 volunteers, police and members of the army. doctors at the medical center gave casey some examination. hewas then sent to his family on january 25.his mother talked with reporters

17、and thanked everyone who joined the search for her son. we just want to tell everybody that were very thankful that you took the time out to search for casey, said his mother. he is up and talking hes already asked to watch cartoons.（ 1） who stayed with casey in the woods during the two days?a. a be

18、ar.b. the police.c. his mother.（2） the underlined word survive in paragraph 6 probably means a. give upb. get lostc. fall asleepd. the volunteers.d. remain alive（ 3） what is the correct order in which these happen?a. someone heard a child crying.b. the family started to look for casey.c. casey playe

19、d with his friends.d. the police found casey was in good health.a. b-c-a-db. b-c-d-ac. c-b-a-dd. c-b-d-a（ 4） after casey was sent back home, he was _.a. scaredb. nervousc. relaxedd. surprised【答案】 （ 1） a（ 2） d（ 3） c（ 4） c【解析】 【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了三岁的孩子casey hathaway 在丢失之后的神奇的经历。他跟一只大熊游逛了两天。（ 1）细节理解题，根据 he s

20、aid he was with a friend a bear. 可知他跟一只熊在一起，故答案是 a。（ 2）词义猜测题题，小男孩丢失了，根据in the woods for two days in the cold, rainyweather ，这些都是小男孩在森林里遇到的恶劣生存条件，小男孩最后安全回家，可推测该单词的意思是生存，故答案是d。（ 3）细节排除题，根据文章内容可知，孩子跟朋友在一起玩，即c，没有回来，家人就开始找他，即b。然后就有人听到了孩子的哭喊声即a，最后警察发现他状况很好，即d，句子顺序应该是c-b-a-d，故答案是c。（ 4）细节理解题，根据he is up and

21、talking hes already asked to watch cartoons孩子没有问题，很放松，故答案是c。，可知说明【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题，猜疑猜测题和细节排序题，细节理解题和细节排序题相对简单，可知直接从文中找到答案，猜疑猜测题则需要结合具体语境去推测单词的意思。3阅读材料，然后从各题所给的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。every year, more than 26,000 children arrive in britain. we ask some new arrivals what they like best about their new liv

22、es and whats different from home.jarek, polanddaisy & luck,the usai dontknow anybody from poland here,butmy sister and i like living here. its cool! myim luckybecause the english boy next door issister lovesthe britishaccent （口音） .very friendly and kind. we are in the same class!everybodyhere is ver

23、y polite. but we donti like teachers here. at home, the teachers seemunderstandall yourstrange words-we saya bit strict and serious. there are a lot of rules,yard not garden, and apartment not flat.too. here, teachers are patient and dontgive the foodisbetterhere.theres chinese,much homework. we stu

24、dents go out of school indian and thai. at home we eat too muchand buy pizza or burgers at lunchtime. we cantfast food.do that in poland.zinah, indiaitstoocoldhere!ihatedoingsports,especially outsidein winter. the teacher here isvery serious about sports. i prefer scienceandmaths. i love the maths c

25、lass because the teacheris really funny, justlike my maths teacher inindia. the school is so big and some studentsseemunfriendly. im from a small village school.（ 1） among the above four children, _ probably likes the new school life best.a. luckb. zinahc. jarckd. daisy（ 2） in zinahs eyes, her maths

26、 teacher in india might be _.a. coldb. strictc. patientd. humorous（ 3） the passage is probably taken from _.a. a travel magazineb. an education websitec. a geography textbookd. a business newspaper【答案】 （ 1） c（ 2） d（ 3） b【解析】 【分析】文章大意：介绍了jarek， daisy， lucy 和 zinah 来到英国以后自己的学习生活体验。（ 1）细节理解题。根据文中第一个方框中

27、的语句i like teachers here.可知，jarek 喜欢这里的学校生活，故选c。（ 2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句i love the maths class because the teacher is really funny,just like my maths teacher in india.理解可知， zinah 认为他的数学老师比较滑稽，幽默，故选 d。（ 3）理解归纳题。通读全文可知，这篇文章主要介绍了四个到英国学习的学生自己的学习体会，应该与教育有关，故选b。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要

28、通读全文，了解大意之后找出主题句。4阅读理解when he didnt become famous, albert einstein, one of the greatest scientists in the world,lived a hard life, wearing casually. someone reminded him he should have a decent （得体的） coat so as to enter the society.he said, im unknown. even if i wear more handsomely, no one will kno

29、w me. a few years later, einstein became a world-famous scientist, who still wore casually. the man again reminded he should have a coat made quickly, or it would disagree with the fame of a great scientist. einstein said with a smile, now, even if i wear ragged （衣衫褴褛的） clothes, people will know me.

30、sometimes, he even wore a sports shirt and a pair of sandals to the university of berlin when he worked as a professor in germany. his friends didnt agree with him, but he said jokingly, if the bag is better than the meat inside, it will be a bad thing.indeed, many a time, if we dont adorn （修饰 ;装饰）

31、ourselves from the appearance but let the skeleton （骨架 ;骨骼） of the spirit stand up, we wont fall over in this world.（ 1） einstein was a great_.a. reporterb. writerc. scientistd. artist（ 2 ） before becoming famous, when someone reminded him to have a decent coat.einstein_.a. had a decent coat quickly

32、b. still wore casuallyc. quarreled with the persond. wore more handsomely then（ 3） what can we learn from the fourth paragraph?a. einstein was unfriendly to his friends.b. einstein once studied in the university of berlin.c. einstein didnt like his work as a professor in germany.d. einstein thought

33、the things inside a person were more important than the appearance.【答案】 （ 1） c（ 2） b（ 3） d【解析】 【分析】文章大意：世界著名科学家爱因斯坦成名前后都穿着随意，面对人们的劝说，他的回答发人深思。他认为：一个人内在的品质要比外表更重要。我们应该让精神的骨架站起来，才能立于不败之地。（ 1）细节理解题。由文中语句albert einstein ，one of the greatest scientists in the world可知，爱因斯坦是一位伟大的科学家。故选c。（ 2）推理判断题。根据第一段最后so

34、meone reminded him he should have a decent（得体的） coat so as to enter the society.有人提“醒他为了融入社会他应该有一件得体的外套”；第二段语句he said, im unknown. even if i wear more handsomely, no one will know me. 爱因斯坦回答 “我没有名气。即便我穿得更英俊漂亮，也没有人会认识我。”由此推断，爱因斯坦没有听从别人劝告，依然穿着很随意，故选b。（ 3）推理判断题。阅读短文第四段可知，爱因斯坦在柏林大学工作时，穿着运动衫和凉鞋去学校，朋友们不赞同

35、时，他说“如果袋子比里面的肉好，那将是一件坏事。”这里爱因斯坦将袋子和肉分别比作人的外在和内在，故选d。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题和推理判断等常考题型，推理判断题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。5阅读理解a couple of sparrows （麻雀） lived happily in a huge tree in a jungle. the female sparrow had laid her eggs and they were expecting their babies soon.one day, an elephant wa

36、s unable to tolerate the heat of the summer sun. he destroyed all trees, including the tree where the sparrows lived.the sparrows managed to escape by flying away, but they lost their babies. the eggs fell down to the ground and broke into pieces. they cried loudly and decided to kill the elephant.t

37、hey asked their friends, a woodpecker and a fly for help. the fly took them to meet one of his friends, an old frog. the frog was wise and he came up with a good plan soon.the frog explained, fly! your task is to buzz in the elephants ears in order to make him sleepy. the woodpeckers task is to hurt

38、 his eyes and make him blind. in this hot summer days, he will certainly search for water. i will sit by the nearby pit （深坑） and shout at the top of my voice.he continued, when the thirsty elephant hears me, he will think there is a pond or lake nearby and follow my voice. and when he does so, he wi

39、ll fall into the pit and die.the others agreed to the frogs plan. everyone did their tasks perfectly. finally, the elephant fell into the pit and died.（ 1） the underlined word tolerate means_.a. protectb. standc. mindd. encourage（ 2） why did the sparrows want to kill the elephant?（ 3） in what order

40、did the following events take place?a. the frog shouted by the pit.b. the fly buzzed in the elephants ears.c. the elephant fell into the pit and died.d. the elephant wanted to search for water.e. the woodpecker made the elephant blind.a. e-b-d-a-cb. b-e-d-a-cc. e-b-a-d-cd. b-e-a-d-c（ 4） what can we

41、learn from the passage?a. a friend is easier lost than found.c. fact speaks louder than words.b. a good beginning is half done.d. many hands make light work.（ 5） whats the best title for the passage?a. a perfect planb. a poor elephantc. good friendsd. wise sparrows【答案】 （ 1） b（ 2） c（ 3） b（ 4） d（ 5） a

42、【解析】 【分析】文章大意：本文讲的是几个弱小的动物齐心协力杀死大象的故事。两只麻雀因为大象的鲁养行为失去了孩子。他们向啄木鸟和苍蝇求助，苍蝇带他们去见一只青蛙。青蛙想出了一个需要他们共同实施的完美计划，他们成功杀死了那头大象。（ 1）词义猜测题。结合上下文one day, an elephant was unable to tolerate the heat of thesummer sun. he destroyed all trees, including the tree where the sparrows lived.天气很热，大象无法“忍受 ”这种热，就毁坏了所有的树，包括麻雀住

43、的那棵，的描述可知，tolerate的含义是 “忍受；容忍 ”，和stand同义，故答案为b。（ 2）细节理解题。根据本段中的“ but theylost theirbabies以”及 “ theycried loudlyanddecided to kill the elephant. 可知麻雀想杀大象的原因是大象间接杀害了他们的孩子，故答案为 c。（ 3）推理判断题。通读这五六两段可知，事件发生的顺序是：苍蝇在大象的耳朵边嗡嗡叫 啄木鸟啄瞎大象的眼睛 大象想找水 青蛙在深坑边大叫 大象掉进深坑里死了，故答案为 b。（ 4）推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文讲述几个弱小的动物齐心协力杀死大象的故事

44、，阐述的道理是 “众人拾柴火焰高 ”，故答案为 d。（ 5）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文讲的是麻雀、啄木鸟、苍蝇和青蛙共同实施的一个杀死大象的完美计划，故答案为a。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文考查细节题，词义推断题，推理判断题和主旨题等常考题型，细节题要注意从文中抓住关键词寻找答案；主旨题，词义推断题以及判断题都需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出正确选项。6阅读理解how many of us have reached into our drawer （抽屉） and pulled out socks that didnt match? will you throw them away like

45、most girls or try to reuse them? the story of carly and charleymay help you.carly and charley are the girls who often lose their socks. at first, they just matched differentcolors or styles like some other girls. but most of the time, these socks couldnt match theirclothes. so they came up with an i

46、dea and started odd sox: they collected these socks and gave them away to homeless people. but the problem wasnt solved. they still had missing socks until they realized that they could make a business out of it. so they set up single sox: he girls sell socks in packs（包） of three so you can mix and

47、match as you wish. each pack is super colorfuland super inspiring （激励人心的） carly andcharley have writtenwords on every sock toencourage girls to celebrate their differences.and they carry on the tradition of giving backfor every pair of socks sold, they give away apair to those in need. nothing is a

48、waste if you have a creative mind.（1） carly and charley set up odd sox and gave away the socks to.a. sick childrenb. disabled womenc. poor studentsd. homeless people（2） the words on the socks are to encourage girls totheir differences.a. matchb. shoutc. reachd. celebrate（3） the underlined words carr

49、y on in the third paragraph probably mean.a. continueb. comparec. connectd. control（4） the correct order of the following is. started odd sox. carry on the tradition of giving back set up single sox matched different socksa. b. c. d. 0（5） the passage is mainly about how to.a. collect different ideas

50、b. buy all kinds of socksc. put things to good used. throw away the waste【答案】 （ 1） d（2） d（3） a（4） c（5） c【解析】 【分析】文章大意：我们中有多少人把手伸进抽屉里拿出了不相配的袜子？你会像大多数女孩一样把它们扔掉还是再利用它们？卡莉和查理的故事也许对你有帮助。短文讲述他们是如何处理袜子的。（ 1）细节理解题，根据so they came up with an idea and started odd sox: theycollected these socks and gave them aw

51、ay to homeless people.可知，卡莉和查理把袜子收集起来送给无家可归的人，故答案是d。（ 2）细节理解题，根据 carly and charley have written words on every sock to encourage girls to celebrate their differences. 可知写这些话的原因是为了鼓励女孩子们来庆祝自己的与众不同，故答案是 d。（ 3）词义猜测题，根据they realized that they could make a business out of it可知一开始他们通过售出的袜子赚钱，又根据the tradit

52、ion of giving backfor every pair of socks sold可知还是坚持了卖袜子要回报的传统，所以carry on 的意思是坚持，继续的意思，故答案是 a。（ 4）细节排序题，根据段文内容可知，他们一开始把不同的袜子搭配在一起，然后建立了一个 odd sox，再往后建立了独立的 sox，最后把原来的传统坚持了下来，因此正确顺序为 4-1-3-2 ，故答案是 c。（ 5）主旨大意题，根据文章主要讲述了两个孩子，把没有用的袜子重新利用起来的故事，故答案是 c。【点评】考查阅读理解，本文涉及到了细节理解题、词义猜测题、细节排序题和主旨大意题。细节理解题比较简单，可直接

53、在短文中找到答案，词义猜测题则需要结合具体语境推测出生词的意思，细节排序题也属于细节理解，只是需要我们按照文章内容去排列指定的细节，主旨大意题需要在充分理解文章的基础上，归纳出文章的中心思想。7阅读理解in the warring states period, the state of qin had a fight with the state of zhao, zhao needed some talented people to ask for help from chu. then mao sui the man who believed he was the right person for this task came and recommended （推荐） himself. and he made the king of chu send the army to help successfully. zhao was safe. from then on, mao sui became a well-known hero of the state.one day, shang yang put a thin wooden stick near the south gate of the capital of qin. he prom