考研分类词汇—心理学

1、.abreaction 情绪发泄abstract thinking抽象思考accommodation调适achievement test成就测验acquired behaviour习得行为adaptation / adjustment适应adolescence青少年期adolescent青少年adolescent development青少年发展adult development成年（人）发展adulthood精品.成年期aesthetics美学age， chronological实龄age， mental智龄aging （ageing）衰老altruism利他主义aspiration抱负as

2、similation同化associative learning联想性学习associative memory联想记忆associative thinking联想式思考attachment精品.相依attachment behaviour相依行为attitude态度attitude change态度改变attribute属性 / 特征attribution process归因历程attribution theory归因论autonomy vs. shame and doubt自主对羞感avoidance逃避behaviourism行为主义burnout耗竭catharsis精品.舒泄child

3、hood儿童期cognition认知cognitive development认知发展cognitive dissonance认知失调cognitive learning认知学习cognitive theory认知理论colour constancy颜色恒常性colour contrast颜色对比compensation补偿concept， abstract抽象概念concept， concrete精品.具体概念concrete operational stage具体运思期conditioned response制约反应conditioned stimulus制约刺激conditioning制

4、约（条件）作用conditioning， discrimination识别作用制约conditioning， extinction消失制约conditioning， generalization类化制约conditioning， instrumental工具制约conflict冲突conservation守恒coping behaviour精品.因应行为coping mechanism因应机制counselling辅导countertransference反向移情crisis危机death instinct死亡本能debriefing事后解说denial否认depth perception深度

5、知觉desensitization减敏developmental stage发展阶段developmental task精品.发展事项deviance异常dewey杜威displacement转移drive动（驱）力ectomorph瘦弱型ego自我egocentric自我中心electra complex恋父情结empty nest phenomenon空巢现象evoked potential引发电位fight-flight reaction精品.搏斗逃跑反应fixation固定flooding therapy泛滥治疗（疗法）formal operational stage形式运思期freu

6、d佛洛依德generativity vs. stagnation创建对休怠grieving process哀伤过程group counselling小组辅导group dynamics群体动力hierarchy of needs人类需求层构hypnosis催眠id精品.本我ideal self理想我identification认（仿）同identity crisis身份危机identity vs. role confusion自认对迷乱imitation模仿implosive therapy内爆治疗（疗法）individual counselling个别辅导industry vs. infer

7、iority勤业对自卑infancy婴儿期inferiority complex自卑情结initiative vs. guilt精品.进取对罪咎innate behavior先天行为insight learning顿悟学习instinctive behaviour本能行为integrity vs. despair圆满对失望intelligence quotient智商intimacy vs. isolation亲密对孤独jung容格learning theory学习理论life instinct生存本能maladaptive适应不良marital counselling精品.婚姻辅导moral

8、 development道德发展motivation动机negative response负反应object constancy物体恒常性object permanence物体恒存oedipus complex恋母忌父情结operant conditioning操作制约（条件）作用peer group朋辈penis envy阳具妒羡perception知觉perceptual development精品.知觉发展personality人（性）格personality development人格发展personality inventory性格测量personality trait人格特质per

9、sonality， anxious焦虑性格personality， extroverted外向性格personality， introverted内向性格personality， obsessional强迫性格placebo effect安慰剂效应play therapy游戏治疗（疗法）pleasure principle精品.唯乐原则pre-operational stage运思前期projection投射projective test投射式测验psychoanalytic theory心理分析理论psychological testing心理测验psychologists心理学家psych

10、ology， clinical临床心理学psychology， cognitive认知心理学psychology， humanistic人本主义心理学psychology， social社会心理学psychology，behavioural精品.行为心理学psychology，counselling辅导心理学psychology，developmental发展心理学psychology，existential存在主义心理学psychology，experimental实验心理学psychology，functional功能心理学psychology，gestalt完形心理学psychosexu

11、al development性心理发展psychosocial development心理社会性发展rational-emotive therapy理性情绪（治疗）疗法rationalization合理化reaction formation精品.反向行为real self真我reality principle现实原则reciprocal inhibition相互抑制regression倒退reinforcement增强作用reinforcement， negative负增强作用reinforcement， positive正增强作用reinforcer增强物relaxation therapy

12、松弛（治疗）疗法repression压抑精品.role角色role conflict角色冲突role playing角色扮演scapegoat代罪羔羊schemata基模 / 机略self-actualization自我实（体）现self-esteem自尊self-identity自我认同self-image自我形象self-introspection内省self-regard精品.自重shaping塑做sixteen personality factor questionnaire十六种性格因子问卷size constancy体积恒常性slip of the tongue口误现象social

13、 learning社会性学习social learning theory社会性学习理论stage， acceptance接受期stage， anger愤怒期stage， bargaining磋商期stage， denial否认期stage， depression精品.忧（抑）郁期stage， latency潜伏期stranger anxiety陌生人焦虑subconscious潜意识sublimation升华作用superego超我temperament性情 / 脾气thematic apperception test主题统觉测验theory， body type体型论toilet training如厕训练trait特质transactional analysis精品.交互作用分析transfer of learning学习转移transf