肠道菌群与代谢疾病

1、整理课件 肠道菌群与代谢疾病肠道菌群与代谢疾病 整理课件 目录 肠道菌群与健康和疾病概述 肠-脑轴 肠-肝轴 肠道菌群与代谢性疾病：肥胖、糖尿病 肠道菌群与肠病 肠道菌群与免疫 肠道菌群与其它疾病 革命带来的挑战和机遇 整理课件 悄悄发生的革命 INNA SEKIROV, et al., Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease. Physiol Rev 90: 859904, 2010; 整理课件 一篇值得关注的综述 Nature reviews. Microbiology 最新的影响因子为最新的影响因子为22.490 (2013) 整理课件 人菌共生 Kri

2、stina Harris,et al., Is the GutMicrobiota a New Factor Contributing to Obesity and ItsMetabolic Disorders? Journal of Obesity, Volume 2012, p 1-14. 整理课件 人肠道菌群种类和数量 EAMONN M. M. QUIGLEY and RODRIGO QUERA, Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth: Roles of Antibiotics, Prebiotics, and Probiotics. GASTROE

3、NTEROLOGY 2006;130:S78S90 整理课件 好细菌和坏细菌 整理课件 菌群是健康的核心 Nathalie M. Delzenne, et al., Targeting gut microbiota in obesity: effects of prebiotics and probiotics. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 7, 639646 (2011). 整理课件 肠道菌群对人生理的影响 整理课件 肠道菌群-代谢产物-功能 Jeremy K. Nicholson et al., Host-Gut Microbiota Metabolic. Science

4、336, 1262-1267, 2012. 整理课件 影响肠道菌群的因素 Nathalie M. Delzenne 9(2):180-197. exposure to psychological stress results in a significant reduction in the production of mucin and a decreased presence of acidic mucopolysaccharides on the mucosal surface. 整理课件 应激/压力引起胃肠疾病 P.C. KONTUREK, et al., STRESS AND THE

5、 GUT: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY, CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES, DIAGNOSTIC APPROACH AND TREATMENT OPTIONS. J PHYSIO 13:461-490 整理课件 肝脏疾病和SIBO 整理课件 肠道菌群与代谢性疾病 整理课件 肠道菌群增加能量储存 Nathalie M. Delzenne 95% CI 0.39-1.01; P=0.056)和史氏甲烷短杆菌(OR=0.76; 95% CI 0.59- 0.97; P=0.03)与正常体重相关，而罗伊氏乳杆菌(OR=1.79; 95% CI 1.03-3.10; P=0.04)与肥胖

6、相关。 Million M, et al., Obesity-associated gut microbiota is enriched in Lactobacillus reuteri and depleted in Bifidobacterium animalis and Methanobrevibacter smithii.Int J Obes (Lond). 2011 Aug 9. 整理课件 产甲烷肥胖的人有较高的身体质量指数 58人，BMI显着较高的甲烷阳性者（45.22.3公斤/米2）比甲烷阴性 （38.50.8公斤/米2，P= 0.001）。甲烷阳性者也有更大程度的便秘与 甲烷相

7、比，阴性者（21.36.4比9.52.4，P?= .043）。多元回归分析 说明了BMI甲烷之间有显着的关系。 结论：这是人类第一次有研究表明，较高浓度的甲烷检测呼气测试是 预测显着更大的肥胖超重者。 B.Basseri等，肝脏病杂志胃肠病学杂志，2012年1月8（1）：22-28 美国Cedars-Sinai 医学中心 整理课件 肠道菌群致肥胖 原因 Valentina Tremaroli 83(4):460-469. 整理课件 不同胖瘦人群肠道菌群数量 Fabrice Armougom, et al., Monitoring Bacterial Community of Human Gut

8、 Microbiota Reveals an Increase in Lactobacillus in Obese Patients and Methanogens in Anorexic Patients. PLoS ONE 4(9): e7125. 整理课件 肠道菌群和糖尿病 整理课件 肠道菌群和I型糖尿病 整理课件 肠道菌群和I型糖尿病 整理课件 肠道菌群和II型糖尿病 Assessment and characterization of gut microbiota has become a major research area in human disease, including

9、 type 2 diabetes, the most prevalent endocrine disease worldwide. To carry out analysis on gut microbial content in patients with type 2 diabetes, we developed a protocol for a metagenome-wide association study (MGWAS) and undertook a two-stage MGWAS based on deep shotgun sequencing of the gut micro

10、bial DNA from 345 Chinese individuals. We identified and validated approximately 60,000 type-2-diabetes-associated markers and stablished the concept of a metagenomic linkage group, enabling taxonomic species-level analyses. MGWAS analysis showed that patients with type 2 diabetes were characterized

11、 by a moderate degree of gut microbial dysbiosis, a decrease in the abundance of some universal butyrate-producing bacteria and an increase in various opportunistic pathogens, as well as an enrichment of other microbial functions conferring sulphate reduction and oxidative stress resistance. An anal

12、ysis of 23 additional individuals demonstrated that these gut microbial markers might be useful for classifying type 2 diabetes. Junjie Qin, et al., A metagenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. Nature 490, 5560 (04 October 2012) 整理课件 肠道菌群和II型糖尿病 Junjie Qin, et al., A met

13、agenome-wide association study of gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes. Nature 490, 5560 (04 October 2012) 整理课件 菌群紊乱导致炎症 June L. Round and Sarkis K. Mazmanian. The gut microbiota shapes intestinal immune responses during health and disease. NATURE REVIEWS | IMMUNOLOGY, VOLUME 9 | MAY 2009 | 313-324. 整理

14、课件 肠道菌群紊乱引发的免疫疾病 整理课件 肠道菌群紊乱导致过敏和炎症 整理课件 肠粘膜屏障损伤导致炎症 Silvio Balzan, et al., Bacterial translocation: Overview of mechanisms and clinical impact. J Gastro 整理课件 SIBO导致肠病 INNA SEKIROV, et al., Gut Microbiota in Health and Disease. Physiol Rev 90: 859904, 2010; 整理课件 肠道菌群对血管疾病的影响 Kristina Harris,et al.,

15、Is the GutMicrobiota a New Factor Contributing to Obesity and ItsMetabolic Disorders? Journal of Obesity, Volume 2012, p 1-14. 整理课件 肠道菌群致动脉粥样硬化 R. Caesar, et al., Effects of gut microbiota on obesity and atherosclerosis via modulation of inflammation and lipid metabolism. J Intern Med 2010; 268: 320328. 整理课件 肠道菌群致癌 INN