[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟261

1、专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟261专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟261专业八级分类模拟261WRITING问题:1. In March 2016, South Korean Go grandmaster Lee Se-dol was beaten by AlphaGo in the final round of the chess game and thus lost the match. AlphaGo is a great success of artificial intelligence (AI). While researchers are excited becaus

2、e of this event, many Internet users are concerned that human intelligence will be at a disadvantage compared to AI in the future. So will artificial intelligence replace human intelligence? The following two excerpts are peoples different opinions about this debate. Write an article of NO LESS THAN

3、 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the positive and negative opinions expressed in the excerpts, and then 2. express your opinion about this debate, especially what humans can do to avoid the possibility of being controlled or even threatened by highly developed artificial intelligence. M

4、arks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 答案:范文1 Artificial Intelligence Will Replace Human Intelligence in the Future Artificial intelligence replacing human intelligen

5、ce is only a matter of time. Recent advance made in AI has proved that there are great possibilities to be explored in this field. Computer technology is developing fast in recent years. If further advance is made, it is reasonable to expect that in the near future AI will be at the same level with

6、human intelligence. Whats more, AI has the advantages of faster memory, easier ways of sharing, and immeasurable capacity. AI machines are not controlled by emotions and can thus make more objective decisions and therefore avoid mistakes that threaten the existence of all AI machines. Lastly, AI mac

7、hines can survive in many hostile environments, such as those with extreme cold or heat or no oxygen. They have more opportunities to last when disasters like earthquakes happen. This ability to survive catastrophes also enables AI machines to accomplish tasks impossible for humans. The trend of AI

8、machines doing more and more human jobs is becoming more and more obvious. 范文2 Artificial Intelligence Will Not Replace Human Intelligence in the Future AI cant replace human intelligence because AI machines do not have complex human feelings and personalities. They do not know what is love and frie

9、ndship. They may be able to do all kinds of difficult labor work, but no matter how brilliant they can get, it will be possible for them to evolve into sentient beings. This in some way constricts their evolution and further development. Besides, just as humans cant survive without food or clothes,

10、AI machines also require some necessities to keep functioning, like electricity. Also, AI machines, made from iron and steel, have their own limitations under certain circumstances. So long as AI has insufficiencies, humans will find ways to eliminate the possibility of being replaced. Finally, alth

11、ough humans are always bothered by all kinds of negative emotions, these emotions and our sometimes imperfect reason also give us the advantage over other creatures. Because of these, we humans have greater capability to learn and invent, thus granting us the dominant position in nature. So it can b

12、e expected that humans emotions will remain an advantage over AI machines and thus we have greater chances to evolve and retain our present domination over the machines we have developed. 问题:2. In recent years, the development of e-commerce in China has deeply influenced and changed Chinese peoples

13、shopping style. Taobao is an excellent example of e-commerce success. From the following two excerpts, you can see peoples opinions about the benefits they can get from e-commerce; but there still exist some doubts about shopping on the Internet. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which

14、you should: 1. summarize the advantages of e-commerce, and then 2. express your opinion about this commerce mode, especially what solutions can be offered to ease or solve the present doubts about e-commerce. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and languag

15、e quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 答案:范文1 Shopping on Taobao In such a big country like China, shopping sometimes can get really difficult for people. It is not realistic to shop around the whole country for just a single item. But with the Internet, e

16、verything becomes much easier. Shoppers can choose what they want and compare the prices and get the best bargain. Then they just place orders on the Internet, which will be quickly delivered to their doorsteps. People can also use e-commerce shops, like Taobao, to buy imported products. For example

17、, people can purchase all kinds of foods and clothes of foreign brands directly from Taobao. This helps people save a lot of trouble and money. Also, for students who study abroad, Taobao is a great platform where they can buy Chinese food and ingredients. For some Chinese young people, shopping on

18、Taobao has become a lifestyle. They can window shop in shopping malls to have a good look at the items they crave, and then go to the Internet and buy the items at even lower price. Whats more, delivery is free and return is also free within 7 days, which is a unique selling point for young people w

19、ho do not have so much money. 范文2 Caution When Shopping on Taobao Though more and more people are now used to shopping online, there are still many potential dangers about it. One popular joke about commodities purchased from online shops is about the totally different images models and customers pr

20、esent after wearing the same clothes. Though the reason may be that models are typically slim, this joke also reflects peoples concern about the quality of online items. Indeed, Taobao provides almost everything people need in their daily life. However, how to distinguish between authentic products

21、and fakes is a real difficulty for e-commerce consumers. Another problem about shopping on Taobao is that people can sometimes get cheated by some shop owners with evil intentions. Customers may have paid the amount of money required for their desired products only to find what they receive is total

22、ly different from what they have ordered. Pictures of items can be photo-shopped so that the color and look is much better than those of the real ones. After customers realize they have been cheated, they will have difficulty returning the items and getting the refund. Besides, shopping online depri

23、ves people of a lot of fun from hanging out with their friends. Previously, shopping in big malls is a kind of leisure activity for people to relax themselves. Friends can chat and eat in restaurants after shopping around. However, with shopping online becoming more and more popular, people no longe

24、r go out as often. As a result, friends may drift apart from each other due to their busy life and lack of appropriate ways to communicate. 问题:3. With the fast development of financial market in China, campus consumption has drawn the attention of many investors. They have begun to lend money to stu

25、dents, especially university students, to gain high profits. From the excerpts, you can see that there are still many problems when students try to borrow money through online platforms. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the main points of the two excerpts

26、, and then 2. express your opinion about online loaning and suggest what measures can be taken to prevent potential risks. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 答案:

27、范文1 Why Go Online to Borrow? In 2009, China Banking Regulatory Commission enacted regulations that required banks to gradually stop issuing credit cards to university students according to their age. Because of this, it has become more and more difficult for university students to apply for credit c

28、ards from banks. Thereafter, traditional credit cards are unable to enter the financial loaning market in universities. Students have to find other outlets for their great need of money. As a response to this great disparity between students dire need of money and the difficulty of obtaining credit

29、cards, online loaning has gained much popularity and momentum in recent years. Online loaning companies use various ways to advertise their online loaning products. They hire people to disperse pamphlets on the street or utilize the influence of online social networking that young people like to vis

30、it, like Wechat and Qzone. In order to attract university students, these companies make an effort to advertise the advantages of online loaning, such as no requirement of guarantors or guaranty; money lent the very day. Also, they prey on young peoples vanity of financial independence by propagandi

31、zing that you no longer need to ask for money from your parents or borrow money from your friends; you can spend money as you like and save your face at the same time. 范文2 Vicious Cycle after Borrowing Online According to a survey, over 67% of university students approve of installment consumption.

32、While 33% of them disapprove of this kind of consumption, 78% of these students have used installments to purchase products. The following example is typical of what happens to students when they go online to borrow money. Student A joined a QQ group where information about online loaning was sent o

33、ut to them frequently. Pretty soon, student A began to consider borrowing money from one of these companies. He bought an expensive telephone through installment repayment and paid 15 installments, the total sum of which was 5,000 RMB. Still, he had to pay 1,000 RMB more to clear his debt. As for th

34、e telephone, its original price was only 4,000 RMB when he bought it. If he failed to repay any installment on time, his parents and his university would be notified. To avoid this, he had to borrow money from another loaning company to repay this sum of money. Borrowing money online can be deceptiv

35、e. It seems to be all right on the surface. However, there are many secretive regulations hidden deep down. Students are usually lacking in social experience and can be easily cheated. As a result, they have to pay extremely high interests for the money they have borrowed. When the vicious cycle goe

36、s on and on, students may finally be powerless to handle it any longer. If, at this time, the loaners use violent methods to retrieve the money, like threatening them with violence or even death, they may be totally devastated and some may even choose to commit suicide. 问题:4. In recent years, with t

37、he increasing popularity of smartphones, more and more people have become addicted to taking photos with smartphones wherever they go and whatever they are doing. From the following two excerpts, you can see that despite peoples great enthusiasm, there is a negative side to taking photos with smartp

38、hones. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize the advantages of taking photos with smartphones and the reasons that lead to the tragedies, and then 2. express your opinion on this phenomenon, especially how to make the most of this technology without its negati

39、ve influence. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 答案:范文1 Fad on the Phone Every day when people log into their accounts of online social networking through their

40、smartphones, they can read news about what is happening around the world. But mostly, they look through their friends posts and learn about their life and feelings. In most cases, their posts are accompanied by photos taken with their smartphones. Why has it become so popular to take photos with sma

41、rtphones? One well-known reason is that smartphones are convenient to carry around. Previously, when people want to take photos on their vacations, they have to take their cameras with them, which may gradually become a burden. However, with smartphones, it is no longer necessary to take cameras, so

42、 that people can travel less burdened. Moreover, with the fast development of technology, smartphones can also take photos of high quality, the definition of which is almost the same as that of photos taken with regular cameras. Besides, compared with cameras, smartphones are always connected to net

43、working, making it possible for people to upload photos instantly and share them with their friends. People are thus more closely connected because they know what each others daily life is like. Another advantage of taking photos with smartphones is that people can download some PS apps on their pho

44、nes and then make their photos more attractive. For example, they can make the food they eat seem more appetizing and make themselves look slimmer with smoother skin. With photos taken with smartphones, they can present better images of their life, making themselves appear happier and more confident

45、. 范文2 Accidents Because of Smartphone Photography Although smartphone photography has brought a lot of convenience to peoples daily life, it sometimes can result in unexpected accidents. Since people can bring smartphones everywhere, people now are no longer satisfied with regular photos taken in tr

46、aditional places. They begin to challenge themselves by taking photos in extremely dangerous places and render their life in great jeopardy. Last year in August, below a grand waterfall in Dragon Gate, a mans dead body was discovered by the police. Beside him were his iPhone and a selfie stick. And

47、the last message he shared in his social network was a picture taken of himself halfway on the mountain. In March, an eighteen-year-old German young man with two of his buddies, without the notice of the guard, secretively climbed a skyscraper in Shenzhen without taking any precautionary measures. H

48、igh on the building, they took a series of terrific photos of the whole city and the streets below. Some people were awed by their behavior, while others were frightened. Besides, photos taken by smartphones can be used widely in social media. On the one side, some swindlers may download ones photos

49、 and then use these photos as their own pictures in their personal activities. On the other hand, since most of these photos have been processed and beautified by smartphone apps, they can be misleading and therefore cause trouble. There were reports about couples who built their relationship throug

50、h the Internet breaking up immediately after a date in reality out of great disappointment with each others appearance. Whats worse, there were women cheated, kidnapped or even killed by these men who cannot take lightly the sharp contrast between the cruel reality and the virtual world. 问题:5. For m

51、any years, Chinese parents and students have been enthusiastic about studying abroad. Parents are willing to pay a great amount of money to support their childrens daily life and study in overseas countries. Students believe studying abroad can help promote their competiveness when they return to Ch

52、ina after graduation. From the following two excerpts, you will see some trends and problems about studying abroad. Write an article of NO LESS THAN 300 words, in which you should: 1. summarize and comment on the trends and problems, and then 2. express your opinion about studying abroad, especially

53、 its advantages and disadvantages. Marks will be awarded for content relevance, content sufficiency, organization, and language quality. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. 答案:范文1 Trends in Overseas Study Every year, hundreds of thousands of Chinese students go ab

54、road to further their education. According to the statistics from the Ministry of Education, in recent two years, the percentage of graduates in all students who study abroad has decreased, while the number of undergraduates and middle school students has increased greatly. Although there are more a

55、nd more students applying for famous universities, admission rate is declining yearly, probably caused by high entrance requirements and Chinese students poor language and academic abilities. With more and more young students going to overseas middle schools, international classes in high schools at

56、 home have gained great popularity. Generally speaking, these classes charge higher tuition fees, provide more types of courses and set up more diploma programs. Also according to the statistics, more and more students who have studied abroad have chosen to come back to China to find jobs. This is partly because findi