直接引语变间接引语语法讲解及专项练习(含答案

1、 直接引语变间接引语语法讲解一. 直接引语和间接引语的定义 一字不改的引用货复述别人的话，被引用或复述的部分被称为直接引语。直接引语一般置于引号之内（即前后加引号）其位置常在居委或句首，第一个单词首字母必修大写。 用自己的话转述别人的话，被转述的部分被称为间接引语。间接引语通常在句中以宾语从句的形式出现。二. 直接引语变为间接引语的方法人称人称变化可以遵循如下顺口溜“一随主，二随宾，第三人称不更新”。“一随主”是指在直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语是第一人称或被第一人称所修饰。从句 中的人称要按照主句中主语的人称变化，如： She said. “My brother wants to g

2、o with me.” She said her brother wanted to go with her. “二随宾”是指直接引语变间接引语时，若从句中的主语及宾语是第二人称，或被第二人“你”所修饰，从句中的人称要跟引号外的主句的宾语一致。如果引号外的主句没有宾语，也可以用第一人称，如： He said to Kate，How is your sister now? He asked Kate how her sister was then.“第三人称不更新”是指直接引语变间接引语时，如果从句中的主语及宾语是第三人称或被第三人称所修饰从句中的人称一般不需要变化，如： Mr. Smith s

3、aid，“Jack is a good worker.”Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.3、 时态直接引语在改为间接引语时，时态需要做相应的调整。其基本法则和我们刚刚学过的宾语从句的时态变化一致，也就是说从句时态要和主句时态一致。如果从句是过去时，主句要向后退一格时态，变成一种过去时。1. She said. “We hope so.” She said they hoped so. (一般现在 一般过去)2. She said,“He will go to see his friend。” She said he would go to see h

4、is friend. (一般将来 过去将来)3. She said , “I am reading in the room.” She said she was reading in the room.(现在进行 过去进行)但要注意在以下几种情况下。在直接引语变为间接引语时，时态一般不变化。 直接引语是客观真理。如： “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me. The teacher told me the earth moves around the su

5、n and the moon moves around the earth。 四、句型： 直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应改为由that引导的宾语从句。句中常用say， tell 等如：She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.” She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 直接引语如果是反义疑问句，选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或if（是否）引导的宾 语.句中常用ask从句.如：He said, “Can you swim, John?” He aske

6、d John if he could swim. “Do you go to school by bus or by bike?” He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike. 直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。句中常用ask She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. 直接引语如果是祈使句，间接引语应改为“tell/ask, sb.(n

7、ot) to do sth.”句型。如： “Dont make any noise,” she said to the children. She told the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she. She asked him to bring her a cup of tea. 直接引语如果是以“Lets”开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动名词（或从句）。”如： He said, “ Lets go to the film.” He suggested

8、going to the film. He suggested that they should go to see the film.直接引语变间接引语专项练习题（1）将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：1. “I never eat meat.” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “I am watching TV.” she said. She said that _ _ _ TV.3. The teac4. her said, “The sun rises in the east and goes down in the west.”Th

9、e teacher said that the sun _ in the east and _ down in the west.4. “Do you have a pen?” he said to me.He _me _ I _ a pen.5. “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew where she _.6. “Stop making so much noise, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ making so much noise.7. “Dont te

10、ll him the news.” she said.She told me _ _ _ him the news. 8. “Are you interested in this?” he said.He _me _ I was interested in_.9.She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” She asked Tom_ _ _help _.10 The boy said to us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” The boy told us that _usually _up at six every

11、 day.【2012北京】34.Can you tell me _ the prize, Tom? Last year. A. when you gotB. when did you get C. when will you get D. when you will get【2012贵州安顺】29.The policewoman asked the little boy _.Awhere did he liveBwhere he livedCwhere he live Dwhere does he lives【浙江湖州】22. Do you know _? Next Sunday. A. wh

12、at they will do B. where they will do C. when they will come here D. who they will meet【2011山东临沂】34. The policeman asked the small girl _ A. why she was crying B. why was she crying C. why she is crying D. why is she crying 【2011山东枣庄】21. He said that light _much faster than sound. A. has travelled B

13、. went C. travels D. travelled【2010 .河北中考】Your T-shirt is so cool. Could you tell me _?A. where you buy it B. where do you buy it C. where you bought it D. where did you buy it【2010晋江中考】 -Would you please tell me _? -At 10:00 this evening. A. when will the train leave B. when the train will leave C.

14、 when does the train leave【2012山东济南】55. Im doing a survey. Could you tell me _?学科王Sure. I usually go to work at 7:00 am A. why you go to work B. how you go to work C. when you go to work科1He said: “Ive left my book in my room.” 2She said: “He will be busy.” 3She said to Tom, “Can you help me?” 4She

15、asked, “Is this book yours or his?” 5The teacher asked, “how did you repair it?” .6The teacher said to the students, “Dont waste your time.” 7The mother said, “Tom, get up early, please.” 8The teacher said, “The earth goes round the sun.” 9My father said, “Practice makes perfect.” 10The boy said to

16、us, “ I usually get up at six every day.” 11He said, “We are still students. 12He said to me, “I was born in 1978.13The engineer said, “I was at college in 1967.” 14He said, “I have studied English since I was a boy.” 15She said, “I read the book while I was waiting for a bus. 16Mr. Green said to th

17、em, “Joe told me all about his story when he asked for a job.”17He said, “We insisted that she start immediately.18She said, “He demanded that the girl leave at once.” 19I said to him, “I have finished it.” 20She said to us,“ Ill come here tomorrow.” 21“Where does your chemistry teacher live, Karen?

18、” the young man asked. 22“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,” the little boy said happily. 23“Light travels faster than sound,” the physics teacher said to the boys and girls. 24“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?” Mary asked me. 25“What did you do here yeste

19、rday?” the old man asked my brother. 巩固练习：1. Our teacher asked us _ our dictionaries to school.A. bring B. brought C. bring D. to bring2. The teacher told the boy students _ football on the grass.A. not play B. not to play C. played D. playing3. _ Tom didnt go to school?A. Do you know how B. Why do

20、you know C. How you know why D. Do you know why4. She looks sad. Could you please tell me _ that prevents her from being as happy as before?A. what it is B. it is what C. how it is D. it is how5. Betty asked her sister _ to the railway station to see her off.A. not to come B. not to go C. to not com

21、e D. to not go6. The pupil asked his teacher _ round the earth.A. weather the moon goes B. that the moon wentC. whether the moon goes D. whether the moon went7. Mr. Li _ Wang Ling _ a taxi to the airport.A. asked; take B. asked; taking C. told; take D. told; to take8. She asked him _.A. whose dictio

22、nary this is B. whose dictionary that wasC. whose dictionary is this D. whose dictionary that is9. Marys mother asked her _.A. that whether she had finished her homework B. if she has finished her homeworkC. if she had finished her homework D. that if she had finished her homework10. Do you know _?A

23、. what is he doing B. what he doingC. what he is doing D. what does he do now11. I dont know _ to learn English.A. when did he begin B. when he began C. he when began D. when he begins12. He asked me _.A. how would the weather be like tomorrow B. what the weather would be like the next dayC. how the

24、 weather would be like tomorrow D. what would the weather be like the next day13. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Spring Festival presents.A. how excited they were B. how excited were theyC. how they were excited D. they were how excited14. She told me that she _ by her relatives at

25、 the bus stop.A. had been seen off B. have seen off C. have been seen off D. had seen off15. Do you remember how many times _ to Australia?A. had you been B. did you go C. have you been D. you have been16. Can you guess _?A. what is that man B. who that man is C. whom that man is D. who is that man1

26、7. More and more students and teachers have began to know _.A. how important the foreign language are B. how the foreign language is importantC. how important the foreign language is D. how important is the foreign language18. The hostess said that it _ time that they _ supper.A. was; had B. was; ha

27、d had C. is; have D. is; have had19. The boss asked his secretary _ he had finished typing the report _.A. if; or not B. if; not C. whether; or not D. whether; not20. I wonder how much _.A. does he spend on his car B. did he spend on his carC. he spent on his car D. he spent in his car巩固练习答案：15DBDAB

28、; 610CDBCC；1115BBAAD；1620BCACC1.my mother took me to an exhibition yesterday.she said.2.we are going to study in Australia next month.they said.3.im checking your home work now.his mother said.4.can you tell me how to get to the nearest restaurant?the man asked the policeman5.is your son going to Sh

29、anghai today or tomorrow?he asked.6.do you remember what your aunt told you last night?Li pings father asked him.7.where shall i get off to change to a No.3 bus?he asked the conductor.8.how many car factories have been built in your country?he asked me.9.what did Edison do to help the doctor operate

30、 on his mother ?the teacher asked.10. go to the front at once!the officer said to the soldiers.答案:1.She said her mother had took her to an exhibition the day before .2.They said they were going to study in Australia the next month.3.His mother said she was checking his homework then .4.The man asked

31、 the policeman if he could tell him how to get to the nearest restaurant.5.He asked whether my son was going to Shanghai that day or the next day.6.Li pings father asked him if he rememberred what his aunt had told him the night before.7.He asked the conductor where he could get off to change to a N

32、o.3 bus.8.He asked me how many car factories had been built in my country.9.The teacher asked what Edison had do to help the doctor operate on his mother.10.The officer asked the soldiers to go to the front at once.一、将所给直接引语变为间接引语，每空一词：1. “I am having supper,” he said. He said that _ _ having supper

33、.2. “Ive seen the film,” Gina said to me. Gina _ me that she _ _ the film. 3. “I went home with my sister,” she said. She said that _ _ _ home with her sister.4. The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”The teacher said that the sun _ bigger than the moon.5. “I met her yesterday,” he said

34、 to me.He told me that he _ met her the day _.6. “You must come here before five,” he said.He said that I _ to go _ before five.7. “I bought the computer two weeks ago,” she said.She said that she _ bought the computer two weeks _.8. “Did you read the book last week?” he said.He _ _ I had read the b

35、ook the week _.9. He said, “You can sit here, Jim.”He _ Jim that he _ sit there10. He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”He asked her mother _ _ _ found it.11. “Where have you been these days?” he asked.He asked me _ _ _ been _ days. 12 “Do you know where she lives?” he asked.He asked _ _ knew whe

36、re she _.13. “Keep quiet, children.” he said. He _ the children _ _ quiet.14. “Dont look out of the window,” she said.She told me _ _ _ out of the window. 15. “Are you interested in this?” he said.He _ _ I was interested in _.【答案详解】1. he, was。在直接引语变为间接引语时，代词I要变为he；主句为过去时态，宾语从句通常要将时态往后推一个，即现在进行时am having变为过去进行时was having。