最新高考英语虚拟语气练习及详解资料

1、精品文档虚拟语气一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中（1）表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用“过去式（be动词的过去式用were）”，而主句中的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形”。如：ifiwereaboy,iwouldjointhearmy.ifthehadtime,sheshouldgowithyou.（2）表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/could+have+过去分词”。如：ifhehadtakenmyadvice,hewouldhaves

2、ucceededinthecompetition.（3）表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词一般过去时或should(wereto)+动词原形，而主句中的谓语动词则用would/should/couldmight+动词原形。如；ifitweretoraintomorrow,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.（4）当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作相应调整。如：iftheyhadworkedhard,theywouldbeverytired.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)以下表格是虚拟语气用于条件状

3、语从句中时，主句和从句谓语动词的形式：与过去事实相反与现在事实相反与将来事实相反条件状语从句had+过去分词一般过去时(be用were)一般过去时或should(wereto)+动词原形主句should/would/could/might+have+过去分词would/should/could/might+动词原形would/should/cold/might+动词原形有时侯在使用时可省略if,句子则可换成下列形式，即“were/had/should+主语”。如：wereiaboy,iwouldjointhearmy.hadhetakenmyadvice,hewouldhavesucceede

4、d.wereitnotfortheexpense,iwouldgotobritain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句（1）虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。“wish+宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could+动词原形”；表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had+过去分词”或“could(should)+have+过去分词”。如：iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.iwishihadknowntheanswer.iwishicould

5、flylikeabird.在表示建议、要求、命令等的动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insistrequest、command、order等后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用should+动词原形或是动词原形。如：shesuggestedwe(should)leavehereatonce.thedoctororderedsheshouldbeoperated.精品文档精品文档（2）虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。作表示建议、要求、命令等的名词advise、idea、order、demand、plan、proposal、suggestion、req

6、uest等的表语从句和同位语从句，从句中的谓语动词用“（should）+动词原形”。如：hissuggestionthatwe(should)gotoshanghaiiswonderful.myideaisthatthey(should)pay100dollars.（3）虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“should+动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。如：itisnecessary(important,natural,strange,etc.)thatweshouldcleantheroomeveryday.itwasapity(ashame,now

7、onder,etc.)thatyoushouldbesocareless.itwillbedesired(suggested,decided,ordered,requested,proposed,etc.)thatsheshouldfinishherhomeworkthisafternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果说人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气。反之，如果不表示惊奇等情感，that从句也可用陈述句语气。如：itispitythatyoucantswim.3、虚拟语气在其他场合的运用（1）虚拟语气在asif/asthough、evenif/eventhough等引导的表

8、语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。如：hediditasifhewereanexpert.evenifshewerehere,shecouldnotsolvetheproblem.（2）虚拟语气用于定语从句中。这种从句常用于句型“itis(high)time(that)”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be用were)或should+动词原形，意思是“(现在)该”。如：itstimethatipickedupmydaughter.itshightimeweweregoing.（3）虚拟语气用在ifonly引

9、导的感叹句中。如：ifonlyiwereabird.ifonlyihadtakenhisadvice.（4）虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。如：itwouldbebetterforyounottostayuptoolate.wouldyoubekindenoughtoclosethedoor?用于一些习惯表达法中。如：wouldyoulikeacupoftea?iwouldrathernottellyou.二、精典名题导解选择填空1.whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,i

10、tlooksasifit_.(nmet95)a.breaksb.hasbrokenc.werebrokend.hadbeenbroken解析：答案为c。本题考查的是asif引导的让步状语从句中的语气问题，asif引导的状语从句如果与事实一致，不用虚拟语气，如果与事实相反，应用虚拟语气。题中“当铅笔的一部分浸在水中，铅笔看上去好像断了”。而实际上铅笔并未断，与事实相反，前半部分精品文档精品文档陈述是一般现在时，因而本句是对一般现在时的虚拟，用werebroken。2.ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.ifshe_,shewouldhavemetmybrother.(

11、nmet94)a.hascomeb.didcomec.camed.hadcome解析：答案为d。本题考查的是if条件句中的虚拟语气。题意是：我在会议上没看到你姐姐，故你姐姐没来。因此如果“她来了”与事实相反，前面一句交代了虚拟语气的时态是一般过去时的虚拟，所以if从句中用had+过去分词。3.ifhe_,he_thatfood.luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.(nmet93)a.waswarned;wouldnottakeb.hadbeenwarned;wouldnothavetakenc.wouldbewarned;hadnottakend.

12、wouldhavebeenwarned;hadnottaken解析：答案为b。本题考查的是条件状语从句与主句表示与事实相反时虚拟语气的用法。根据下一句语境可知，他事先并没有得到警告，表示过去时间的虚拟语气，故选b。虚拟语气1ienjoyedthemovieverymuchiwishithebookfromwhichitwasmadeahavereadbhadreadcshouldhavereaddamreading2youarelateifyouafewminutesearlier,youhimacame；wouldmeetbhadcome；wouldhavemetccome；willmeet

13、dhadcome；wouldmeet3icantstandhimhealwaystalksasthoughheeverythingaknewbknowschasknowdhadknown4hisdoctorsuggestedthatheshorttripabroadawilltakebwouldtakectakedtook5wemighthavefailedifyouusahelpinghandahavenotgivenbwouldnotgivechadnotgivenddidnotgive6thelawrequiresthateveryronehiscarcheckedatleastonce

14、amonthahasbhavechaddwillhave7hewasbusyyesterday，otherwisehetothemeetingawouldcomebwouldhavebeenccouldhavebeendwouldbe8iftherewerenosubjunctivemood，englishmucheasierawillbebwouldhavebeenccouldhavebeendwouldbe9thefog，weshouldhavereachedourschoo1abecauseofbinspiteofcincaseofdbutfor10whatwillyoudoduring

15、wintervacation?idontknow，butitsabouttimesomethingaidecidedbilldecideciddecideddimdeciding11hewasverybusyyesterday，otherwise，hetoyourbirthdaypartyawouldcomebcamecwouldhavecomedshouldcome12thetwostrangerstalkedasiftheyfriendsforyearsashouldbebhadbeenchavebeendwere13look!whatyouvedone!youhavebeenmoreca

16、refulashouldbmaycoughtdwould14withoutelectricity，what?awilltheworldbelikebwouldtheworldbelikectheworldwillbelikedtheworldwouldbelike精品文档精品文档15withyourability，yououtthepuzzlewithinafewminutesacouldhaveworkedbneedhaveworkedbcoughthaveworkeddmusthaveworked16mysuggestionisthatthesickboytohospitalassoona

17、spossibleaistakenbmustbetakencbetakendhastobetaken17ifwehadnotmissedthebus，welunchathomenowawouldhavehadbwouldhavecmustbehavingdwouldbehaving18hereyesterday，hewouldattendthelecturewithustodayahadhebeenbifhewerecwerehedshouldbehe19histiredfacesuggestedthathereallytiredafterthe1ongwalkahadbeenbwascbed

18、shouldbe20doyoufeelthatitheprobleminadifferentwaytheotherday?ashouldcomebshouldhavesolvedchavesolveddsolved210urchairmanhasntcomeyetifheontime，wewouldhavetoputoffthemeetingashouldcomebwouldcomecshouldntcomeddoesntcome22heinsistedthathereallyverytriedandthathetohavearestawas；beallowedbwas；mustbeallow

19、edcshouldbe；mustbealloweddshouldbe；beallowed23hedidhisbestineverything；hewouldnothavebeenwhathewasaandbbutcotherwisedbutthat24idoicouldgiveyouahandahopebwishcexpectdthink25iwouldrathershetomorrowthantodayacomebcamecshoulddhascome26theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybodytherulesaobeysbobeycwillobeydwo

20、uldobey27iherifithoughtshewouldunderstandawouldtellbwilltellcwouldhaveto1ddtold28theteacherrequiresrosebyheart15englishwordseachdaya1earnbtolearncmustlearnd1earning29ifhe，hethatfoodluckilyhewassenttothehospita1immediate1yawaswarmed；wouldnottakebhadbeenwarmed；wou1dnothavetakencwouldbewarmed；hadnottak

21、endwouldhavebeenwarmed；hadnottaken30withoutelectricityhumanlifequitedifferenttodayaisbwillbecwouldhavebeendwouldbe虚拟语气l-5bbacc6-10bbdda11-15cbaba16-20cdabbd21-25cacbb26-30bcbbd虚拟语气强化训练1wereitnotforthesnowyweather,we_allright.a.wouldbeb.wouldhavebeenc.wered.maybe2._morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk

22、.a.ifthecaptainwereb.hadthecaptainbeenc.shouldthecaptainbed.ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen精品文档精品文档3.ifhe_metomorrow,iwouldlethimknow.a.shouldcallb.shouldnothavebeenablec.werenotabled.arenotable4.ifyouaskedyourfather,you_permission.a.maygetb.mightgetc.shouldhavecalledd.maybeget5._today,hewouldgettherebyfr

23、iday.a.wouldheleaveb.washeleavingc.werehetoleaved.ifheleaves6._iyou,iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.a.wasb.hadbeenc.willbed.were7.hadpaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,he_ourchairmannow.a.musthavebeenb.wouldhavebeenc.wered.wouldbe8._theenglishexaminationiwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastsundaya.inspite

24、ofb.butforc.becauseofd.asfor9.lookattheterriblesituationiamin!ifonlyi_youradvicea.followb.wouldfollowc.hadfollowedd.havefollowed10.ifthehorsewontoday,it_thirtyracesinfiveyears.a.wouldhavewonb.wonc.musthavewond.didhavewon11.thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,_asuddenloudnoise.a.

25、beingthereb.shouldtherebec.therewasd.therehavingbeen12.ifyouhadnttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,wed_therebynow.a.beb.circlesc.iscirclingd.becircling13.iwishi_withher.a.wouldbeb.amc.wasd.were14.thepictureexhibitionboredmetodeath.iwishi_toit.a.hadnotgoneb.havenotgonec.didnotgod.cannothavegone15.george

26、wouldcertainlyhaveattendedthemeeting,_.a.ifhedidntgetaflattireb.iftheflattirehadnthappenedc.hadhenothadaflattired.hadthetirenotflatteneditself16.theteachersuggestedthatherstudents_experienceswithesp.a.writeacompositionontheirb.towritecompositionaboutthec.wrotesomecompositionsofhisorherd.hadwrittenan

27、ycompositionsforhis17.hespeakschineseasfluentlyasifhe_achinese.a.wereb.hadbeenc.isd.hasbeen18.lookingroundthetown,hefeltasthoughhe_awayforages.a.hasbeenb.wasc.isd.hadbeen19.mostinsuranceagentswouldratheryou_anythingaboutcollectingclaimsuntiltheyinvestigatethesituation.a.dob.dontc.didntd.didntdo20.it

28、isimportantthatthetoefloffice_yourregistration.a.willconfirmb.confirmc.confirmsd.mustconfirm21.withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftodaysadvancedtechnology_.a.willnothavebeenachievedb.havenotbeenachievedc.wouldnothavebeenachievedd.hadnotbeenachieved精品文档精品文档22.hespeakschineseasfluentlyasifhe_achinese.a.

29、wereb.hadbeenc.isd.hasbeen23.itistimethatthegovernment_measurestoprotecttherarebirdsandanimals.a.takesb.tookc.hastakend.taking24.somepeoplearetooparticularaboutschoolrecords,insistingthateveryapplicant_alldiplomasfromelementaryschooltouniversity.a.hasb.willhavec.shouldhaved.musthave25.hewasverybusyy

30、esterday,otherwisehe_tothemeeting.a.wouldcomeb.camec.wouldhavecomed.hadcome26.ifihadseenthemovie,i_youallaboutitnow.a.wouldtellb.willtellc.havetoldd.wouldhavetold27.ihadhopedthatjohn_ayearinafrica,buthestayedthereonlyforthreemonths.a.spendsb.spentc.wouldspendd.willspend28.itshightimethey_thisroad.a.

31、mendb.mendedc.musthavemendedd.willmend29.itsabouttimepeople_noticeofwhatwomendidduringthewar.a.takeb.tookc.havetakend.willtake30.hesworkinghardforfearthathe_.a.shouldfallbehindb.fellbehindc.mayfallbehindd.wouldfallbehind31.inthepastmengenerallypreferredthattheirwives_inthehome.a.workedb.wouldworkc.w

32、orkd.wereworking32.forachildtogiveuphislessmatureideaforamorematureone,itrequiresthatthechild_psychologicallyreadyforthenewidea.a.isb.werec.bed.wouldbe33.youradvicethat_tillnextweekisreasonable.a.shewaitsb.shewaitc.waitshed.shewaited34.itwasessentialthatweleasebeforetheendofthemonth.a.singb.singedc.

33、hadsignedd.weresigning35.iadvisedthatthesickchild_ahospitalassoonaspossible.a.shouldsendtob.shouldbesentc.bewenttod.mustbesentto36.theworkersinthefactorydemandedthattheirpay_be20percent.a.beraisedb.wouldberaisedc.raisedd.raise37.theguardatthegateinsistedthateverybody_therules.a.obeysb.obeyc.willobey

34、d.wouldobey38.mysuggestionisthatshe_moreexercise,whichwilldoalotofgoodtoher.a.takesb.musttakec.taked.took39.ifonlyi_drivingbefore.a.learnb.learnedc.hadlearnedd.wouldlearn40._she_yesterday,shewouldmeetthefamoussingertoday.精品文档精品文档a.if,didntleaveb.hadnot,leftc.hadnt,leftd.didnt,leave答案120:ababcddbcaba

35、dacaaddb2140:cdbccacbbaccbacabccc高考虚拟语气：1.-ifhe_,he_thatfood.-luckilyhewassenttothehospitalimmediately.a.waswarnedwouldnottakeb.hadbeenwarnedwouldnothavetakenc.wouldbewarnedhadnottakend.wouldhavebeenwarnedhadnottaken2.ididntseeyoursisteratthemeeting.ifshe_,shewouldhavemetmybrother.a.hascomeb.didcomec