独立主格资料

1、复习分词（现在分词和过去分词）作状语：1) When they saw their teacher, the students stood up. 2) After they had finished their homework, they went home.3) Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school.4) As I hadnt received his letter, I wrote to him again. 5) If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress

2、.6) If water is heated, it can be changed into steam.7) Although they felt very tired，they kept running.8) The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句)9) His parents died, and made him an orphan.划出下面句子中的过去分词结构，改写成状语从句：1. Sent to zoos in Beijing and other cities, the monkey

3、s are reported to have settled down well. 2. The audience, greatly affected by his speech, all voiced support for the plan. 3. Given a chance, I can surprise the world. 4. Awarded the Nobel Prize for Chemistry, the scientist is still working hard. 5. The teacher came into the lab, followed by a grou

4、p of students. 【高考链接】从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. _ from the top of the tower, the south foot of the mountain is a sea of trees. A. Seen B. Seeing C. Having seen D. To see （陕西2010）2. The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if _ regularly, can improve our health. （浙江2010）A. being car

5、ried out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 3. _ twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. A. Being bitten B. Bitten C. Having bitten D. To be bitten （北京2009）4. Michaels new house is like a huge palace, _ with his old one. （重庆2009）A. comparing B. compar

6、es C. to compare D. compared 5. _ by the advances in technology, many farmers have set up wind farms on their land. （天津2009）A. Being encouraged B. Encouraging C. Encouraged D. Having encouraged 6. _ many times, he finally understood it. （四川2009）A. Told B. Telling C. Having told D. Having been told7.

7、 _ the right kind of training, these teenage soccer players may one day grow into international stars. （江西2009）A. Giving B. Having given C. To give D. Given 8. _ not to miss the flight at 15:20, the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. A. Reminding B. Reminded C. To remind D. Having reminded

8、（福建2009）Key:【高考链接】1-5 ACBDC 6-8 DDB独立主格结构用法归纳英语的独立主格结构主要表示谓语动词发生的时间、原因、条件或伴随情况等，在许多情况下相当于一个状语从句或并列句。(分词或不定式等做状语，再带上自己的逻辑主语)一独立主格结构的构成名/代+现在分词/过去分词/不定式with+上述结构There being +名词（代词）或者It being +名词（代词）二独立主格结构实例1. 用作时间状语The test finished, we began our holiday.=When the test was finished, we began our holi

9、day.。2. 用作条件状语Weather permitting (=If weather permits), they will go on an outing to the beach tomorrow. 如果天气允许的话，他们将在明天组织一次海滨小游。3. 用作原因状语An important lecture to be given tomorrow (=As an important lecture will be given tomorrow), the professor has to stay up late into the night. 因为明天要发表一个重要的演讲，教授不得

10、不熬夜到很晚。4. 用作伴随状语He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed under his head (=and his hands were crossed under his head).他躺在草地上，两手交叉枕在脑后。5. 表示补充说明A hunter came in, his face red with cold (=and his face was red with cold). 一个猎人走了进来，他的脸冻得通红。We redoubled our efforts, each man working like two. 我们加倍努力，一

11、个人干两个人的活。注意：A.独立主格结构表示时间、条件或原因时，相当于一个状语从句，一般放在句首，表示原因时还可放在句末；表伴随状况或补充说明时，相当于一个并列句，通常放于句末。B.“名/代+形容词/副词/介词短语”或者“with+名/代+形容词/副词/介词短语”也属于独立主格的一种。He entered the room, with his nose red with cold. He climbed in, with a sword in his hand.He fell asleep with the radio on.C. There being/It being+名词（代词）结构表示

12、动作发生的前提条件或理由, being（或 having been）不能省略。如：1) There being nothing else to do, we went home. 没有别的事可做，我们就回家了。 2) There being no further business, I declare the meeting closed. 没有再要讨论的事了，我宣布散会。3) There being no bus, we had to go home on foot.因为没有公共汽车，所以我们不得不步行回家。4) It being Christmas, the government offices were closed. 由于圣诞节的缘故，政府机关都休息。 5) It being Sunday, we went to church.因为是星期天，我们去了做礼拜。D.现在分词有时可换成现在分词的完成式（having done）, 表示该动作发生在谓语之前。过去分词表示被动的含义，有时可换成现在分词完成式的被动形式（ 示该动作发生在谓语之前。 有时可换成现在分词完成式的被动形式（having been done）. 也表示该动作发生在谓语之前。 ） 1) Spring having been here, they still havent got r