介词用法归纳

1、介词的用法与练习i.介词的种类1 .简单介词，常用的有at, in, on, about, across, before, beside, for , to, without, to, by,with, of,over, behind, up, after, against 等。2 . 复合介词，如 on to , along with, because of, in front of, instead of 等。3 .介词和其他词类的习惯搭配关系(1)和动词的搭配，如 agree with, ask for, belong to, keep away from, care about 等。(

2、2)和形容词的搭配，如 afraid of, angry with, different from, good at(3)和名词的搭配，如 answer to , key to, reason for, a visit to 等.*介词后常跟人称代词的宾格和动词的ing形式。ii.某些介词的意义与用法区别1. at, on, in(表时间)：at表示时间的一点；in表示一个时期；on表示特殊日子a. at后常接几点几分，天明，中午，日出，日落，开始等。如：at five oclock,at down, at noon, at midnight, at that time/moment ,at

3、this time of dayb. in后常接年，月，日期，上午，下午，晚上，白天，季节，世纪等。如：in 2006, in may , 2004 , in the morning , in the afternoon , in the evening ,in the 21st century , in three days , in a week , in spring 。* c.on后跟某日，星期几，某日的朝夕，节日等，即具体某一天极其早中、晚.on sunday, on a warm morning in april , on a december night ,on christma

4、s afternoon , on october 1, 1949 , on new year s day.*（特另u提示）： 在last, next, this, that, some, every等词之前律不用介词2. between, among(表位置)“在.之间a. between 仅用于二者之间，如 im sitting between tom and alice.b. among 用于三者或三者以上之间。如： he is the best among the students.3. beside, besides, exceptbeside 意为在旁边，he sat beside

5、me.besides 意为除之外，包括在内。what do you want besides this?except 意为除 一 之外,不包括在内they go to work in a week except saturday.4. in the tree, on the treein the tree ,指动物或人等外来的东西在树上，on the tree ,指果实或叶子等树本身长出来的东西5. on the way, by the way, in this wayon the way 指在路上,on one s way to .by the way指顺便问一句in this way 用这

6、样的方法 ,in that way , in other way, in these ways6. across, through, 和 past “通过 经过”across 从表面经过,如,road, bridge, riverthrough 从内部空间经过,如：city, woods, forests, window, gatepast ,从旁边经过.ex: fill in the blanks with past ,across or through.1. we have to walk the gate to go into the factory.2. when we went th

7、e cinema,we saw a traffic accident.3. look out the window, please.4. dont walkthe ice. it s dangerous.5. suddenly, a young man ran me.6. if you walk the square, you will see the sunflower hotel.7. the river goes the city.8. the old man can swim the stream.9. i walked him without saying hello.10. the

8、 army moved the forests quietly.7. for , since,a. since仅说明什么时候开始，后常跟一个具体的过去的时间 .b. for表示某动作或情况持续多久，后常跟一段时间。he has studied the piano for 5 years.they have lived here since 1978.ex: fill in the blanks with for or since.1. the little boy has been waiting two hours outside.2. he has taught here he gradu

9、ated from the college.3. the man has worked in the company twenty years ago.4. have you lived in china many years?5. her grandma has been ill a few months.8. in, after 以后”1. in +段时间”表示将来的一段时间以后，用在将来时态中.,常回答how soon的提问.8. after+段时间”表示过去的一段时间以后，相当于 一段时间+ latermy mother will come back in three or four

10、days.he arrived after fifty minutes. = he arrived fifty minutes later.ex: fill in the blanks with in or after.9. they will leave for guangzhou two hours.10. my father said that he would come back a week.11. three hous , they arrived at a small village.12. will you be able to finish the task half an

11、hour?13. mr. wang finally mastered how to work the machine ten days.9. by, with, in , on 表示方式，手段,工具，a. by以方法、手段或泛指某种交通工具，或跟v-ing形式.b. with 表不用 工具，c. in表示用方式，用语言（语调、颜色）等d. on 表示通过媒介 ,on the telephone, on the radio, on tveg: he learned japanese by listening to the radio.we chinese have meals with chop

12、sticks.the novel is written in english.ex: fill in the blanks with by, with or in,on1. i sent the message to him email.2. the pupils write pencils.3. do you know the meaning of word chinese ?4. the man climbed up to the tree a ladder.5. they solved the problem communicating.6. the woman was crying a

13、 low voice.7. the old man often gets news the radio.8. we often cut things a knife.9. he improved his writing skill keeping diaries.10. my grandpa can sing some songs russian.10 . 放在地点之前的介词 :at, in, ona. at （1）表示在小地方；（2）表示 在附近，旁边eg: at the door, at the table,b. in （1）表示 在大地方；（2）表示 在范围之内”。c. on 表示毗邻，

14、接壤d. to 表示在范围外，不强调是否接壤111. 介词的其他一些用法.1. against, 靠着 , 反对， 违背 , 对抗 . he was against the laws.2. as, 作为. english is used as a mother language.3. at, 在一旁边, the boy is sitting at the door.4. but, 除了 . he has nothing but money.5. for., 为 .，因为.，至于 . he failed the exam for his carelessness.6. like, 象 , 如同

15、. he looks like my best friend.7. till, until,直到，在一 以前. we didn t go home till five yesterday.8. with , 有，带着 。i d like some coffee with sugar.9. by, 在.附近 they live by a river.10. 短语介词 : thanks to, because of, in spite of, instead of, pass on to, with the help of一 . 选择最佳答案（表示时间关系的介词）.1.the plane arri

16、ved at london airport wednesday.a. onb. atc. ind. for2.what do you usually do christmas?a. onb. atc. ind. for3.mrs brown worded in the west of australia last summer?a. /b. onc. ind. since4.the first class begins 8 o clock the morning.a. at/onb. at/inc. on /ind. on/on5.the past two months he has been

17、 busy with his school work.a. forb. onc. sinced. at6.last saturday, we had had two football matches with class two.a. forb. /c. byd. during7.we will be in nanjing tuesday thursday.a. on/ throughb. on/toc. from/tod. on./till8.mr black will visit our new school building two days.a. beforeb. afterc. at

18、d. in9.the end of last spring wang hai joined the army the end a. at/atb. by/inc. in /atd. at /in10. we will have a football match this saturday afternoon.a. onb. /c. ind. for7.he came to see you the evening of may 10th.a. inb. atc. ond. forim afraid i gave you a lot of trouble my

19、 stay here.a. inb. forc. duringd. onthe singing group will have two performances october.a. afterb. sincec. /d. forthe supermarket is open midnight.a. atb. onc. tilld. /she didn t go to work that morning. she slept noon.a. / - tillb. on - tillc. at - atd. / - athe was ill a week, and the week he ate

20、 almost nothing .a. for/atb. for/duringc. during/duringd. for/fordays are longer summer than winter.18.19.a. in/inb. in/onc. from/tod. to/inchildren get presents christmas and their birthday. granny iscoming for lunchchristmas day.a. at/on/onb. on/on/onc. at/in/atd. in/on/innew year s eve people usu

21、ally dont go to bed until midnight.20.21.a. atb. onc. ford. intom and paul usually watch tv weekends.a. atb. inc. ford. /every day the old man takes these children home school.22.23.24.a. atb. toc. fromd. aftercould you come to my office the day after tomorrow.a./b. onc. ind. atwe had built three br

22、idges over the river the end of 1994.a. atb. onc. ford. bylife will be better the 21 st century.25.a. atb. onc. fordo you often work late night.a. atb. inc. ford. ind. during二 . 选择最佳答案（表示地点运动方向的介词）.1. i had a new card, and i didnt write .2.3.4.a. on itb. itc. in itthere is a bridge the river.a. unde

23、rb. overc. onhe said that he would meet us the cinema.a. inb. atc. onthere is a book storethe street corner.d. above itd. nextd. in.9.10.a. atb. inc. ond. byfrom the top of the teaching building we saw the lake us.a. underb. overc. belowd. abovethere are many beautiful birds the tree.a. onb.

24、atc. ind. besidesit was written page 20.a. atb. inc. ond. abovemy house is the two buildings, so we get little sunshine during the day.a. betweenb. amongc. ind. atlucy is waiting no.3 bus stop her father.a. for/forb. for/atc. at/ford. at/atdon t talk so loud table.11.12.a. byb. onc. atd. besideis th

25、ere anything interesting todays newspaper?a. inb. onc. atd. /cars and buses travel the road to the town.13.14.15.a. onb. alongc. incan you tell me who spoke the meeting ?a. atb. alongc. inmy uncle lives 208 smith street.a. atb. onc. toat last we reaches the village the hill.d. byd. ford. witha. at t

26、he foot ofb. at footc. on foot of d. in the foot from16. shanghai is the east of china and japan is the east of china.a. to/tob. to /inc. in /tod. in /in17. the end of the street you can find the post office.a. byb. atc. ond. in18. do you often listen the programmes the radio.a. to/ofb. to /inc. to/

27、ond. on /to19. please wait the office . dont come in until you are called.a. inb. intoc. insided. outside20. are you going to leave guangzhou beijing?a. forb. toc. from d. in21. the whale has a nose the top of its head.a. atb. above c. overd. on22. you must go the bridge and then you will see the ba

28、nk the left.a. over/onb. to /byc. to/ond. over/at23. there is a hole the wall.a. inb. atc. ford. towards24. can you tell me the way shanghai zoo?a. tob. atc. ford. towards25. bill kicked the ball too hard , and it went the street one of mr.smith s windows.to /a. across/on b. through./onc. across/thr

29、oughd.through选择最佳答案（注意与一些动词搭配使用的介词 ）1.thank you your coming.a. tob. ofc. byd. for2.he spent a long time the maths problem.a. inb. onc. ford. at3.mr li is going to help him his chinese this afternoon.a. withb. onc. byd. at4.how much did you pay this book?a. forb. atc. ond. with5.please translate the

30、sentence english.a. intob. toc. atd. for6.the price of the computer has been reduced5%.a. offb. toc. byd. about7.please fill the bottletea.a. byb. withc. ford. in8.the machines cut big pieces of metal small pieces.a. inb. byc. tod. into9.billy works hard at school and his teachers often praise him h

31、is hardwork.a. withb. atc. ond. for10.you must apologize her for your rudeness.a. tob. atc. ond. with11.i got angry and i threw a stone him.a. tob. towardsc. atd. for12.you can borrow the book your school library.a. fromb. toc. ford. at13.i prefer coffeetea.a. overb. toc. ford. than14.would you show

32、 me your factory?a. tob. inc. atd. round15.don t catch me the arm. i have nothing to do the matter.a. by/withb. on/withc. by/ond. on/on16.help yourselfsome fish. it tastes very nice.a. withb. onc. ind. to17.bill must deliver the newspaperspeoples housesall kinds ofweather.a. to/inb. at/inc. for/ford

33、. to/for18.they haven t decidedthe date for the next meeting.5.a. forb. byc. ind. onlet me introduce her you.a. withb. onc. tod. forli ling fell his bicycle this morninga. onb. downc. offd. toi shoutedher, but shi didnt hear me.a. tob. atc. ond. fortom has made friendsmany chinese

34、 students.a. withb. toc. byd. amongafter school, i often learn singing and dancing hobbies.a. /b. onc. ind. forli ming fell ill this morning, so he asked leave.a. fromb. forc. ond. ini saw the man hit the boy the face.a. inb. onc. towardd. by选择最佳答案（注意介词的习惯用法）1. mr li, shall i write ink?a. byb. ofc.

35、ind. with2. can you find out the answerthese questions?a. ofb. forc. tod. with3. his help, i passed the english test yesterday.a. underb. ofc. withd. by4. don t forget to bring your text book you.a. inb afterc. withd. to5. the people are waiting the bus, and they ate standing line.a. for/onb. for/inc. at /ond. at/in6. can you sing this song english?a. withb. inc. byd. for7. who is the boy blue trousers?a. inb. onc. withd. at8. he decided to get some medicinehis cold.a. tob. ofc. ond. for9. the baby s sleeping. don t speaksuch a loud voice.10.11.12.a. withb. inc. ond. atthe old woman o