四川省绵阳市2019中考英语总复习 第二篇 语法突破篇 语法专题05 介词及介词短语课件

1、绵阳专版 PART TWO 第二篇 语法突破篇 语法专题（五）介词及介词短语 【中考考点】 (1)介词表示时间、地点、方位、方式的基本用法。 (2)一些易混介词辨析及介词短语的用法。 考点一表示时间的介词 1.in/on/at (1)in用在世纪、年份、季节、月份, 不特定的上午、下午和晚上等词前面。 It often rains July. 七月份经常下雨。 (2)on表示在具体的某一天或者某天的上午、下午、晚上。 She was born the morning of May 10th. 她出生于五月十日的早晨。 (3)at表示在某个时刻或者某个瞬间。 I usually get up 6

2、:00 in the morning. 我通常早上六点钟起床。 in on at 2.after/in (1)“after+具体时刻/从句”表示“在时刻之后”,常用于过去时。 He said that he would be here 5:00. 他说他五点钟之后会来这儿。 (2)“in+一段时间”表示“在（多久）之后”, 常用于将来时,提问用how soon。 My mother is coming back from England about a month. 我母亲大约一个月以后将从英格兰回来。 after in 3.by/until (1)by表示“到为止”。 Can you rep

3、air my bike Saturday? 星期六之前你能修好我的自行车吗? (2)until表示动作持续到某时。 We must work here ten oclock. 我们必须一直在这里工作到十点钟。 4.since/for (1)“since+具体时刻/that从句/ago”表示“自从起一直到现在”。 Uncle Li has worked in this factory 2000. 李叔叔自从2000年起就在这家工厂工作了。 (2)“for+一段时间”表示“有之久”。 Uncle Li has worked in this factory over 10 years. 李叔叔在这个

4、工厂已经工作了十多年了。 by until since for 考点二表示地点或方位的介词 1.at/in/on (1)at 用于小地点前。 Ill be at home all morning. 我一上午都在家。 (2)in用于大地点前。 Harbin is in the north of China. 哈尔滨位于中国北部。 (3)on既可表示“在上面(有接触面)”,也可表示两地接壤。 Hunan is on the north of Guangdong.湖南在广东北部。 (4)to表示两地相隔或隔海相望。 Japan lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国东部。

5、 2.between/among (1)between表示“在两者之间”。 Dont sit the two girls. 不要坐在这两个女孩中间。 (2)among表示“在三者或三者以上人或物之 间”。 The village lies hills. 这个村庄坐落于群山之间。 between among 3.across/through (1)across强调从表面穿过。 Go the bridge, and you will find the park. 穿过这座桥, 你就会找到公园。 (2)through强调从一定的空间内穿过。 The river runs the city. 这条河流

6、经这座城市。 across through 5.in front of/in the front of (1)in front of表示在某一空间外部的前面。 There is a big tree the house. 房子前面有一棵大树。 (2)in the front of表示在某一空间内部的前面。 There is a big desk our classroom. 我们教室的前面有一张大桌子。 in front of in the front of 4.over/above/on (1)over强调在某一物体的正上方, 其反义词为under。 There is a bridge th

7、e river. 河上有座桥。 (2)above强调在上方, 但不一定是正上方, 其反义词 为below。 We were flying the clouds. 我们那时正在云层上飞行。 over above 考点三常见介词的用法 We won our match that team. 我们在比赛中赢了那个队。 The desk is the wall. 书桌靠墙放着。 I go to school bus. 我乘坐公共汽车去上学。 Do you go that supermarket? 你路过那家超市吗? The students are examined one one. 学生们一个挨一个

8、地接受检查。 My mother bought a present me. 我妈妈给我买了一份礼物。 We set off New York. 我们动身去纽约。 She stayed there a week. 她在那儿待了一周。 Mostteenagers live their parents. 大部分青少年和他们的父母住在一起。 I sat down on the chair holes in it. 我坐在有孔的椅子上。 against against by by by for for for with with 在家 at home 在学校at school 在工作 立刻 at onc

9、e 在晚上at night 在一年中不好的时节 at a bad time of the year 在的尽头at the end of 在的开始at the beginning of 到达arrive in (at) 同意某人（的看法） agree with sb. 考点四含有介词的重点短语 at work 以开始 擅长 be good at 对有害处be bad for 充满be full of 确信be sure of/about 习惯于 对某人要求严格 be strict with sb. 对某事要求严格 be strict in sth. 忙于做某事be busy with sth.

10、迟到be late for 生某人的气be angry with sb. begin/start with be used to 对某人感到满意 be pleased with sb. 对感兴趣be interested in 与不同 以为骄傲be proud of 对感到厌烦be tired of 赶上catch up with 依靠depend on 在方面做得好do well in 用装满fillwith 与相处 听说 收到的来信 在某方面帮助某人help sb. with sth. 在的前面(外部)in front of 在的前面(内部)in the front of 在户外;在野外i

11、n the open air 最后,终于in the end 及时 匆忙,急忙in a hurry 在太阳下 事实上in fact 处于困境中in trouble 看look at 寻找look for be different from get on/along with hear of hear from in time in the sun 照顾,照看look after/take care of 检查look for 嘲笑 动身去某处 与交朋友make friends with 在某人回家的路上 on ones way home 展出 究竟,到底on earth 在顶部on the t

12、op of 另一方面on the other hand 值日;值班on duty 步行 laugh at leave for on show/display on foot 考点过关训练考点过关训练 .用适当的介词填空 1.Just walk down this street and youll see the hospital your left. 2.Alan bought a big house a nice garden. 3.When is the Art Festival party? Its seven oclock the evening of November 18th. 4

13、.The whole family were agreement about what they should do next. 5.Can you come to my party this evening? Sorry, I cant.I have to prepare my exams. on with aton in for 考点过关训练考点过关训练 6.Its very kind you to help me with my lessons. 7.I borrowed some money my friend to buy a book. 8. April 22nd,people a

14、round the world celebrate Earth Day in different ways. 9.Welcome to our store. We have skirts all colors $16 each. 10.My mother says my friend is similar me, but I think she is different me. of from On in for tofrom 考点过关训练考点过关训练 .从方框中选择恰当的短语并用其正确形式填空 11. our government, we can play sports on the new

15、 playground next week. Thats for sure! And well have a sports meeting in one month. 12.Grace often gets nervous before she gives a speech . 13.Why are you unhappy these days, Julie? I cant see the blackboard because two tall boys sit me. 14. , the Chinese know about tea culture best. 15., listening

16、to music is a good way to relax yourself. Thanks to in public in front of Without doubt in front ofwith the help ofin factin a hurry without doubtthanks toat firstin public in commonbe full of In fact 考点过关训练考点过关训练 16.The more I get to know Nancy, the more I realize that we have a lot . 17. the classmates, he got to the top of the mountain successfully. 18.The world chances, and we must make a quick decision when we meet one. 19.He left home and forgot to turn off the light this