-常用方位介词和短语

1、常用方位介词和短语【概念引入】介词后面可以跟名词和代词做宾语，构成介词短语。今天我们主要学习一下用来表 示方位的介词和介词短语。【用法讲解】1. on介词on表示在某物之上”的意思，它通常表示一个物体在另一个物体之表面上面。两 者之间有接触。例如：Your book is on the desk.你的书在课桌上面。There is a ball on the floor.地板上有个球。拓展：above和over的区别on指的有接触面的上面，但是 over和above都是没有接触面的上面。over 在正上方” 与 under相对。例如： There is a bridge over the ri

2、ver. 河上有一座桥。The picture is hanging over the blackboard. 那张图挂在黑板的正上方。above只表示 在上方或位置高出 ”，不一定是正上方，与 below相对。例如：A plane flew above our heads. 一架飞机从我们头上飞过。The Turners live above us.特纳一家人住在我们的上面。2. i n介词in表示在某物的里面”它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的内部、中间或者在某个范围之内。例如：Your pen is in the pencil case.你的钢笔在铅笔盒里面。She is the tal

3、lest in her class.她是她们班最高的。3. un der介词under表示 在某物的下面”它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的垂直正下 面，两者之间没有接触。例如：My bike is under the tree.我的自行车在树的下面。The shoes are un der the chair.鞋在椅子的下面。拓展：under和below 的区别under表示在之下”通常表示位置处于正下方，与介词 over在上方相对应。例如：There is a book un der the table.桌子下面有一本书。A cat is sitting under the table.

4、一只猫在桌子下面。below表示 在之下” 在的下游”与介词above相对应，常指在某物体之下，但不一定在该物的正下方。例如：He is below the average at school.他的学习成绩在水准以下。I looked dow n at the hall below.我瞧了瞧下面的大厅。4. beh ind介词behind表示在某物的后面”，它通常表示一个物体在另外一个物体的后面。例如：Your brother is behind the tree.你的弟弟在树的后面。She is standing behind her mother.她站在她妈妈的后面。5. n ext to

5、next to是由形容词next和介词to构成的介词短语表示紧挨着、在某物的旁边的意 思。例如：The table is next to the wall.桌子紧挨着墙。6. betwee n介词between表示某个物体、某人位于两者之间，通常表示一个人、物处于另外两 个人、物之间。例如：Your desk is between the door and the window.你的课桌位于门和窗户之间。 Lily sits between Mary and Ann. 丽丽坐在玛丽和安中间。拓展：between和among的区另Ubetween指两者之间，among指三者或三者以上的人或物之间

6、。例如：The teacher is amo ng the stude nts老师在学生们中间。7. outsideoutside指 在外面例如：There are many people outside the room. 房间外有很多人。What did you see outside the hall?你在大厅外看见了什么？8. nearnear在附近，与fa湘对例如：A hospital was built near the railway station.在火车站附近建了一所医院。My home is near the school.我的家离学校很近。9. in front of,

7、in the front ofin fron t of在前面，in the fro nt of表示 在前部”，指里面。例如： A river flows in front of the house. 房子前有一条河。There is a boy in the front of the car. 车的前座坐着一个小男孩。10. arou ndaround在周围，围绕例如：There are many trees around the village.村子周围有很多树围绕。There are flowers around the stage.舞台周围摆着鲜花。11. at“ at”意为“在”，可以

8、用在地点前也可以用在时间前。例如：Let meet at the school gate.我们在学校门口见面吧。I get up at seven oclock. 我七点起床。【巩固练习】I .把下列词组翻译成英语。1. 在沙发上2. 在桌子底下3. 在你的背包里4. 在抽屉里5. 在教室（外部）前面 n .单项选则。I. Your computer isto the door.A. beh indB. onC. inD. next2 The map isthe wallour classroom.A. on; onB. of; onC. on; atD. on; of3 Look! The

9、window isthe wall and the picture isthe wall.A. on; onB. in; inC. in; onD. on; in4 Where is my ball? lean t see it. Look! It sthe door.A. onB. inC. atD. beh ind5. Sally is very happy. There is a big smileher face.A. on B. to C. in D. at6. My father is ill （生病）,He is.A. in bed B. in the bed C. on bed

10、 D. on the bed7. There is a map of Chi nathe wall in the classroom.A. in B. on C. un der D. at8. There are three wi ndowsthe wall.A . in B. on C. at D. to9. There are many oran gesthe tree. A birdthe tree is eati ng an oran ge.A. in; on B. on; on C. in; in D. on; in10. What time do you usually go to

11、 bed?I usually go to bed11:00.A. inB. onC. atD. forII. We can seeold bikethe tree.A. a; un derB. the; at C. an; in D. an; un der12. My hats and coats are.A. on the bedB. un der deskC. in room D. un der the my bed13. He put up a mapthe back wall because there was a holeit.A. on; on B. at; in C. on; i

12、n D. on; at14. Dont readthe sun.A. at B. un derC. with D. in15. The boat is passingthe bridge.A. through B. below C. un derD. acrossIll.用适当的介词填空。1. A boy isthe tree.2. Can you pick（摘）the applesthe tree?3. There is a picturethe wall.4. There are two win dowsthe wall.5. I liveShan ghai.IV .阅读短文回答问题。To

13、m s roomIt s small but nice. A computer and some CDs are on the desk. His backpack is on the all.The ID card is on his bed. The shoes are un der the bed. A baseball is on the floor.Sally s roomt see a IIt very nice. The new pictures are on the wall. Her desk is near the window. Someflowers are on th

14、e desk. Where is her schoolbag? Oh, it s on the chair. We canbed, but we can see Mimi, her cat.The twi ns roomIt s big and nice. Two pencil cases are on the desk. Many books are on the bookcase. It big bed near the bookcase. One backpack is on the floor, and the other is on the chair. The jackets are beh ind the door. A picture of their father and mother is on the wall.1. Tom s ID card ishis bed, and his shoe