动词用法大全

1、时态： 高考常见的8 种时态。关键记忆构成不同时态的时间状语（如last, yesterday 用一般过去式）主动语态常见时态的被动语态的构成语态被动语态（ be done ）非谓语动词得被动语态构成一般语气（陈述语气）= 常见时态的构成感叹句（感叹名词、形容词）是动词要考虑It is/was + 被强调部分 +that/who+ 从句语气助动词（相应时态） +动词原形强调句I do care about your feeling.(我 的确 在乎你的感受 )倒装句If引导的条件状语从句虚拟语气非谓语动词一坚持；二命令；三建议；四要求；外加recommend, urge特殊句式中虚拟语气如何变

2、化谓语动词to do：目的，将来主语，宾语，定语，表语，状语，补语doing: 主动，进行主语，宾语，定语，表语，状语，补语done: 被动，过去完成表语，定语，状语，补语引言：英语中语气、 语态的变化都是通过动词变形实现的， 所以掌握动词的变形举足轻重。切记：要把示意动词充当谓语和非谓语动词要分开， 非谓语顾名思义已经不是谓语动词了，所以它的用法和变形与动词时态是不一样的！记住： to do: 目的，将来，具体行为doing ：主动，进行，一般行为done: 被动，完成，过去非谓语不定式 (to do)动名词（现在分词）过去分词类型目的，将来（doing）主动，进行（ done）过去，完成充

3、当句主语，宾语，定语， 主语，宾语，定语，定语，状语，子成分表语，状语，补语表语，状语，补语补语 ,表语一般式to do /doing/doneto be done(被动 )being done(被动 )to have done/having done/完成式to have been donehaving been done( 被动)否定式Not to doNot doingNot done非谓语动词（to do, doing ,done）句中充当得成分以及变形 （务必牢记）：下面我们分门别类的讨论不同结构及用法：动名词（doing）作主语1)Reading is an art.阅读是门艺术。

4、Seeing is believing.眼见为实。改错： Play Taiji benefits our health.Playing Taiji benefits our health.（动词原形不能直接作主语，做主语要把动词名词化，变成doing 或 to do）2)It is + no use, no good (fun, a great pleasure, a waste of time, a bore.) 等名词+doing sth.It is no use crying.哭没有用。It is no good objecting.反对也没有用。It is a great fun pl

5、aying football 打篮球很有趣。It is a waste of time trying to explain 设法解释是浪费时间。3) It is + useless (nice, good，interesting, expensive 等形容 )+ doing sth It is useless speaking光. 没用。It is nice seeing you again真高 又遇到了你。It is good playing chess after supper晚 后弈棋挺好。 It is expensive running this car开 种小 是浪 。动词不定式（

6、 to do）作主语（具体的 /个 的或将来的 作，多用不定式作主 ）To read this book is very interesting.To be a teacher is his dream.动名词作宾语1）只能跟 名 作 的 有：Suggest, finish, avoid, can 禁t不help(住)，mind, enjoy, require, practice, miss, excuse, pardon, advise, consider, keep, leave off, put off, keep on, give up + doingeg. He tries to a

7、void making mistakes.The man missed being chose by that world-famous company.2）begin, start, like, love, hate, propose, prefer, dislike, continue, want, need, stop, forget, remember, regret, try, delay, go ondoing ( 正在做的 )（like, dislike, love + doing 一般性的 好）（go on, stop, continue + doing一件事情）+to do

8、（去做）（like, dislike, love + to do 某次具体的 作）（ go on, stop, continue + to do两件事情）切 ：remember doing remember to do做 去做mean doing 意味着mean to do 打算做try doing try to do 着做 做forget doingforget to do忘 做 忘 去做regret doing 后悔做 regret to do 后悔去做 3） want, need, require 表示“需要 ”want物 +need+ doing(=to be done)require

9、His clothes needed mending (to be mended).These young trees will require looking after.动词不定式作宾语Wish, hope, agree, ask, promise, decide, expect, manage, offer, pretend, plan, refuse, care, fail, afford, determine 等 + to do.Did you agree to go to the park yesterday afternoon?Everybody wishes to have g

10、ood health.动名词(现在分词 )作表语1) My job is teaching.His hobby is believing .Our work is serving the people. （表示抽象的、一般的 作）2) 在分 作表 ，表示主 的性 特征， “令人 ”，常 的 有 moving,amusing, astonishing, frightening, relaxing, shocking, worrying等。eg. The news she brought us was veryexciting.动词不定式作表语eg. Our work is to serve th

11、e people. (表示具体的、将来的某次 作)His dream is to travel across the wild island in the world.前置定 名 （ doing ） （a walking stick, boilin g water, afalling leaf, asleeping baby）-主 ， 行 去分 （ done）（ a fallen leaf, a broken watch, boiled water, afinished task）- 被 ，完成 不定式(to do)（I have many letters to write . (to wri

12、te many letters)We have made a planto learn from LeiFeng.Thats the way to doit. ）- 目的，将来动名词（ doing ）the children playing the park(the children who are playing the park)后置定语（本质上是省略了引导词和系动词的定语从句）过去分词（ done）a book written in 17 C(a book which is written in 17 C)动词不定式 (to do) a building to be built next

13、 month (a building which is to be built next month)第一类：两动作由同一主语发出，把前面动作处理成分词引导状语从句。现在分词 doing表示时间，原因，让步等状语。-与主语是主动进行。1.Being sick, he didn t go to work（原.因状语）2.Having no money, I borrowed some from Johan.（原因状语）3.The Iraq War went on for months,killing a lot of ordinary people. （结果状语）4.Seeing from th

14、e top of tower, I saw a beautiful city of Paris. （时间状语）5.Walking along the bank, I met a friend. （时间状语）6.They came into the classroom,singing and laughing.（伴随状语）过去分词 done 表示时间，让步等状语。-与主语是被动完成 ( 过去 )。1.Given another chance, I m sure I will be successful.2.Seen from the top of the tower, Paris looks r

15、eally beautiful.3.Followed by a dog, the old man often takes a walk in the park.动词不定式 to do 表示目的，将来状语作状语。-与主语是目的将来。1.To finish the job on time, I have to hurry my steps.2.To reach the airport to see my sister off, I have to take a lift.第二类：前后句意不是同一个逻辑主语时，把前面表示时间、问题、天气、事物的名词或代词后的动词处理成分词引导状语从句： 分词的独立主

16、格结构。1.The problem solved, he went back home. 问( 被解决 )2.Time permitting , we will go outing this weekend. （ 允 ）3.The report having been read, a lively discussion began. （ 告被 完）动名词(doing) 作补语主动，进行1）doing 作 和前面的 其 形成 上的主 关系。I found a bag lying on the ground.The bosskept the workers working the whole ni

17、ght.4) 用 doing 形式作 的 有：a. 感官 ： see, hear, feel, smell, find, notice, observe, look at, listen to,等。 I see him stealing money from the women.Can you smell anything burning ?注意：感官 +宾语 +doing 作正在 行do（原形） 作完成we heard the telephonering .we heard the telephoneringing.b. 使役性 ： have, set, keep, get, catch,

18、leave, let, make I won havet you doing that.我不能容忍你那么做。I m sorry tohave keep you waiting .动词不定式 (to do)作宾补目的，将来1） “ +宾语 +（not ） to do ”， 有：advise，allow ，ask，beg，cause，direct，encourage，expect，forbid ，force，invite ，order， permit，persuade， remind， request， require，teach，tell ，want， warn 等。2） “ +宾语 +to b

19、e ”， 有：consider，declare，discover，feel，find ， suppose等。I know him to be a liar.I suppose him to be away from home.3）“ +宾语 +do” ,这 有：feel， have，hear，let， make， notice，observe， see， watch 等。 有两个 ：listen to， look at.例如：She wont let me do it.I heard her lock the door.We watched the children play games.注意

20、 :这类句子变为被动结构时，不定式前加to。 例如：A child was seen to enter the building.She was often heard to sing this song.3）help 后的不定式可加 to，也可不加 to( 美国人不加 to 时较多 )，但被动结构中要加 to。例如：Ill help you(to) push the cart.被动语态为： Youll be helped to push the cart.4）“动词 +介词短语 +to do ”I depend on you to do it.I am counting on you to

21、help me through.此类动词还有： shout to sb.to do，call on sb. to do，count on sb. to do，depend on sb. to do，wait for sb. to do 等。练习：1.They knew her very well. They had seen her _ up from childhood. (1988全国 )A. growB. grewC. was growingD.to grow2.The teacher asked us _ so much noise. (2003北京 )A. dont makeB. n

22、ot makeC. not makingD. not to make3.My advisor encouraged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (2004北京 )A. for me taking B.me taking C. for me to take D.me to take 4.The flu is believed _ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside thehuman nose and throat. (2004上海 )A. causingB.

23、 being causedC.to be causedD.to have caused5. -Is Bob still performing ？-Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official. (2005江苏 )A.to have leftB.to leaveC.to have been leftD.to be left6.The mother felt herself _ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the

24、 battlefield. (2006 上海 )A. growB. grownC.to growD.to have grown7.Energy drinks are not allowed _ in Australia but are brought in from NewZealand. (2006上海 )A.to makeB.to be madeC.to have been madeD.to be making过去分词(done)作宾补被动，过去（ 1）表示感觉和心理状态_感官 _动词，如： see, hear, watch, feel, think, find, notice, listen toA. I find my money stolen.B. He watched the balloon blown away.C. He was about to enter the hall when heheard his name called.归纳： see, watch, hear, not