2020-2021年高考英语完形填空专练Chapter 8

1、2020-2021年高考英语完形填空专练Chapter 8No. 1(2020. 广东省肇庆市2020届高三毕业班第三次检测英语试题)Angela McQueen had a routine when shes on lunch-monitoring duty. The longtime math teacher at Mattoon High School in Mattoon, Illinois, kept an eye on the hundreds of students in her _1_by walking around the school _2_when a 14-year-

2、old boy standing not far from her pulled out a_3_Oh! Hes going to start shooting. She said to herself, School employees had been trained on how to handle_4_ shooters: Attack their ability to_5_So with the shooters finger on the trigger( 扳机), McQueen lunged at him. _6_his arm, she forced the gun shoo

3、t into the_7_. As the students ran for the _8_ hearing the sound, McQueen pressed the shooter with help from the school officer, who_9_the boy and took him into custody(监禁)._10_police arrived minutes later. Afterward, McQueen went outside to_11_her shaken students.“Its, the mama-bear_12_,”she told t

4、he local paper, the Pantagraph.“I dont have kids of my own, but these are still my kids. Youre not going to do this to my kids.”Thanks to McQueen, a story that has_13_ tragically at far too many schools across the country has a_14_ending. “If it hadnt been for her, the situation would have been a lo

5、t _15_, ”Police Chief Jeff Branson said at a news _16_As one _17_student told CBS News, “Ms. McQueen is a _18_.”According to years of research, school shooters have things_19_，But what the rest of us have is_20_and bravery.1. A. control B. domain C. charge D. view2 A. gym B. playground C. library D.

6、 cafeteria3. A. club B. gun C. knife D. sheet4. A. active B. skeptical C. potential D. crazy5. A. trigger B. aim C. decide . D. pull6. A. Blowing B. Finding C. Grasping D. Attacking7. A. crowd B. students C. air D. staff8. A. classrooms B. entrances C. hallways D. exits9. A. noticed B. disarmed C. d

7、iscovered D. caught10. A. until B. when C. unless D. though11. A. inform B. observe C. comfort D. call12. A. sense B. quality C. attitude D. purpose13. A. taken up B. shown off C. given away D. played out14. A. happy B. sad C. wonderful D. spectacular15. A. difficult B. different C. controversial D.

8、 similar16. A. expression B. reference C. conference D. paper17. A. excited B. impressed C. satisfied D. exhausted18. A. teacher B. mother C. lady D. hero19. A. in common B. in public C. in danger D. in vain20. A. despair B. hug C. care . D. hope【答案解析】 1-5 CDBAB 6-10 CCDBA 11-15 CADAB 16-20 CBDAD 这是

9、一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是午餐期间发生的一起校园枪击案。这次枪击案多亏了Ms. McQueen，没有造成悲剧的发生，她是一个英雄。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位在伊利诺伊州马顿市马顿高中(Mattoon High School)任教多年的数学老师在学校的自助餐厅里走来走去，密切关注着她所教的数百名学生，就在这时，站在她不远处的一名14岁男孩掏出了一把枪。A. control控制；B. domain领域；C. charge掌管，费用，控告；D. view视野。此处指老师掌管学生。故选C。【2题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位在伊利诺伊州马顿市马顿高中(Mattoon High Scho

10、ol)任教多年的数学老师在学校的自助餐厅里走来走去，密切关注着她所教的数百名学生，就在这时，站在她不远处的一名14岁男孩掏出了一把枪。A. gym体育；B. playground运动场；C. library图书馆；D. cafeteria自助餐厅。根据第1句中的shes on lunch-monitoring duty可知，这是午饭时间，所以应该在自助餐厅。故选D。【3题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位在伊利诺伊州马顿市马顿高中(Mattoon High School)任教多年的数学老师在学校的自助餐厅里走来走去，密切关注着她所教的数百名学生，就在这时，站在她不远处的一名14岁男孩掏出了一把

11、枪。A. club俱乐部；B. gun枪；C. knife刀子；D. sheet床单。根据下文的Hes going to start shooting.可知，男孩掏出了一把手枪。故选B。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她对自己说，学校的员工已经接受了如何对付活跃枪手的训练:攻击他们的瞄准能力。A. active积极的，活跃的；B. skeptical怀疑的；C. potential潜在的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据第5空后的So with the shooters finger on the trigger( 扳机),可知，此处指活跃抢手的训练。故选A。【5题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句

12、意：她对自己说，学校的员工已经接受了如何对付活跃枪手的训练:攻击他们的瞄准能力。A. trigger触发，引起；B. aim瞄准，目的在于；C. decide 决定；D. pull拉。根据第5空前的Attack their ability可知，此处指瞄准能力。故选B。【6题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住他的胳膊，用力把枪向空中开了一枪。A. Blowing吹；B. Finding找到；C. Grasping抓住；D. Attacking攻击。根据第6空后的his arm, she forced the gun shoot可知，此处指抓住男孩的胳膊。故选C。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句

13、意：她抓住他的胳膊，用力把枪向空中开了一枪。A. crowd人群；B. students学生；C. air天空，空气；D. staff职员。根据第7空前的forced the gun shoot into可知，此处指向空中开枪。故选C。【8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当学生们听到声音跑向出口时，麦奎因在校官的帮助下向枪手施压，校官解除了男孩的武装并将其拘留。A. classrooms教室；B. entrances入口；C. hallways走廊；D. exits出口。根据第8空前后的内容As the students ran for the _8_ hearing the sound可知，

14、学生应该是向出口跑去。故选D。【9题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当学生们听到声音跑向出口时，麦奎因在校官的帮助下向枪手施压，校官解除了男孩的武装并将其拘留。A. noticed注意到；B. disarmed缴械；C. discovered发现；D. caught抓住。根据第9空后的took him into custody可知，把男孩的枪缴械。故选B。【10题详解】考查状语从句引导词。句意：直到几分钟后警察赶到。A. until直到为止；B. when当时候；C. unless除非；D. though尽管。结合句意，此处是until引导的时间状语从句。故选A。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。

15、句意：之后，麦昆走到外面去安慰她那些受到惊吓的学生。A. inform告知；B. observe观察；C. comfort安慰；D. call呼叫。根据第11空后的her shaken students.可知，去安慰受惊吓的孩子们。故选C。【12题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是妈妈熊（俚语：女警察 ）的感觉。A. sense感觉；B. quality质量，品质；C. attitude态度；D. purpose目的。根据第12空下文I dont have kids of my own, but these are still my kids. Youre not going to do th

16、is to my kids.可知，McQueen安慰孩子们这是妈妈的感觉。故选A。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：多亏了麦昆，这个在全国太多学校上演的悲剧有了一个圆满的结局。A. taken up拿起，从事；B. shown off炫耀；C. given away赠送；D. played out结束，失去作用。根据第14空下文If it hadnt been for her, the situation would have been可知，悲剧结束。故选D。【14题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：多亏了麦昆，这个在全国太多学校上演的悲剧有了一个圆满的结局。A. happy高兴的；B. s

17、ad伤心的；C. wonderful极好的，精彩的；D. spectacular壮观的。根据第15空前的If it hadnt been for her, the situation would have been a lot可知，结局是圆满的。故选A。【15题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果没有她，情况会大不一样。A. difficult困难的；B. different不相同的；C. controversial有争议的；D. similar相似的。根据第15空前的If it hadnt been for her, the situation would have been a lot可知

18、，此处指没有她，情况会不一样。故选B。【16题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：警察局长杰夫布兰森在新闻发布会上说。A. expression表达，表情；B. reference参考；C. conference会议，讨论；D. paper纸，文件。根据第16空前的at a news可知此处指新闻发布会。故选C。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一位印象深刻的学生告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，“Ms. McQueen是个英雄。”A. excited感到兴奋的；B. impressed 印象深刻的；C. satisfied感到满意的；D. exhausted精疲力尽的。此处指对Ms. McQueen

19、印象深刻的学生。故选B。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位印象深刻的学生告诉哥伦比亚广播公司新闻，“Ms. McQueen是个英雄。”A. teacher教师；B. mother妈妈；C. lady女士；D. hero英雄。根据第15空前的If it hadnt been for her, the situation would have been a lot可知，Ms. McQueen是一个英雄。故选D。【19题详解】考查词组。句意：根据多年的研究，校园枪击案有一些共同点。A. in common共同的；B. in public公共的；C. in danger处于危险中；D. in

20、vain徒然，无效。根据第19空前According to years of research, school shooters have things可知，此处指校园枪击案有共同点。故选A。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我们其余的人拥有的是希望和勇气。A. despair绝望；B. hug 拥抱；C. care 关心；D. hope希望。根据第20空后的bravery.与之并列的应该是hope。故选D。No. 2(2020. 广东省江门市高三一模)Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it cover

21、ed ankle-deep in plastic waste.Thats a total of about 19 billion pounds of_1_. And according to one of the best estimates available, thats how much plastic waste_2_in our oceans every year.Were being_3_by our waste,” said Jenna Jam beck, an/a _4_engineer who led the 2015 study that announced this sh

22、ocking number. According to Jambecks research, this_5_will double by 2025 unless something is done,_6_and at a global scale, to stop the tide of garbage.Plastic has in many ways been a good help to humanity, used in all walks of _7_from medical equipment to parts of airplanes. _8_some of the very tr

23、aits (特性)that have made plastics so popular have also made them a_9_ problem in our landfills and oceans. Today， plastics are the No. 1 type of trash found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy, a nonprofit environmental advocacy group that organizes a yearly_10_cleanup event in more than 150 countries worl

24、dwide, said plastic pieces _11_around 85 percent of all the garbage collected from beaches waterways and oceans and thats just the stuff we can _12_.Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to _13_at least 600 different wildlife _14_. One in three leatherback turtles, which often _15_plastic bag

25、s for edible(可吃的) jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies. In 2017, a _16_ whale beached on Norways coast had 30 plastic bags in its_17_. Ninety percent of seabirds are now eating _18_on a regular basis. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 100 percent.And its not _19_ wildli

26、fe thats threatened by the plastics in our seas. A growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat.With this in mind，experts say that all of us have a _20_role to play in relieving the issue in ways both big and small.1. A. seaweed B. seafood C. garbage D.

27、money2. A. comes from B. ends up C. takes out D. put away3. A. trapped B. controlled C. surrounded D. destroyed4. A. medical B. technical C. agricultural D. environmental5. A. figure B. waste C. price D. cost6. A. swiftly B. slowly C. hurriedly D. unexpectedly7. A. time B. education C. technology D.

28、 life8. A. While B. So C. But D. And9. A. changing B. growing C. moving D. touching10. A. scientific B. coastal C. general D. tiny11. A. picks up B. takes up C. makes up D. brings up12. A. see B. eat C. hide D. search13. A. influence B. damage C. increase D. threaten14. A. plants B. animals C. prote

29、ction D. species15. A. mistake B. look C. regard D. recognize1. A. vivid B. deadly C. dead D. lively17. A. mouth B. stomach C. head D. tail18. A. waste B. rubbish C. nothing D. plastics19. A. just B. always C. really D. constantly20. A. unique B. critical C. reasonable D. natural【答案解析】 1-5 CBCDA 6-1

30、0ADCBB 11-15 CADDA 16-20 CBDAB 这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了大量的塑料垃圾对于海洋以及与海洋有关的各种生物包括人在内的威胁，其已然成为一种危机，需要立即采取行动缓解这个问题。【1题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这总共是大约190亿磅的垃圾。A. seaweed海草；B. seafood海鲜；C. garbage垃圾；废话；D. money金钱。根据前文“Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste.”可知，这里在讲述曼哈顿区域它被齐踝深的塑料垃圾所覆盖，因此本句在讲述垃圾之多。故选C项。【2题详解】考查动

31、词词组辨析。句意：根据现有最好的估计之一，那就是每年有多少塑料垃圾进入我们的海洋。A. comes from 来自；B. ends up结束；倒闭；C. takes out除掉；取得（贷款、许可、保险等）；D. put away把收拾起来。根据前文“Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste.( 想象一个面积是曼哈顿34倍的区域。现在想象一下，它被埋在齐踝深的塑料垃圾里。)以及“in our oceans every year”可知，在描述的

32、是我们扔掉的塑料垃圾在以海洋为归宿。故选B项。【3题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们正被垃圾包围，”詹娜詹姆贝克(Jenna Jam beck)说，她是一名环境工程师，领导了2015年的一项研究，该研究公布了这个令人震惊的数字。A. trapped诱骗；抓捕；B. controlled控制；C. surrounded包围；D. destroyed毁坏。根据后文“at a global scale, to stop the tide of garbage.除非在除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛滥。)”可知，她所带领的研究团队公布的惊人数字应是上文提及的垃圾数量，其数量之大使得她认为我

33、们正在被垃圾包围。故选C项。【4题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意“我们正被垃圾包围，”詹娜詹姆贝克(Jenna Jam beck)说，她是一名环境工程师，领导了2015年的一项研究，该研究公布了这个令人震惊的数字。A. medical医学的; 医疗的；B. technical技术的; 工艺的；技巧的；C. agricultural农业的；D. environmental环保的。根据后文“who led the 2015 study that announced this shocking number(她领导了2015年的一项研究，该研究宣布了这个令人震惊的数字。)”可知她应该是从事环保有关的

34、工作。故选D项。【5题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据Jambeck的研究，这个数字到2025年将会翻倍，除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止垃圾的泛滥。A. figure数字；B. waste废物; 废水；C. price价格；D. cost费用；成本。根据空前的this为指示代词，且结合空后的动词“double(使加倍; 翻倍)”可知，应是指代前文中提及的“a total of about 19 billion pounds of(garbage)”中的数字。故选A项。【6题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：根据Jambeck的研究，这个数字到2025年将会翻倍，除非在全球范围内迅速采取措施阻止

35、垃圾的泛滥。A. swiftly很快地；敏捷地；即刻；B. slowly缓慢地，慢慢地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；仓促地；D. unexpectedly出乎意料地，意外地。根据前文“this_5_(figure)will double by 2025 unless something is done”可知，要阻止这种增长速度就要迅速立即采取措施。故选A项。【7题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：塑料在很多方面都对人类有很大的帮助，从医疗设备到飞机零部件的各行各业都在使用塑料。A. time时间；B. education教育；C. technology技术；D. life生命；生活。根据后文“

36、from medical equipment to parts of airplanes(从医疗设备到飞机部件)”可知，本句在强调塑料存在在各行各业。“all walks of life”，固定结构，意为“各行各业”。故选D项。【8题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是正是这些特性使得塑料如此受欢迎，也使得它们在我们的垃圾填埋场和海洋中成为一个日益严重的问题。A. While当时候；然而；B. So因此；C. But但是；D. And而且。根据后文“some of the very traits that have made plastics so popular have also made

37、them a_9_ problem in our landfills and oceans.”可知使塑料如此受欢迎的一些特性也使它们成为垃圾填埋场和海洋中的难题，因此与前句为转折关系。故选C项。【9题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是正是这些特性使得塑料如此受欢迎，也使得它们在我们的垃圾填埋场和海洋中成为一个日益严重的问题。A. changing变化的；B. growing增加的；C. moving感人的； D. touching感人的。根据后文“Today, plastics are the No. 1 type of trash found in the sea.”可知塑料是海洋中发现的

38、第一类垃圾，因此对于海洋和陆地来说，塑料是一种不断增长的难题。故选B项。【10题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Ocean Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动，该组织表示，从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中，约85%是塑料碎片这只是我们可以搜索到的东西。A. scientific科学的；B. coastal沿海的；C. general大体的；D. tiny微小的。根据该组织名词“Ocean Conservancy”为海洋保护协会，因此他们应是沿海清理垃圾。故选B项。【11题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Oce

39、an Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动，该组织表示，从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中，约85%是塑料碎片这只是我们可以搜索的东西。A. picks up拾起；（毫不费力）学会；B. takes up占用；开始从事；C. makes up构成；弥补；D. brings up养育；提出。根据后文“around 85 percent of all the garbage collected from beaches waterways and oceans(约占海滩、水道和海洋垃圾总量的85%)”可知，在讲述塑料垃圾的占有量。选项B. take up虽有“占用；占有

40、”含义，但其占用的是时间、空间或精力，选项C. make up有“构成；组成”含义，符合语境。故选C项。【12题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：非营利环保组织海洋保护协会(Ocean Conservancy)每年在全球150多个国家组织一次海岸清理活动，该组织表示，从海滩、水道和海洋收集的垃圾中，约85%是塑料碎片这只是我们可以看见的东西。A. see看见；B. eat吃；C. hide隐藏；D. search寻找。根据前文“collected from beaches waterways and oceans- and thats just the stuff”可知发言人在强调这个占比只是从海

41、滩，水路和海洋收集来的可以看得见的垃圾。故选A项。【13题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：海洋保护协会说，塑料被认为至少威胁到600种不同的野生动物。A. influence影响；B. damage毁坏；C. increase增加；D. threaten威胁。根据后文解释“One in three leatherback turtles, which often _15_plastic bags for edible jellyfish, have been found with plastic in their bellies.”可知人们发现，三分之一的棱皮龟的腹部都有塑料制品，因此海洋里的塑

42、料垃圾对于海洋生物来说是有威胁的。故选D项。【14题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：海洋保护协会说，塑料被认为至少威胁到600种不同的野生动物。A. plants植物；B. animals动物；C. protection保护；D. species物种。根据后文举例“leatherback turtles”“whale”，“seabirds”可知，本段举例为不同种类野生动物。B项 animals虽有“动物”含义，但不包括鸟类、鱼类、昆虫和人类；D项species意为“物种；生物”，含义更广，符合语境。故选D项。【15题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：三分之一的棱皮龟经常把塑料袋误认为可食用的水母，它

43、们的腹部被发现有塑料。A. mistake误认为；B. look看；C. regard 看待；D. recognize辨认。根据“plastic bags for edible jellyfish”可知，这种海龟把塑料袋误认为是可以吃的水母，mistake sth for sth，“把某物误认为某物”。故选A项。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：2017年，在挪威海岸搁浅的一头死掉的鲸鱼胃里有30个塑料袋。A. vivid生动的；B. deadly致命的；致死的；C. dead死的；D. lively活泼的。根据后文“beached on Norways coast(在挪威海岸搁浅)”且

44、后文“had 30 plastic bags(有30个塑料袋)”说明该鲸鱼吞食了塑料袋死掉了才会在海岸搁浅。故选C项。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2017年，在挪威海岸搁浅的一头鲸鱼胃里有30个塑料袋。A. mouth嘴；B. stomach胃部；C. head头；D. tail尾巴。根据前文“had 30 plastic bags”可知，应是有30个塑料袋被吃了，在其胃部发现。故选B项。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：百分之九十的海鸟经常食用塑料。A. waste废物; 废水；B. rubbish垃圾；C. nothing无关紧要的事；D. plastics塑料。根据本段中心

45、句“Ocean Conservancy says plastics are believed to _13_at least 600 different wildlife.”可知，本段在讲述塑料垃圾对于各种生物的威胁，因此本句应是在表明很多海鸟以塑料垃圾为食。故选D项。【19题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：不仅仅是野生动物受到海洋塑料的威胁。A. just仅仅；只是；B. always总是；C. really 真正地；D. constantly不断地；时常地。根据后文“A growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plasti

46、cs through the seafood we eat.( 越来越多的证据表明，人类通过食用海鲜来消费塑料。)”可知，不仅仅是野生动物，人类也受到海洋里塑料垃圾的威胁。故选A项。【20题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：考虑到这一点，专家们表示，我们所有人在缓解这一问题上都可以发挥关键作用在大大小小的方面都可以发挥作用。A. unique独特的；B. critical批评的；关键的；C. reasonable合理的；D. natural自然的。根据后文“play in relieving the issue”可知，在缓解海洋塑料垃圾问题方面，每个人都发挥关键的重要的作用。故选B项。No. 3

47、(2020. 安徽省芜湖市示范高中高三联考)My community and state are still recovering from the catastrophe that hit recently. A wall of storms with hurricane force winds_1_late on a Friday evening, knocking down trees,_2_roads, damaging homes, and destroying power lines.Hundreds of thousands of people_3_found themselve

48、s in the_4_without water, electricity, air conditioning, telephones, Internet, and television. They found themselves cut_5_from the modern world bearing 37plus heat with no help and no idea_6_it would be over.The most amazing thing happened,_7_,as the reality of the crisis sank in：it brought out the

49、 best in us. While there were a few_8_acts, they were overwhelmed(淹没) by the wave of_9_and sympathy that came from the hearts of so many.People shared their food, ice, and gasoline. People who still had power opened their homes to those who had_10_.People_11_to clear roads and homes of_12_trees. Sel

50、fless power crews worked around the clock to repair the damage and restore electricity.People_13_on front porches(门廊) to talk. Strangers came together as one family to help one another in this time of great need. It was such a(an) _14_seeing all these people acting like this under such tough circumstances.Lifes_15_strike all of us from time to time. No one is_16_We all get hurt. We all get challenged. We all get squeezed by_17_during our days here. How we respond to them, though, is_18_us. We can let them bring out the _19