Direct-and-Indirect-Speech教学文案

1、 精品文档grammar: direct and indirect speech（直接引语和间接引语）direct and indirect speechi句式情况1. 转述他人的陈述陈述句he said , “im going to beijing.” he said that he was going to beijing.2. 转述他人的疑问一般疑问句he asked, “are you a teacher?” he asked me if /whether i was a doctor.3. 转述他人的问题特殊疑问句she said , “what are you doing?” sh

2、e asked me what i was doing.直接引语变成间接引语，句子结构的变化1. 陈述句:用连词 that 引导，that 在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直接用引语中的 said, 也可用 told 来代替，注意，可以说 said that, said to sb. that, told sb.that，不可直接说 told that1)he said, “i have been to the great wall. ”he said to us that he had been to the great wall.2)he said, “ill give you an ex

3、amination next monday. ”he told us that he would give us an examination the next monday.3)“i dont like computers,” sarah said to her friendssarah said to her friends that she didnt like computers.2. 一般疑问句: 间接引语用连词 whether 或 if 引导，原主句中谓语动词 said 要改为 asked(me/him/us 等)，语序是陈述句的语序1)he said, “do you have

4、any difficulty with pronunciation?”he asked (me) whether/if i had any difficulty with my pronunciation.2)he said, “you are interested in english, arent you?”he asked whether i was interested in english.3)is it easy to improve the condition of the soil?( they asked him )they asked him if it was easy

5、to improve the condition of the soil.3. 特殊疑问句: 原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用 ask(sb. )来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。1)he said to me，“whats your name?”he asked me what my name was.2)he asked us, “how many car factories have been built in your country?”he asked us how many car factories had been built in our country.3)whe

6、n do you harvest the wheat ?( they asked him )they asked him when he harvestetdhe wheat.精品文档 精品文档4. 选择疑问句: 用 whetheror表达，而不用 ifor，也不用 eitheror1)he asked, “do you speak english or french?”he asked me whether i spoke english or french.2)i asked, “will you take a bus or take a train?”i asked him whethe

7、r he would take bus or take train.5. 直接引语变为间接引语时需要注意的变化1)注意时态的变化2)注意人称变化。3)注意指示代词的变化4. 注意时间的变化5)注意地点的变化6)注意个别趋向动词的变化(when you change a sentence from direct speech to indirect speech, you sometimesneed to change the verb tense. you may also need to change pronouns , time in orderto keep the same mean

8、ing.)direct indirectpresent pastpast present perfect past perfectpast and past perfectpast perfectpast perfect6. 谓语动词时态变化需要注意几点：1)直接引语表述的是客观真理，变为间接引语时，时态不变the geography teacher said, “the sun rises in the east and sets in the west.”the geography teacher told us that the sun rises in the east and set

9、s in the west.2)如果直接引语所表述的内容在目前和说话时同样有效，变间接引语时，时态可不变the children said, “we love this game.”they told us that they love that game.3)主句谓语动词的时态是现在时态，在引述时，时态不变。she says, “ill never forget the days in the country.”she says that shell never forget the days in the country.4)从句时态无须改变的还有以下情况:(1)当主句的谓语动词是将来时的

10、时候(2)当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时(3)当直接引语中有以 when, while 引导的从句，表示过去的时间时(4)当引语是谚语、格言时(5)当直接引语中有情态动词 should, would, could, had better, would rather, might,must, ought to, used to, need 时精品文档 精品文档间接引语that, thoseyesterdaylast week方向性动词 come, bringgo, take直接引语中的助动词 间接引语中的助动词mightcancouldmustcould（不变）must/had toex

11、ercises:i按要求改变句子1. he said , “i m afraid i cant finish this work.”he said that he was afraid he couldnt finish that work.2.he said , “i havent heard from him since may.”he said that he hadnt heard from him since may.3.tom said “i will see you next week.”tom said that he would see me the next week.4.

12、 “why were you late again?” the teacher said to me.the teacher asked me why i was late again.5. “i dont like swimming,” said sarah.sarah said she didnt like swimming.6. his friends asked him if he would go to dalian.his friends asked him, “will you go to dalian?”7. “have you been to paris?” my class

13、mate asked me.my classmate asked me if i had been to paris.ii. 单项选择精品文档 精品文档1. jack said to me, “you look worried today.”jack told me that _ worried _.a. he lookstodayb. you looktodayc. we lookedthat dayd. i lookedthat day2. we said to her, “theyre walking through the street now.”we told her that _t

14、hrough the street _.a. we were walkingthen b. you are walkingnowc .they were walkingthen d. they walkingnow3. mr. black said, “i have walked a long way this week.”mr. black said that _ a long way _.a. i had walkedlast weekc. i walkedlast weekb. he had walkedthat weekd. he has walkedthis week4. the m

15、an thought, “i shall take it back tomorrow.”the man thought that _take it back_.a. i shalltomorrowb. i shallthe next dayc. he shouldtomorrowd. he would the next day5. they said to us, “are you afraid to leave this house ?”they asked us _ afraid to leave _ house.a. that were wethisc. if were we thisb

16、. that we werethatd. if we werethat6. jane said, “what did he hear about a week ago?”jane asked _ about _.a. that he hearda week agob. what he had heardthe week beforec. what he had herd a week ago d. if he heardthe week ago7. she asked, “whose house will he break into next time ?”she asked whose ho

17、use _ break into _.a. will henext timeb. would hethe next timec. he wouldthe next time d. he willnext time8. jack said to her, “where do you spend your holidays?”jack asked her where _ holidays.a. she spent herc. she spend herb. you spend yourd. you spent your9. black asked me, “ why havent you left

18、 here yet?”black asked me why _ yet.a. i hadnt left thereb. havent left here精品文档 精品文档c. hadnt i left thered. havent i left here10. the teacher asked her, “does the sun rise in the east ?”the teacher asked her _ the sun _ in the east.a. ifrise b. ifrises c. whetherrosed. whether did risekeys: dcbddbc

19、aab高考链接1.readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.a. get overb. get inc. get alongd. get through解析：答案 c。本题主要考查具体语境中 get 短语的用法。全句意为：尽管读者不知道每个单词的确切含义，但他们能够很好得读懂，即读书进展得顺利，故用get along。2. its hard for me to imagine what i would be doing today if i _ in love, at theage of seven, with the melinda cox library in my hometown.a. wouldnt have fallenb. had not fallenc. should falld. were to fall解析：答案 b。本题考查了 fall in love 在虚拟语