高中英语阅读训练习题及答案

1、A (words:311&225) The British National Health Service (NHS) was set up in 1948 and was designed to provide equal basic health care, free of charge, for everybody in the country. Before this time health care had to be paid for by individuals. Nowadays central government is directly responsible for th

2、e NHS although it is administered by local health authorities. About 83 percent of the cost of the health service is paid for by general taxation and the rest is met from the National Insurance contributions paid by those in work. There are charges for prescription and dental care but many people, s

3、uch as children, pregnant women, pensioners, and those on Income Support, are exempt from payment. Most people are registered with a local doctor (a GP, or General Practitioner) who is increasingly likely to be part of a health centre which serves the community. As the population of Britain gets old

4、er, the hospital service now treats more patients than before, although patients spend less time in hospital. NHS hospitalsmany of which were built in the nineteenth century provide nearly half a million beds and have over 480, 000 medical staff. The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe although Br

5、itain actually spends less per person on health care than most of her European neighbours. During the 1980s there was considerable restructuring of the Health Service with an increased emphasis on managerial efficiency and the privatization of some services (for example, cleaning). At the end of the

6、 1980s the government introduced proposals for further reform of the NHS, including allowing some hospitals to be self-governing, and encouraging GPs to compete for patients. Patients would be able to choose and change their family doctor more easily and GPs would have more financial responsibility.

7、 The political questions continue of how much money should be provided to support the NHS and where it should come from. 41. We can know from the first paragraph that _. A. the original aim of the NHS was to provide equal basic health care for everybody B. people didnt have to pay for health care si

8、nce the NHS was set up C. patients were charged for receiving health care before 1948 D. the NHS was an organization which gave free advice to villagers 42. What do we know about the NHS? A. Its managed by the central government. B. Its cost is mainly paid for by the National Insurance contributions

9、. C. It hires more people than any other unit in Europe. D. Fewer patients go to its hospitals than before because they spend less on health care. 43. All the following statements about GPs are true except that they _. A. take care of the local peoples health B. often take part in competitions to se

10、e who is the best C. work under high pressure nowadays D. have more responsibilities than before 44. What does the underlined word “exempt” probably mean? A. suffering B. different C. prevented D. free 45. The biggest problem for the NHS is _. A. many hospitals are too old to be used B. some service

11、s are in the charge of individuals C. more and more patients go to GPs for treatment D. there is not enough money for further reform 【答案与解析】 4145 CCBDD 国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理。建立国家保健中心的最初目的 是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，尤其儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。 41. C。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一句可知，建立国家保健中心的最初目的是为农村居民提供免费的基本健康护理，而不是针对所有的人，所以前两项错

12、误。 42. C。细节理解题。根据第4自然段“The NHS is the biggest employer in Europe”可知。从第二自然段第一句可以看出国家保健中心由中央政府直接负责，但由地方当局管理，所以A项错误。 43. B。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段话“and encouraging GPs to compete for patients”可知政府鼓励全科医生之间相互竞争，而不是让他们进行竞赛，看谁的医术高明。 44. D。猜测词义题。前面提到医生开药方及给病人治疗牙病需要收费，再结合but一词可推断儿童、孕妇等可享受免费治疗。 45. D。细节理解题。根据最后一自然段最后一

13、句可知。 B Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do，and home has become much less of a workshop. Clothes can be bought ready made; washing can go to the laundry; food can be bought; cooked，canned or preserved; bread is baked and delivered by the baker; milk arrives on t

14、he doorstep; meats can be had at the restaurant，the works canteen，and the school dining-room. It is unusual now for father to pursue his trade or other employment at home，and his children rarely，if ever，see him at his place of work. Boys are therefore seldom trained to follow their fathers occupatio

15、n，and in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money，and soon acquires a feeling of economic independence. In textile areas it has long been customary for mothers to go out to work，but this practice has become so widespread th

16、at the working mother is now a not unusual factor in a childs home life，the number of married women in employment having more than doubled in the last twenty-five years. With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the dominant figure that he still was at the

17、 beginning of the century. When mother works, economic advantages accrue，but children lose something of great value if mothers employment prevents her from being home to greet them when they return from school. 41. The writer mentions home as workshop because_. A. fathers often pursue employment at

18、home B. parents had to make food and necessity themselves for their daily-life C. many families produce goods at home for sale D. both fathers and mothers and mothers in most families are workers 答案：B。细节理解题。解析：从第一段可知。 42. The writer says that home has become much less of a workshop. He means_. A. in

19、 the past, home was more like a workshop B. home is much more of a workshop now C. home-workshops are becoming fewer and fewer D. home was less like a workshop in the past 答案：A。推理判断题。解析：从第一句“Parents have to do much less for their children today than they used to do，and home become much less of a wor

20、kshop.” 和下文所述可知，过去日常生活所需大部分都由自己做，“家”就如a workshop一样。 43.The word“accrue”in the sentence“When mother.accrue，”is closest in meaning to _. A. change B. dwindle C. double D. increase 答案：D。词义猜测题。解析：从“When mother works, economic advantages accure.”可判断出。 44. The chief reason that boys are seldom trained to

21、follow their fathers occupation is _. A. that children nowadays rarely see their fathers at their place of work B. that fathers do not like to pursue employment at home any more C. that there is a wide choice of employment for children D. that children also like to have jobs outside 答案：C。推理判断题。解析：由“

22、.in many towns they have a fairly wide choice of employment and so do girls. The young wage-earner often earns good money.”可知答案。 45. What makes father no longer the only dominant person in a family? A. With their earning，mother and children do not need to depend on father for their life. B. There ar

23、e many choice of employment for mothers and children. C. Father does much less for his children today than he used to. D. The number of married women in employment has increased greatly now. 答案：A。细节理解题。解析： 见第二段“With mother earning and his older children drawing substantial wages father is seldom the

24、 dominant figure that he still was at the beginning of the century.”。 C（words:190&203） Artificial(假的) flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguished from natur

25、al flowers. In making such models, painstaking and artistry are called for, as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure. The collection of glass flowers in the Botanical Museum of Harvard University is the most famous in North America and is widely known throughout the scientific world. In all,

26、 there are several thousand models in colored glass, the work of two artist-naturalists, Leopold Blaschka and his son Rudolph. The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States. Although it was never completed. It contains more t

27、han seven hundred species representing 164 families of flowering plants, a group of fruits showing the effect of fungus diseases, and thousands of flower parts and magnified details. Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure. The models are kept in locked cases as they ar

28、e too valuable and fragile for classroom use. 51. Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A. An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers B. The Lives of Leopold and Rudolph C. Flowers Native to the United States D. Material Used for Artificial Flowers 52. It can be inferred from the p

29、assage that the goal of Leopold and Rudolph was to _. A. create a botanical garden where only exotic flowers grew B. do a thorough study of plant structure C. make a copy of one member of each United States flower family D. show that glass are more realistic than wax flowers 53.The underlined word “

30、it” refers to _. A. the intention B. the collection C. one member D. each flower family 54. Which of the following is NOT included in the display at the Botanical Museum of Harvard University? A. Models of 164 families of flowering plants. B. Magnified details of flower parts. C. Several species of

31、native birds. D. A group of diseased fruits. 55. Which of the following statements is true of the flowers at Harvard University? A. They form a completed collection. B. They have a marvelous fragrance. C. They are loaned to schools for classroom use. D. They use authentic representations. 【答案与解析】 51

32、55 ACBCD 51.A。细节理解题。短文说明了美国the Botanical Museum of Harvard University收藏玻璃花的目的、收藏品的丰富、精致的细节等内容,所以用An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers作标题最合适。 52.C。推理判断题。根据第二段的“The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States.”可知收藏的目的是把美国所有的花

33、都复制一种。 53.B。推理判断题。根据它前后的内容:目的是使收藏能代表美国的每一类花,尽管还没有完成,只能是收藏还没有完成。 54.C。细节理解题。信息来自第二段的内容,C项的内容在第二段中没有提及,其他各项的内容都有相关的说明。 55.D。推理判断题。根据第二段的“Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure.”可知这些玻璃花的每一个细节都制作得很精致,都是真实的再现。 D（words:163&195） Very few people were coming to eat at the White

34、 Rose Restaurant, and its owner did not know what to do. The price was reasonable and the food was of good quality, but nobody seemed to want to eat there. Then he did something that changed all that, and in a few weeks his restaurant is always full of men with their lady friends. Whenever a gentlem

35、an came in with a lady, a smiling waiter gave each of them a menu(菜单), The menu looked exactly the same on the outside, but there was an important difference inside. The menu that the waiter gave to the man supplied the correct price for each dish and each bottle of wine. while the menu that he gave

36、 to the lady supplied a much higher price! So when the man calmly ordered dish after dish and wine after wine, the lady thought he was much more generous(慷慨) than he really was. 41. Why didnt people come to the White Rose Restaurant to eat at first? A. Because the price was high. B. Because the food

37、 was too cheap. C. Because the food was not good. D. The passage didnt mention. 42. According to the passage we can conclude that the people who eat at this restaurant are mostly _. A. poor old people B. rich young people C. men with their girl friends D. parents with their children 43. The difference between the two kin