八年级英语下册Unit8 语法

1、unit 8 have you read treasure island yet,section a grammar focus,现在完成时态present perfect tense,grammar focus,现在完成时,结构： 主语+ have / has + 动词的过去分词,一般疑问句： have / has ? yes, i have. no, i havent. yes, she has. no, she hasnt,现在完成时,1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。和already，never,ever,just,before,yet等状语连用,动词构成：have/has+v

2、过去分词,have breakfast,i have just had my breakfast,现在我不饿,im not hungry now,moved here in 2004,i still live here,now,past,现在完成时的用法: (1)表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,i have already read treasure island,i have returned the book to the library,i have bought a new house,现在完成时的时间状语: (1) 用副词already和yet。already

3、一般用于肯定句中, yet一般用于否定句和疑问句中。 we have already finished our homework,we havent finished our homework yet,have you finished doing your homework yet,2) 用ever和never。多用于否定或疑问句中,表示“曾经”或“从未”等。 have you ever been to the great wall? 你曾经去过长城吗？ no, i have never been to the great wall. 不, 我从未去过长城,no, never. 不， 从来没

4、有,现在完成时的时间状语: (3) 用副词just和before。 i have just finished my homework,they have never visited the great wall before,have you ever been to hong kong before,4) 用表示到说话为止的过去时间状语, 如so far/up to now, in the past/ last few years等,so far we have learned seven units,deqing has changed a lot in the past / last f

5、ew years,ever,just,already,yet,e.g. have you _been to japan? i have _ finished my homework. i have finished my homework _. i havent finished my homework _,5）. just, already, yet, before/ ever, never有此 类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续,现在完成时：表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作或保存的状态，强调的是现在的情况，不能和表示过去的时间

6、状语连用（如：in 1990，last sunday 等,一般过去时：一般过去时只表示过去的动作或状态，和现在不发生关系（即动作或状态在现在已经结束），它可以和表示过去的时间状语连用,现在完成时与一般过去时的区别,have / has + v过去分词,现在完成时把过去的动作和现在的结果联系起来， 一般过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身, 与现在 的结果无关。现在完成时与一般过去时在意义上 的区别举例如下： i have cleaned my room. (my room is clean now.) 我已经打扫过我的房间了。 i cleaned my room last week. (i did

7、it in the past.) 我上周打扫了我的房间。 father has gone to amoy. (he went to amoy and he is not here now.) 爸爸已经去厦门了。 they have bought a dictionary. (they bought a dictionary and they have it now.) 他们买了一本字典,注意: 现在完成时不能和明确指出时间的状语 (如: yesterday, last, year, in 1976, two days ago, just now, when she came in 等)连用，

8、但可以和不明确指出时间的状语(如: already, yet, ever, never, sometimes, always, often, before, once, twice, recently, lately等)连用； 也可以和表示包括现在在内的时间状语(如： today, this morning, this week, this year等)连用,she has already finished her work. 她已经把工作做完了。 i havent read the story yet. 我还没读过这个故事。 have you met him before? 你从前曾见过他吗

9、？ lily has always been a good student. lily一直是个好学生。 比较： i have seen him this morning . 我上午看见他了。(说话时在上午) i saw him this morning. 今天上午我遇见了他。(说话时可能是下午或者晚上) it has been cold this winter. 今天冬天一直很冷。(说话时仍是冬天,next,把下列动词变成过去式和过去分词： read- - clean- - do- - watch- - eat- - wash- - go- - finish- - see- - arrive-

10、 - find- - start-,read,read,cleaned,did,cleaned,watched,watched,ate,eaten,washed,washed,went,gone,finished,finished,saw,seen,arrived,arrived,found,found,started,started,done,exercises,back,exercises: 1.i have already watched the game show.(改为否定句） i _ _ the game show _. 2.sally saw the film last week

11、.(改为现在完成时） sally _ _ the film before. 3.tom has already finished doing his homework.(改为一般疑问句） _ tom _doing his homework_? 4.have they washed the clothes yet?(做肯定回答） _,_ _. 5.has your brother eaten lunch? (做否定回答） _,_ _,havent,watched,yet,has,seen,has,finished,yet,yes,they,have,no,he,hasnt,fill in the

12、 blanks (用所给单词的适当形式填空) 1._you _(find) your english book yet? 2.i_(start) to make the plane an hour ago. but i_ (not finish) it yet. 3._ he _(arrive) at the train station yet? 4.when _ you _(read) the book? two days ago. 5.how clean the room! im sure that someone _(clean) it. 6._ you _(see) the film

13、harry potter? not yet. ill see it this sunday. 7.we _(go) to the zoo last weekend,have,found,started,havent finished,has,arrived,did,read,has cleaned,seen,went,have,句型转换 1. i have finished my homework. i _ _ my homework. (改为否定句) _ you _ your homework? (改为一般疑问句并作肯定回答) yes，_ _. 答案：1. havent finished h

14、ave；finished；i have,2. his dream has come true. (改为一般疑问句并作否定回答) - _ his dream _ true? - no，_ _ . 答案：2. has；come；it hasnt,单项选择。 ( )1. have you taken out the trash, belly? _. ill do it right away. a. sorry, i have b. no, i didnt c. no, i dont d. not yet ( )2. have you _ visited shanghai? no, _. a. eve

15、r; not b. never; not c. ever; never d. never; ever,d,c,)3. have you washed your clothes _? no, i havent. but i have cleaned the room _. a. ago; already b. yet; yet c. before; yet d. yet; already,d,中考链接,2010 .河北省卷,41. 1) my brother left school in 2005, and since then he in beijing. a. lives b. lived

16、c. will live d. has lived,d,)【2013广西贵港】 do you know the movie lost in thailand? yes. i _ it twice. its funny. a. saw b. see c. have seen d. will see,c,中考链接,)【2013黑龙江牡丹江】 lunch? no, thanks. i_. a. will eat b. am eating c. have eaten ( )【2013 湖北黄冈】 where is tom? we cant find him anywhere. perhaps he _

17、 home. a. has come b. is going c. went d. was going,c,a,1. i _heard of that story before. a. dont have b. not have c. have not d. not to have 2. she s never been to that factory,_? a. is she b. was she c. does she d. has she 3. have you made dumplings_? no, i havent. a. just now b. yesterday c. ago d. before,c,d,d,一 选择题,e