2021高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解精选训练（7）

1、阅读理解训练（7）AAt one time it was the dream for many little girls to become a nurseToday, however, America is facing its worst nurse shortage since World War I. Recently about 2, 000, 000 nurses are needed and 60 percent of all hospitals in the US have shortages large enough to threaten（= say that you wi

2、ll hurt somebody if they dont do what you want）the quality of care provided. The demand for nurses spreads widely throughout the nursing field.What has become of these women in white? The answer lies in not one but several causes.One possibility is the fact that woman have greater career options （职业

3、选择）. In the past, women who chose to work outside the home had two basic choices nursing or teaching. Today, more women than ever are in the work force, but their options have greatly increased. There are women doctors, lawyers, firefighters and police officers. In fact, women today are found in nea

4、rly every field of work. Nursing has been left behind, as women move on to jobs with higher pay and greater status（地位）. A woman or man in the nursing field is often looked down upon as “merely a nurse”. Teachers may be also at fault. Many high school students are actually being steered（劝 导）away from

5、 nursing, told by teachers that they are “too bright to be a nurse”.Americans are living longer than ever and requiring more medical attention. In fact, the number of elderly patients has almost doubled in the past twenty years. Obviously a larger population requires more nurses. AIDS and other dise

6、ases have caused more and more people to need nursing care. Usually fatal diseases mean long drawn - out hospital stay, that is to say, more nurses are needed to care for these patients. It is estimated that the demand for nurses will be doubled the supply in the coming ten years.21Why is America fa

7、cing its worst nurse shortage?A. Because the demand of nurses has been doubled.B. Because more and more women prefer to be teachers and doctors.C. Because women have been provided with many different jobs.D. Because women no longer choose to be nurses.22The passage tells us that high school teachers

8、 are at fault for_.A. not mentioning the worst nurse shortage in the USB. introducing jobs with higher pay and greater status to their studentsC. not asking the government to raise the nurses paymentD. persuading the students not to be nurses23The author wrote this passage in order to_.A. describe t

9、he unequal treatment of women in the USB. warn people to pay more attention to the nursing problemC. tell us womens free choice of jobs todayD. call on women not to be nurses24Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. high school students think themselves too bright to be nursesB. W

10、omen in the US have greater career choice than those in other countries.C. Of all the hospitals in the world 60 percent more nurses are badly needed.D. Nursing used to be a popular job among women.参考答案2124CDBDBOne thinks of princes and presidents as some of the most powerful people in the world; how

11、ever, governments, elected or otherwise, sometimes have had to struggle with the financial powerhouses called tycoons. The word tycoon is relatively new to the English language. It is Chinese in origin but was given as a title to some Japanese generals. The term was brought to the United States, in

12、the late nineteenth century, where it eventually was used to refer to magnates who acquired immense fortunes from sugar and cattle, coal and oil, rubber and steel, and railroads. Some people called these tycoons “capitals of industry” and praised them for their contributions to U.S. wealth and inter

13、national reputation. Others criticized them as cruel “robber barons”, who would stop at nothing in pursuit of personal wealth.The early tycoons built successful businesses, often taking over smaller companies to eliminate competition. A single company that came to control an entire market was called

14、 a monopoly. Monopolies made a few families very wealthy, but they also placed a heavy financial burden on consumers and the economy at large.As the country expanded and railroads linked the East Coast to the West Coast, local monopolies turned into national corporations called trusts. A trust is a

15、group of companies that join together under the control of a board of trustees. Railroad trusts are an excellent example. Railroads were privately owned and operated and often monopolized various routes, setting rates as high as they desired. The financial burden this placed on passengers and busine

16、sses increased when railroads formed trusts. Farmers, for example, had no choice but to pay, as railroads were the only means they could use to get their grain to buyers. Exorbitant (过高的) goods rates put some farmers out of business.There were even accusations that the trusts controlled government i

17、tself by buying votes and manipulating elected officials. In 1890 Congress passed the Sherman Antitrust. Act, legislation aimed at breaking the power of such trusts. The Sherman Antitrust Act focused on two main issues. First of all, it made illegal any effort to interfere with the normal conduct of

18、 interstate trade. It also made it illegal to monopolize any part of business that operates across state lines.Over the next 60 years or so, Congress passed other antitrust laws in an effort to encourage competition and restrict the power of larger corporations.25. The Sherman Antitrust Act_.A. affe

19、cted only the companies doing business within state lines B. sought to eliminate monopolies in favor of competition in the market-place C. promoted trade with a large number of nations D. provides a financial advantage to the buyer 26. One might infer from this passage that lower prices _.A. are mor

20、e likely to exist in a competitive market economyB. usually can be found only in an economy based on monopoliesC. matter only to people who are poor and living below the poverty levelD. are regulated by the government27. It seems likely that many Americans_.A. believed that the trusts had little inf

21、luence over governmentB. expected the wealthy magnates to share money with the poorC. did little to build up American businessD. were worried that trusts might manipulate the government 参考答案25、B 2627、ADCAt one time no one could travel on an English road faster than four miles an hour. That was the l

22、aw until 1896. A man had to walk in front of a car which could not go faster than the man. At night the man had to carry a red lamp.Once Charles Rolls brought a car from France to England, but he wanted to drive faster than four miles an hour. In order to have no trouble with the police, he had a ta

23、lk with some of the police officers, who ordered their policemen to look the other way when the car came along the road. This was a good plan in the country, but not so easy to follow in the busy streets of London.One night Rolls and some friends started from London on their journey to Cambridge. On

24、e of the men walked in front with the red lamp, but he walked as fast as he could. The police became very interested in walls and shop-fronts when they heard the car and not one of them saw it.They reached a hill, but what a waste of time it was to drive down the hill at four miles an hour! Rolls wa

25、s getting ready to jump into the car, but then he noticed a policeman who was not looking the other way. The slow car reached him. “Good evening,” said the policeman, looking at the car.“Good evening,” said Rolls, holding the lamp.“One of these horseless things,” said the policeman, looking at it wi

26、th interest.“Yes,” said Rolls, and waited.“Ive often wanted a ride in one, but of course policemen cant buy things like that.” He turned and looked hopefully in Rollss face. “Jump in,” said Rolls.“Thanks,” said the policeman, and did so. “Now,” he said, sitting down, “You can let it go just as you l

27、ike down this hill. There isnt another policeman on this road for a mile and a half.”28The policemen were told “to look the other way” so that _.A. they could watch the car coming from the other directionB. Rollss car could go faster than four miles an hourC. they could make sure no one was in the w

28、ayD. the car would not hit them on the road29In what way did the policemen carry out the order from their officers?A. They greeted Rolls when the car came along.B. They walked in front of the car with a red lamp.C. They pretended to be attracted by something else.D. They stood on duty every 1.5 mile

29、s along the road.30The policeman who said “Good evening” to Rolls wanted to _.A. teach Rolls a lessonB. take a free ride homeC. have a talk with RollsD. have a car ride experience31After the policeman jumped into the car, Rolls _.A. dared not drive the car faster than he was allowed toB. could drive

30、 as fast as he wished within a certain distanceC. could drive on any road he liked for the rest of the journeyD. drove his car as fast as he could down the hill to Cambridge参考答案2830、BCD 31、BDCenturies ago, man discovered that removing moisture(潮湿)from food helps to store it, and that the easiest way

31、 to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind. In this way the North American Indians produce pemmican(dried meat ground into powder and made into cakes), the Scandinavians make stockfish and the Arabs dried dates.All foods include watercabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% w

32、ater, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria(细菌)which cause food to go bad is checked.Fruit is sun-dried in Asia Minor, Greece, Spain and other Mediterranean countr

33、ies, and also in California, South Africa and Australia. Various methods are used, but in general, the fruit is spread out on trays in drying yards in the hot sun.Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The method of such dehydration(脱水)is to put food in chambers through which hot air is blown at temperatures of about 110 at entry to about 43 at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced(切碎的)meat, and fis