LocalenvironmentsurveyinZhengzhou[共10页]

1、GAC023 AE#1Ivy LiAbstractThe aim of this research was to do a survey of a location by observing the habitat, biotic and abiotic factors, environment and human influence. I would collect the data by searching the internet and asking the teacher questions. The information included the categories of th

2、e plants and animals, factors that could influence the outcome and other background information. In my opinion, this location was threatened by aridity and pests, so the school government could introduce some kinds of birds to eat extra pests and to keep the balance of this ecosystem. Also, they cou

3、ld set a water tube to keep the soil humid. These two solutions could not only improve the two problems, but also maintain the balance of the ecosystem. 1.0 IntroductionThe purpose of the research is to study a location by accurately identifying the habitat, biotic and abiotic factors, human influen

4、ce and a food web. The location of this survey is the school garden. We were divided into several groups, each of the groups search different parts of the garden. This school garden locates in the eastern part of Zhengzhou Middle School, which next to the playground. There are many kinds of insects

5、and plants in this garden, so it provides a lot of objects for us to observe. The outcome of the research should include information about biotic things, abiotic things the signs of human influence, habitat and the environment. Also, the location that I have chosen is positive for these animals and

6、plants to grow. However, human influence is also causing the changes in this ecosystem. 2.0 MethodologyIn order to get the detailed information about the environment of this location, we spent a whole class of time to do the field trip. Every group includes four students to observe different kinds o

7、f plants. After that, we got together and dig a hole under a palm tree, and then we found two kinds of insects in the soil. We took notes about all of those things and search the English name for each of them. Finally, we search the internet websites to get the categories of these animals and plants

8、. I used the internet to understand the ecosystem of the survey location. We also asked out science teacher to get some informal names for the plants. The data that we have collected helped up know more details about the plants and animals except for their shape and names. We also search the interne

9、t to find similar pictures of these objectives to check if we have found the right name. 3.0 Findings3.1 Survey locationThe school garden was beside a road called Zinan road which neared the playground. The garden was divided into two separate parts by this road. There were many palm trees in the ga

10、rden. The grassland was also pretty green in this season. 3.2 Fawn and fauna classification This chart shows the objectives of this research. Table 1.0 kingdom of biotic thingskingdomphylaclassorderfamilygenusspeciesPalm treePlantae AngiospermaeMonocotyledoneaeArecalesPalmaeTrachycarpusfortuneiOsman

11、thus treePlantaeMagnoliophytaMagnoliopsidaLamialesOleaceaeOsmanthusfragransChinese rosePlantaeAngiospermaeDicotyledonsRosalesRosaceaeRosachinensisclover PlantaeMagnoliophytaMagnoliopsidaFabalesFabaceaeTrifolium T.repensPill bugAnimalia ArthropodaMalacostracaIsopodaArmadillidiidaeArmadillidiumvulgare

12、EarthwormAnimaliaAnnelidaClitellataHaplotaxidalumbricidaeLumbricusL.terrestrisThere are two kinds of trees: palm tree and osmanthus tree, two kinds of flowers: Chinese rose and clover, and two kinds of animals: pill bug and earthworm. Picture 4.0-Palm treePalm tree belongs to angiospermae phyla, mon

13、ocotyledoneae class, arecales order, palmae family, trachycarpus genus and fortunei specie. Picture 5.0-Osmanthus treeOsmanthus tree is in magnoliophyta phyla, magnolipsida class, lamiales order, oleaceae family, osmanthus genus and fragrans specie. Chinese rose and clover belongs both to angiosperm

14、ae phyla Dicotyledons class and Rosales order. Picture 6.0-Chinese roseChinese rose is in rosa genus and Chinsis specie. Picture 7.0-CloverClover is in trifolium genus and trifolium repens specie. Picture 8.0-Pill bugPill bug belongs to animalia kingdom, arthropoda phyla, malacostraca class, isopoda

15、 order, armadillidiidae family, armodillidium genus and vulgare specie. Picture 9.0-EarthwormEarthworm is in animalia kingdom, annelid phyla, clitellata class, haplotaxida order, lumbricidae family, lumbricus genus and lumbricus terrestris specie. 3.3 Food webDiagram 2.0 Food WebHawkBird Cat DogEart

16、hworm Pill bug snail watermelonGrass dead leaves palm tree Osmanthus tree Chinese rose CloverSunIn this food web, grass, dead leaves, palm tree, osmanthus tree, Chinese rose and clover is in the trophic level. Earthworm, pill bug, snail and watermelon are in the second trophic level, they are herbiv

17、ores and they eat plants from the trophic level. Bird, cat and dog are in the third trophic level, they are carnivores. Hawk is also a kind of carnivore. It can eat all the animals from the trophic levels below it. 3.4 Plant and animal distributionAs for the plant distribution, I think that there ar

18、e about six plants including bushes, flowers and trees in one square meter; the whole garden is about seventy square meters. So there are about 420 plants in this whole area. Also, there are about 3 insects in one square meter; so there are about 210 animals in this garden. 3.5 Quality of location e

19、nvironmentAccording to my own observation, the air was fine. It was cloudy in March 7; the temperature was about ten degree Celsius. It was a little cool but the air was pretty clear in the morning. In addition, it was rainy the week before that week, so the soil is very wet. A lot of earthworms cra

20、wled to the surface to breathe the air. 3.6 Human influenceWe found several signs of human influence. For example, glass chips, plastic bags and some cement bars. Some of them are not harmful for the growth of animals and plants, but I believe that the plastic bags may cause asphyxia to those small

21、animals. I saw that there are just one or two plastic bags in this garden, so I can reach a conclusion that the environment is positive for the plants and animals to live in. 3.7 Physical and chemical relationshipThe climate of Henan Province is temperature rainy climate; the difference of temperatu

22、re of different seasons is pretty drastic. Also, there are much more rainy days in summer than in winter. The soil keeps changing between wet and dry. So there are no evergreen trees in this area. The part of garden that near the road is less thick than the other part, because some students walk on

23、the grass and cause its death. Plus, the garden lies on a corner of the school, so people hardly come and there is little human influence. 4.0 DiscussionIn my opinion, the findings part has already explained the thesis statement at the beginning of this research. It also provides many details and ot

24、her background information about this topic. On the other hand, I also link some current researches and studies about this topic, so, in my point of view, the findings part has enough information for me to reach a conclusion. According to the findings, we have observed biotic factors, abiotic factor

25、s, human influence, the environment and habitat. However, there are some other issues that have impacts for this area. China has very serious water scarcity problem, especially in north part of China. (Hays 2008) People in Zhengzhou drink water from a nearby water reservoir and River Huang. However,

26、 because the weather is becoming drier and drier, rainy days in a year is also decreasing. Sometimes in spring or summer, the grass may stop growing and die because of the drought. Although the day that we did this survey is rather humid, the rest of the days of the month were cold and dry. So I sup

27、pose that the grassland must be short of humidity. Chinese government is now working to improve this issue, for example, there is a large program called south-to-north water diversion project. For more information about this project, see picture 3.0 in the appendices part. This program can transfer

28、the water from south part of China which is rich of rainfall to the north. (water-technology ND)The second problem is about the pest. It is obvious that there are a few birds in the school. So the insects here almost have no enemies, they may eat a lot of tree leaves, grass or flowers without contro

29、l. As a result, pest management inside of the school is also a serious problem. But if the school government uses chemicals or drugs to kill the insects, it will be really effective, but the environment may be damaged, and the balance will be broke. In order to solve this problem, the scientists in

30、China have created a new method which is a kind of all-natural pest control technology. (Environmental Graffiti 2008) Although it cannot be used in school now, after a few years development, this technology will be much more mature and plenty of people who are worried about this problem can get bene

31、fits. Those problems that I have mentioned before are environmental problems in Henan province that may have influence on the outcome of this research. As for the water problem for the garden, I have a solution that the school can hire some professional gardeners to take care of the flowers so that

32、the plants would not die because of shortage of water. 5.0 Conclusions and RecommendationsTo sum up, in this school garden, we have found two kinds of trees: palm tree and osmanthus tree, two kinds of flowers: Chinese rose and clover, and two kinds of animals: pill bug and earthworm. The environment

33、 is not seriously influenced by human activity. So the habitat has positive impacts on all of the biotic livings. This small ecosystem is positively influenced by students and teachers in this school. In my opinion, this research can reflect most parts of this province about the relationships betwee

34、n climate and plants, human activities and animals growth. Scientists can use the outcome of my research to evaluate the whole ecosystem situation of Henan Province and keep finding a better way to improve the environment of our home. There are some benefits of my solution. I suggest that the school can hire some gardeners to t