2014·新课标高考总复习·英语阅读理解专项攻略十科普知识类.ppt

1、阅读理解题主要考查考生对书面语篇的整体领悟能力和接受及处理具体信息的能力。试题的取材，密切联系当前我国和世界经济、科技等方面的变化，有关数据的来源真实可信。因此科普知识类文章是每年的必考题。分析历年的科普类文章我们不难发现以下特点： 1文章逻辑性强，条理清楚，语法结构简单，用语通俗。 2文章内容注重科技领域的新发现。内容新颖，从而使文章显得陌生，内容抽象复杂。 3命题方面注意对具体细节的准确理解和以之为依据的推理判断。 4以人们的日常行为或饮食健康入手，探讨利弊，诠释过程，阐述概念,ScienceDaily (June 18,2012) An experimental vaccine(疫苗)

2、developed to prevent outbreaks of Marburg(马尔堡病毒) hemorrhagic(出血的) fever continues to show promise in monkeys as an emergency treatment for accidental exposures to the virus that causes the disease.There is no licensed treatment for Marburg infection，which has a high fatality rate. In a study of rhes

3、us macaques(恒河猴)，5 of 6 monkeys survived a fatal dose of Marburg virus when treated 24 hours after infection，and 2 of 6 survived when treated 48 hours after infection.Because rhesus macaques typically die of Marburg infection faster than humans，the postexposure treatment window might be extended eve

4、n further in humans，the study authors say. The study，overseen by a scientific team from the National Institutes of Health and three other groups with expertise in viral hemorrhagic fevers，was posted online by the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases,Developing safe，effective，and rapidly effective po

5、stexposure treatments for filoviruses (丝状病毒) is an important scientific priority for our Institute，”says Anthony SFauci，M.D.，director of NIHs National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)“The vaccine used in this study is among several novel approaches to treating filoviruses that sh

6、ow great potential.” The fact that three of the rhesus macaques in the current study showed evidence of Marburg virus in periodic blood tests，but later cleared the virus from their systems and survived，is particularly satisfying to Dr.Feldmann and Tom Geisbert，Ph.D.，of Boston University.In addition,

7、14 days after infection，all of the rhesus macaques that survived showed moderate to high levels of antibodies(抗体)against Marburg virus.The scientists view this as proof that the vaccine worked as hoped,1What would be the best title of this passage? AEvidence of Marburg Virus in Periodic Blood Tests

8、BSeveral Novel Approaches to Treating Filoviruses CA Lethal Dose of Marburg Virus in Humans DExperimental Marburg Vaccine Prevents Disease Two Days After Infection 2According to the passage，there is a scientific team from _ inspecting the study. Athe journal ScienceDaily Bthe journal Emerging Infect

9、ious Diseases CNational Institutes of Health DBoston University,3The underlined word in Paragraph 2 most probably means _. Aa kind of virus Ba specified quantity Ca kind of treatment Da type 4From the passage，which of the following statements is RIGHT? AThere is no treatment for Marburg infection. B

10、Marburg belongs to filoviruses. CThere is only one approach to treating filoviruses. DAll of the rhesus macaques that survived the infection. 5This passage can be classified as _. Aan advertisement Ba book review Ca feature story Da news report,语篇解读】本文是科技新闻。文章主要介绍了研究马尔堡病病毒疫苗的突破性成果。 1. D主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了

11、对马尔堡病病毒疫苗的研究成果。 2C细节理解题。根据文章第三段中The study，overseen by a scientific team from the National Institutes of Health and three other groups with expertise in viral hemorrhagic fevers，即可判断。 3. B词义猜测题。根据fatal以及of Marburg virus可判断为病毒的剂量，而表示数量含义的只有B项。 4. B推理判断题。此题根据作者首先介绍对马尔堡病毒治疗的实验，而接着第四段开头却说发明了丝状病毒的症候治疗，说明马

12、尔堡病毒属于丝状病毒科,5D推理判断题。根据文章开头中ScienceDaily (June 18,2012)即可判断为科学新闻报道。 【难句分析】 原文The study，overseen by a scientific team from the National Institutes of Health and three other groups with expertise in viral hemorrhagic fevers，was posted online by the journal Emerging Infectious Diseases. 译文这个研究由国立卫生研究院的科学小组和3个其它研究病毒性出血热的专家小组监查，并由Emerging Infectious Diseases杂志把研究成果发布在了网上