英文图表描述类方法汇总

1、今天我们所要关注的是运动图表，无论是什么题目的运动图表，无论题出的多难，我们都要 清醒的认识到，那就是考官也逃不出如下的5个畴，它们分别是运动畴，程度畴，时 间畴，数据畴与连接畴。 （一）运动畴中存在着如下的8种运动趋向: 1. 保持平稳：我们可以使用的套用结构有：stay stable/ remain steady 举例：表示人 口数量保持平稳的时侯可以 写: the number of population stayed stable。 /the number of population remained steady 2、上升/增加：我们可以使用的套用结构有： rise/ cl imb/

2、 increase/ ascend/mount/aggrandize （增加） 举例：人口 上升： the number of population increased/ascended/mounted 等等。 3 、 下降/减少：我们可以使用的套用结构有： fall/ drop/ decrease/ descend/ decline 举例：人口 滅少：the number of population decreased/ declined 4、下降后保持平稳：这个线段前面是向下的，后面是平的，在表示这个平的时侯我们就 不可以使用remain steady 了，我们要使用的结构是bottom

3、out 举 例： 人 口 下 降 后 保 持 平 稳： the number of population decreased and bottomed out 5、上升后保持平稳：前面的上升我们就不用说了，但是在上升以后保持平稳，我们需要使 用 level off 举例：人 口上升后保持平稳：number of population mounted and leveled off 6、复： 前面下降了以后，然后就上升了，这两条线段的连接点就叫复。英语中表达为 recover 举例：人 口下降后复：number of population decreased and recovered 7、波动

4、：就像我.们的心电图一样。英语中叫fluctuate举例：人口波动： number of population fluctuated 8、达到顶峰：peak/ reach its summit/reach its zenith 举 例：人 口 到 达 了 顶 峰： number of population peaked/ reached its summit/ reached its zenith 但是同学们想过没有上升，下降，波动是存在程度的。所以我们接下来要讨论的是程度的描 述方法。 （二）程度畴 程度只有两种，缓慢和陡然。 缓慢的/轻微的：gradually/ smoothly/ ste

5、adily/ siightly 陡然的/大幅度的：dramatically/ sharply/ considerably/ appreciably/ greatly 1、人 口大幅度攀升:number of population mounted dramatically 2、人口轻微下降:number of population decreased slightly 3、人口逐渐下降：number of population decreased gradually （三）数据畴 好了，我们现在已经说了两个畴了，这个两个踌可以帮你搞定任何线段组的描述、紧接下来 我们要讨论的是如何将线段组与数据进

6、行连接、非常简单。注意如下的介词使用 （1）remain steady/ stay stable/ level off/ botto 人口在 800 万时到达 了顶峰:number of population peaked at 人 口 population 人 口 population 2、 3 、下 稳:after decreasing, 4 、上 稳：after mounting, 降 后 number 升 后 number of 在400万 bottomed out at 在700 leveled off at 8 保 4 mi Ilion 保 持 7 mi 11 ion mi 11

7、ion 持 平 m out/ peak/reach its peak/ reach its zenith后面需要 使用的是al 举例： 1.人口 在 500万 上 保持平 稳：number of population remained steady at 5 million （2）上升/下降后面使用2（到）和by （了） 举 例:1 、人口 下 降 到 万： number of population decreased to 2 million 2、 人口下降了 200万： number of population decreased by 2 million 3、 人口上升到1000万: n

8、il mber of population increased to 10 mi 1 lion 4. 人口上升了 500万： number of population increased by 5 million 200 （3）recover的后面大家需要使用的是from 举 例 :1.人 口 在 200 万 M:number of population recovered from 2 million （4）fluctuate 的后面大家需要连接 between -and- 举 例： 人 口 在 2 和 100 亿 之 间 波 动:number of population fluctuate

9、d between 2 and 10 billio n （那俩人是 ADAM和EVE）我们已经搞定了三个畴了。剩下的两个畴，时间与连接，我想大家就不会有 很大的困难了吧。希望大家以后多多练习 对于线性图表的描述 （一）上升 1. 对于上升趋势的描述： a. 可以使用的动词或动词词组： to increase to go up to rise to grow to jump to leap to soar to shoot to pick up b. 可以使用的名词： an increase a growth a jump a soar an upward trend 2. 对于上升到某个位置的

10、描述： a. 1. a.中的动词+ to+具体数据。 b. 1. a.中的动词+ to + the peak of+具体数据。 1. a.中的动词+ reaching the peak of +具体数据。 2. 对于下降到某个位置的描述： a. 1. a.中的动词+ to+具体数据。 b. 1. a.中的动词+ to + the bottom of+具体数据。 c. 1. a.中的动词 + reaching the bottom of + 具体数据。 d. 1. a.中的动词-breaching +具体数据。 3. 对于下降程度的描述： a. 1. a.中的动词+ by +具体数据。 b. 1

11、. a.中的动词+副词。（见 （三）平稳 可以使用的动词或动词词组: to hardly change to have little change to keep steady to level off to remain constant to stay the same （四）表示程度的副词： 1. 程度较大： considerably dramatically greatly markedly obviously quickly rapidly sharply significantly suddenly 2. 程度较小： slightly gradually slowly steadi

12、ly 时间的嵌入 嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组: in fromto between.and duringand* at the start of by the end of over at the end of throughout 时间s +具体数据 （五）上升和下降趋势的组合描述（嵌入了时间和程度之后）： 1.先上升后下降的句型：| increased slowly during and but fell sharply in A steady fall in during and fol lowed the sharp increase in 2.先下降后上升的句型： fell b

13、efore beganto make a recovery continue the recovery, climbing to dropped during butincreased again in fell and then pick up during collapsed before rising to at the end of 3. 起伏波动的句型： fluctuated sharply al 1 through 4. 波动不大的句型： hardly changed through the period between and 柱状图形的描述 转换为线形图形的描述 饼状图形的描述

14、 对于百分比进行描述所使用的句型： % the is/has/have/are accounts for %of the total takes up% in the whole chart （六）趋势的比校 1. 表示相似的句型（实例）: Both share prices rose sharply in January. Neither company has made a profit yet Like X, Y fel1 in June. X rose just as sharply as Y 2. 表示差异的句型（实例）： X fell sharply whereas/while Y

15、 remained steady. X fel1 quickly compared to Y Unlike Y, X rose by 10% X rose far more dramatically than Y. 3. 表示倍数的句型： the doubled/tripledin compared with those in 4. 客观比较的句型： is in contrast to （七）数据的修饰 1. 表示不足的词或词组： up to below under almost nearly 2. 表示超过的词或词组: over more than just over 3. 表示大约的词：

16、about 补充： 一. 主章开头 图表类型：table； chart； diagram； graph； column chart； pie graph reveal； 描述：show； describe； i 1 lustrate； can be seen from； clear； apparent； represent 容：figure； statistic； number； percentage； proportion 二. 表示数据 一般：have 10%； at 10%；over 10% 最高(低)点：peaked； reached a peak/high (point) botto

17、med out； reached the bottom 变化：recover 略有 回升； increase； jump： rise/rose； cl imb decrease； fall/fell； drop； decline； reduce fluctuate浮动，揺摆不定 remained steady/stable； stay the same； 1ittle/hardly any /no change 变化程度：sudden/suddenly突然的，意外的 rapid/rapidly迅速的，飞快的，险峻的 dramatic/dramatically 戏剧性的，生动的 signific

18、ant/significantly有意义的，重大的，重要的 sharp/sharply锐利的，明显的，急剧的 steep/steeply急剧升降的 steady/steadi ly稳固的，坚定不移的 gradual/gradual ly渐进的，逐渐的 slow/slowly缓慢的，不活跃的 slight/slightly轻微的、略微地 stable/stably 稳定的 表示围：fromtobetweenandfor to多长时间直到 表示程度：almost adv.几乎，差不多 nearly adv.几乎，密切地 approximately adv.近似的，大约 about adv.附近，大

19、约，转向，左右，周围 just over刚超过 over adv.结束，越过，从头到尾 exactly adv.正确地，严密地 precisely adv.正好 精确地；清晰地 比例：20 per cent 20% one in three 1/3 one out of every four 1/4 三常用词 significant changes图中一些较大变化 noticeable trend 明显趋势 during the same period 在同一时期 grow/grew 增长 distribute分布，区别 unequal ly不相等地 pronounced 明显的 averag

20、e 平均 no doubt无疑地 corresponding adj.相应的，通讯的 represent vt.阐述，表现 overal 1总体上讲 except除外 in the case of adv.在的情况下 in contrast相反，大不相同 in conclusion adv. 最后,总之 in comparison相比之下 inversely adv.相反地，倒转地 in general通常，大体上，一般而言 rang from excessive adj.过多的，过分的，额外 lower v.降低，跌落 elapse vi.（时间）过去，消逝 category n.种类 go

21、vernment policy 政府政策 market forces市场规率 measure n.尺寸，方法，措施估量，调节 forecast n.先见，预见v.预测 1. 有用的词 上升：increase rise ascend core surge go up climb mount level up 下降：decrease fall drop descend decline reduce lessen level down 平稳：stable steady remain/maintain/keep/be the same as/simi lar to 波动：fluctuate fluct

22、uation rise and falls up and down 占：occupy take up account for gain ffif:while however whereas on the other hand actually/in fact 相比：by contract on the contrary likewise compared with 最高点：the highest the top the summit the peak the most 最低点：bottom less least rock bottom 平均：mean average 趋势：tendancy t

23、rend inclination 预见:prediction 达到顶峰:mount to 在*中占*：讪 the percentage of 有一个稳定的过程：a stable period can be seen 原则：A.不可能写的很好，关键是要很稳地写清楚。 B.概括一些在关联性或原因推测作为总结 以下是引用zxc0470在2004-6-3 23:05:00的发言: 1. As is shown by the graph/in the table。（概述图表） 正如曲线所示，最近54年来该国人口飞速增长。 As is shown by the graph, there has been

24、a rapid increase in the population of the country in the past five years 2. It can be seen from the table that （得出结论） shown graph concluded figures estimated statistics A. 从表中所给的统计数字可以看出，从1985年到1990年中国的人均收入迅速提高。 From the statistics given in the table it can be seen that the average personal income o

25、f the Chinese people increased （grew、rose） rap idly from 1985 to 1990. B. 从曲线图可以得出结论，最近5年来中国人口的出生率已经大大下降。 It can be concluded from the graph that there has been a great decline in birth rates in China in the past five years 3. amount to（数量总计） add up to come to sum up to 全部费用合计200美元。 All the expenses

26、 （costs） amount to （= add up to） $ 200. increase fromto（数量增减） decrease rise fall drop A. 这个工厂生产的彩电已由1986年的5000台增加到1990年的21000台。 The number of colour TV sets produced by the factory increased (rose . grew . climbed) from 5000 in 1986 to 21000 in 1990. B. 参加者的人数增加到30万。 The number of paticipants grew u

27、p to 300000 persons = increased , reaching 300000 persons) C. 这个学校的教职工人数已减少到700人。 The number of teaching staff members in this school has decreased to 700 persons 5. (be)three times as + 形容词 + as 总产量 total output 钢的年产量 the annual output of steel 上升 17% rise by 17percent 日产量 the dai ly output 导致产量下降

28、result in a diminished output 现在我们地区的粮食产量相当于1970年的3倍。 The grain production (二 output) in our area now is three times as great as that of 1970. 6. Compared with , 与去年相比，今年13项主要产品的产量都有大幅度增长。The factory has an output of 9 mi 11 ion cigarettes daily. Compared with that of last year, the output of 13 mai

29、n products (二 items) this year has increased to a great extent 7. There is (was) a rapid rise in be on the rise has been sharp increase on the increase sudden decrease on the decline steady decline gradual fal1 slow drop slight 最近几年来这个地区的棉花产量有了迅速增长。 The cotton output in this area has increased rapid

30、ly in the past few years “结尾”段落中常用的句型： 1. In my opinion, 2. Personally. I 3. In short (= In brief), 4. In conclusion, 5. As far as V m concerned, 6. To conclude t it seems clear that 7. According to the figures given in the table, 8. A study showed 9. As you may see from the diagram 10. The two char

31、ts above tel 1 us something about 至于说到我，我赞成前一种观点。所以，我的结论是，只要我们坚持正确的东西，改正错误 的东西，我们就一定能成功。 As far as I m concernedm in favour of the former view. Therefore.my conclusion is that we are certain to succeed as long as we stick to what is right and correct what is wrong 我再补充几点: 同学们在选用描述图表变化的动词、名词，介词词组，形容词

32、和程度副词方面要注意是 否准确到位和形象。 以下一些词汇大家重点揣摩： spiral upward / the demand for talents (fair ) spiraled upward / climbed drastically / soar / surge / experience an explosive growth / an acceleration / swe 11 / man age a modest ( marg iruil ) gain / on the rise / on the asce ndance / wane / shrink / slump / fall

33、 off / drop off / take a dip / take a nose dive / trend (tide ) / sth continued its upward / downward trend / reach the plateau / the bottleneck / sth level off / sth remains steady / stable / unchanged / constant / stay the same / There was a si ight drop( fal 1 ) between 2000 / and 2005 / hugely /

34、 sharply / dramatically / drastically / substantially / steeply / incredibly / massively / surprisingly / alarmingly / distressingly / slightly / steadily / gradually / marginally / moderately / gently / reach a ( the ) peak / the highest point / A record number of students / reach the nadir / reach

35、 the bottom / the rock bottom / experience a moderate fluctuation / swing / 另外，大家仔细研究我下面提供的五种描述图表的句型，在考试的时侯如果考到图表作 文要会灵活使用。 This bar chart describes significant changes in the ownership of houses in a big city in China It can be seen from the chart that a very noticeable trend from 1990 to 2000 was

36、the dramatic in crease in the private ownership of houses as opposed to the huge drop in the state ownership of houses In 1990. three out of four houses were state-owned However, by 2000, the percentage of the ownership of priQte houses has soared to 80% The above chart reveals that the huge expansi

37、on in the private house ownership has been accompanied by a corresponding fall in the state ownership of houses in a span of a decade.仃990-2000) As is suggested ( unfolded / demonstrated / illustrated / mirrored ) in the above chart, with the sharp rise in the private ownership of houses, the state

38、ownership of houses has dramatically ( substantially / alarmingly ) dropped in a passage of a decade. (1990-2000) According to the above chart, there has been a drastic growth in the private ownership of houses, while the state ownership of houses has shrunk steeply over the past decade(1990-2000) F

39、rom the above chart, we can see distinctly that the private ownership of houses has witnessed an huge rise as distinct from ( as opposed to / in contrast to / in comparison with ) the drastic decrease in the state ownership of houses in a matter of a decade(1990一2000) 对于平稳的 趋势的描述，可 以使用 的动 词或动 词词 组：t

40、o hardly change to have little change tc )keep steady to level off to remain constant to stay the same 表程度的副词： L 程 度 较 大 iderably dramatically GREat1y marked1y obviously quickly rapidly sharply significant 1y sudden1y 2. 程度较小： slightly gradual ly slowly steadily 时间的嵌入: 嵌入时间时所使用的介词和介词词组：in from” ” to

41、f/ “ between” “ .and” during, “ andf/ “ at the start of “ “by the end of ” ” over at the end of “ throughout “ “ 时间s +具体数据上升和下降趋势的组合描述： 1. 先上升后下降的句型： increased slowly during“ “ and “ “ but fell sharply in “ “ A steady fall in ” during “ “ and ” tl fol lowed the sharp incre aso i n 2. 先下降后上升的句型： “ “

42、fel1 before “ “began to make a recovery “ H continue t he recovery climbing to “ H H dropped during but increased again in ” ”“ fell and then pick up during col lapsed before rising to “ “ at the end of 3. 起伏波动的句型: 4. through “ “ fluctuated sharply all 波动不大的句型： hardly changed through the period betw

43、een ” “ and 柱状图形的描述 转换为线形图形的描述 饼状图形的描述 对于百分比进行描述所使用的句型： “% the ” “ is/has/have/are “ “ ” accounts for “ % of th e total takes up “ % in the whole chart 趋势的比较 1.表示相似的句型: Both share prices rose sharply in January. Neither company has made a profit yet Like X , Y fell in June. X rose just as sharply as Y 2. 表示差