U5Grammar-Ellipsis

1、Ellipsis Unit 5 First aid,Grammar,By Li Yunshan,You can get burned by hot liquids and you can also get burned by steam. 2. Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area, when a bandage is necessary. 3. First degree burns turn white when they are pressed. 4. Second degree burns are not so serious and shou

2、ld feel better within a day or two days. 5. Second degree burns affect the top layer of the skin and they also affect the second layer of the skin,Revision: True or False,T,T,T,F,T,A You can get burned by hot liquids and you can also get burned by steam. B. You can get burned by hot liquids and stea

3、m. 2. A. Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area, when a bandage is necessary. B. Tie a bandage firmly over the burnt area, when necessary. 3. A. First degree burns turn white when they are pressed. B. First degree burns turn white when pressed,主语和谓语,主语和谓语,主语和谓语,Discovery : Find out the differences

4、 between A and B,4. A. Second degree burns are not so serious and they should feel better within a day or two days. B. Second degree burns are not so serious and should feel better within a day or two. 5. A. Second degree burns affect the top layer of the skin and they also affect the second layer o

5、f the skin. B. Second degree burns affect both the top and the second layer of the skin,主语，重复的词,主语, 宾语,Ellipsis,Grammar,1. 省略句的定义,省略是为了避免重复、突出新信息并使 上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段,2. 句子成分的省略,省略前提: 主谓宾, 定状表, 如有重复可删掉,省略原则: 词语省略后, 不致令人费解,省略类型： 1. 心照不宣型 (用于祈使句和某些现成的简单句中)； 2. 承前省后型 (用于对话、并列句和动词不定式中)； 3. 可有可无型 ( 用于宾语从句中

6、的that、定语从句中作 宾语的whom, which, that和某些状语从句中,1. 省略主语: 祈使句中的主语通常被省略; 其他省略的主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法,1) (You) Come in, please. (2) ( I ) See you tomorrow. (3) ( I ) Thank you for your help. (4) ( I ) Beg your pardon,简单句中的省略,Practice: Take out the unnecessary parts of the following sentences.(P37 Ex 2,The burn that

7、 she got from the iron was red and it was very painful. A boy was on the left side of the sick woman, and a girl was on the right side of the sick woman. She has a daughter who is in hospital. He went to the doctor because he had to go to the doctor. Did she pass the first aid test that she did yest

8、erday or didnt she pass? She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not to send him to hospital,Take out the unnecessary parts of the following sentences,When your nose is bleeding, you should bend forward so that the blood runs out of your nose and the blood doesnt run down your throat

9、. Only some of the students have done a first aid course but most of the students havent done a first aid course,The burn she got from the iron was red and very painful. A boy was on the left side of the sick woman, and a girl on the right. She has a daughter in hospital. He went to the doctor becau

10、se he had to,Suggested answers,Did she pass the first aid test she did yesterday or not? She could not decide whether to send him to hospital or not. When your nose is bleeding, bend forward so the blood runs out of your nose and not down your throat. Only some of the students have done a first aid

11、course but most havent,These sentences are correct. However, one or more words have been left out .Rewrite each sentence to include the missing words.(P37 Ex 3,1.The temple surrounded by a wall belongs to the local government. 2.The first book I read this term was more interesting than the second. 3

12、.To her teachers surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than expected. 4.I dont think they have returned from the hospital, but they might have. 5.He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt. 6.You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to,The temple which is surrounded by

13、a wall belongs to the local government. The first book that I read this term was more interesting than the second book that I read this term. To her teachers surprise, she did better in her first aid exam than she was expected to do . I dont think they have returned from the hospital ,but they might

14、 have returned from the hospital. He wanted to help the accident victim but his friend didnt want to help the accident victim. You can borrow my first aid notes if you want to borrow my first aid notes,1. 省略主语: 祈使句中的主语通常被省略; 其他省略的主语的情况多限于少数现成的说法,1) (You) Come in, please. (2) ( I ) See you tomorrow.

15、(3) ( I ) Beg your pardon,简单句中的省略,2. 省略主语或谓语的一部分,简单句中的省略,1) (There is) No smoking. (2) (Will you) Have a smoke? (3) Why (do you) not say hello to him? (4) How (do you think) about a cup of tea? (5) (You come) this way, please,3. 省略宾语：可省略宾语的全部；可省略作宾语 的动词不定式，只保留to，但如果该宾语是动词 be或完成时态，则须在to后加上be或have,Do

16、you know Miss Hu? -I dont know (her). (2) Dont touch anything unless the teacher tells you to (touch). (3) -Are you a teacher? -No, but I want to be (a teacher). (4) -He hasnt finished the task. -Well, he ought to have (finish it,4. 省略表语,Are you thirsty? -Yes, I am (thirsty). His brother is lazy. No

17、r is his sister (lazy,并列句中的省略,两个并列分句中，后一分句常省略与前一分句 中相同的部分,My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. (2) I study at college and my sister (studies) at high school. (3) Lins father was not at home, but his mother was (at home,主从复合句中的省略,1. 主句中有一些主谓被省略,Im) Sorry to hear that you are ill. (2) (It

18、s) a pity that you missed such a good chance,2. 省略从句中与主句相同的部分,They do not visit their parents as much as they ought to (visit their parents,3. 主句与从句各有一些成分被省略,The sooner (you do it) , the better (it will be,其他省略,1. 连词that的省略,宾语从句中常省略连词that。 I know he is a student. (2) 在定语从句中，that在从句中作宾语时可省略。另外， 凡是进行时

19、态和被动语态的定语从句都可省略关系代词 和be 动词。 He likes the songs (that) Andy Lau sings. He likes the songs (that are) sung by Andy Lau,that,2. 在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的 主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分,1) When still a boy of 10, he had to work day and night,2) She tried her best though rather poor in health,3) While cycling, dont forget

20、the traffic lights. 骑车时, 不要忘记看红绿灯,you are,you,he was,she was,3. 不定式符号to的省略,1) 并列的不定式可省去后面的 to。 I told him to sit down and wait for a moment. 2) help 当“帮助”讲时, 后面的宾语或宾补的 不定式符号to可带可不带。 I will help (to) do it for you. I will help you (to) do it. (3) 介词but前若有动词do, 后面的不定式不带 to. The boy did nothing but pla

21、y,4) 某些使役动词（let, make, have）及感官动词 （see, watch, hear, notice, observe, feel, look at, listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定 要省去 to，但在被动语态中须将to 复原。 I saw the boy fall from the tree. The boy was seen to fall from the tree. The boss made us work 12 hours a day. We were made to work 12 hours a day,5) 主语从句中有动词do，后面作表语的不定式 的to可带可不带。 What we can do now is (to) wait. 6) find 当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语的 不定式符号to可带可不带。 We