Unit5-First-aid-Grammar省略句语法ppt课件

1、Unit 5 Grammar,Ellipsis,为了使语言简洁或避免重复, 我们要怎样做呢? 本单元我们将接触一种新的语法现象,省略,为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可以省略。省略可分为以下几种情况,Grammar Ellipsis (省略,1) (You) Come in, please. 2) (I) See you tomorrow. 3) (I) Thank you for your help. 4) (I) Beg your pardon,简单句中的省略,1. 省略主语: 祈使句中的主语通常被省略;其他省略主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法,1) (It) Sounds a goo

2、d idea. 2) (Will you) Have a smoke? 3) (Would you like) Something to drink? 4) (You come) This way, please,2. 省略主语或谓语的一部分,可以省略宾语的全部; 可以省略作宾语的动词不定式, 只保留to,但如果该宾语是动词be或完成时态,则须在to后加上be或have,3. 省略宾语,1) -Do you know Miss Hu? -I dont know (her). 2) Dont touch anything unless the teacher tells you to (touc

3、h). 3) -Are you a teacher? -No, but I want to be (a teacher). 4) -He hasnt finished the task. -Well, he ought to have (finish it,Are you thirsty? -Yes, I am (thirsty). 2) His brother isnt lazy. Nor is his sister (lazy,4. 省略表语,1) - Are you feeling better now? - (Im feeling) Better (now). 2) - When di

4、d you read the novel? - (I read it) Long ago. 3) Lets meet at the school gate as the same as (we met) yesterday,5. 同时省略几个句子成分,两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句中相同的部分,1) My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. 2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school. 3) Lins father was not at home,

5、but his mother was (at home,并列句中的省略,1) (Im) Sorry to hear that you are ill. 2) (Its a) Pity that you missed such a good chance,主从复合句中的省略,1. 主句中有主语和谓语被省略,They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents,The sooner (you do it), the better (it will be,2. 省略从句中与主句相同的部分,3. 主句

6、与从句各有一些成分被省略,1. 连词的that省略,1)宾语从句中常省略that, 但多个宾语 从句并列时, 通常只省略第一个that,He said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart,2)在定语从句中that在作宾语时才能省略,The book (that) I borrowed yesterday was hers,其他省略,2. 在某些状语从句中,当从句的主语与主句的主语一致或者从句主语为it，且从句谓语部分有be动词时,可省去“主语+be”部分,1 When (he was)

7、still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night. 2 As (he was) a child, he lived in India. 3 If (you are) asked you may come in. 4 Though (he is) young, he knows a lot,3. 不定式符号to的省略,1)并列的不定式可省去后面的 to。 I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. (2) help 当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾 补的不定式符号to可带可不带。 I will help

8、(to) do it for you. I will help you (to) do it. (3)介词but前若有动词do, 后面不定式不 带to。 The boy did nothing but play,4) 某些使役动词（let, make, have）及感官动词（see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去 to, 但在被动语态中须将to 复原。 I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from

9、 the tree. The boss made us work 12 hours a day. We were made to work 12 hours a day,5) 主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的不定式的 to可带可不带。 What we can do now is (to) wait. (6) find 当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的不定式符号to可带可不带。 We found him (to) work very hard at the experiment. 但如果是不定式 to be，则不能省略。 She found him to be dishonest,4.条件从

10、句中有should, were或had时,可以省略if,但要将should, were或had提至句首。 If I were you, I would give it up. Were I you, I would give it up. If it were not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties. Were it not for your advice, we couldnt have got over the difficulties,If I had had time, I would have ru

11、n round that lake again. Had I had time, I would have run round that lake again. If there should be a flood, what should we do? Should there be a flood, what should we do,Now its your turn to find out what have been left out,1. Havent seen you for ages. 2. Some more tea? 3. Sounds like a good idea,I

12、 havent seen you for ages,Would you like some more tea,That/It sounds like a good idea,It doesnt matter,Im sorry to hear that,4. Doesnt matter. 5. Sorry to hear that,6. Pity you couldnt come 7. This way, please,Its / What a pity you couldnt come,Step / Come this way, please,8. Terrible weather! 9. J

13、oining us for a drink? 10. Going to the supermarket,What terrible weather it is,Are you joining us for a drink,Are you going to the supermarket,Choose the best answers,1)-Tomorrow is a holiday. Why are you doing your homework? -I am doing these exercises now so that I wont have _ on Sunday. A. it B.

14、 them C. for D. to,2)-Shall I invite Ann to my birthday party tomorrow evening? -Yes. Itll be fine if you_. A. are B. can C. invite D. do 3)- Arent you the manager? - No, and I_ A.dont want to B. dont want to be C. dont want be D. dont want,4)-Ill be away on a business trip. Would you mind looking a

15、fter my cat? -Not at all. _. A. Ive no time B. Id rather not C. Id like it D. Id be glad to 5)- Wont you have another try? - _. A. Yes, I will have B. Yes, I wont have C. Yes, I wont D. Yes, I will,6)-I wont do it any more. -_? A. Why not B. Why dont do any more C. Why not do D. Why dont,7)-Do you t

16、hink it will snow tomorrow? -_. A.I dont think B. No, I dont think C. I dont think so D. No, I dont so 8)-Have you fed the cat? -No, but_. A. Im B. I am C. Im just going D. Im just going to,The house rent is expensive, Ive got about half the space I had at home and Im paying _ here. A. as three time

17、s much B. as much three times C. much as three times D. three times as much,高考链接,D,解析：答案D。修饰比较级的threetimes只能置于比较结构之前，不能置于其后或其中；本题中比较状语从句部分被省略,2. What would have happened _ , as far as the river bank? A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked f

18、arther,C,解析：答案C。what would have happened暗示后面，使用虚拟语气，且与过去事实相反；当if省略时，可将were/had/should提前，构成部分倒装；用if从句表达则是if Bob had walked farther 题意：如果鲍勃走得更远些，走到河岸边会发生什么事呢,3. Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained,A,解析：答案A。explain作“解释”讲为及物动词，须接宾语；此处关系代词that或which被省略；why引导定语从句时，在句中作状语，相当于for which,4. The disc, digitally _ in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. A. recorded B. recording