宾语从句和表语从句详解与练习

1、宾语从句和表语从句详解 名词性从句指的是在整个句子中起名词作用的从句。这种从句可以做主语、宾语、表语、同位语等， 所以这类从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。各种名词性从句的结构都是相同的，即 由if， whether ， that和各种疑问词充当连接词，后接陈述语序。 例如： What they are doing seems very important.(主语从句) 他们在做的事似乎很重要。 My hope is that he will be the best student in the class.(表语从句) 我的愿望是他能够成为班上最好的学生。 Nobody kn

2、ows who he is .(宾语从句) 大家都不知道他是谁。 I dont like the idea that money is everything.(同位语从句) 我不喜欢金钱就是一切这一观点。 引导名词性从句的连接词中，除了that，if和whether之外其它的都作从句中的一个成分。 【宾语从句】 在句子中作动词或介词宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。引导宾语从句的词有连词that， whether ， if ； 连接代词 who ，which ， what 以及其强调形式 whoever ，whichever ，whatever ；连接副词 when ， where ， why ， ho

3、w 等。 例如： Do you know where the Greens live? I have no interest in how rich he is. 宾语从句主要用于下面五种结构： 1 .由that引导的宾语从句(that引导宾语从句时，特别是在口语中可省略) The boy believes that he will travel through space to other planets. that 弓丨导的宾语从句多用于 say， think ， insist ， wish ， hope ， demand，imagine， wonder， know ， suppose ，

4、 see， believe ， agree ， admit ， deny ， expect ， explain，order ，command， feel， dream ， suggest ， hear ， mean ， notice ， prefer ， request ， require，propose， declare， report 等后。 当主句谓语动词是think ， believe ， suppose ， expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常 把否定转移至主句表示。例如：I don t think it is right for him to treat you like

5、 that. (= I think it is not right for him.) that不能省略的情况： (1 )当句中的动词后接多于两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个 that可省，但后面的that不可 省。如： He said (that ) you were too young to understand the matter and that he was asked not to tell you . (2 )当主句的谓语动词与that宾语从句之间有插入语时，that 一般不可省。如： Just then I noticed ， for the first time ，

6、that our master was wearing his fine green coat and his black silk cap . (3 )当that从句是双宾语中的直接宾语时，that不可省。如： I can t tell him that his mother died. 2 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 这样的宾语从句实际上是由特殊疑问句变化而来的，宾语从句要用陈述句语序。用于这种结构的动词 常常是：see， say， tell， ask， answer ， know ， decide ， show， find out ， imagine ， suggest ， doubt

7、， wonder ， discover ， understand ， inform ， advise 等。 I can t decide which book I should buy 3 .由whether(if )引导的宾语从句 I wonder whether (if) they will come to our party. 由whether(if)引导的宾语从句，实际上是一般疑问句演变而来的。意思是是否”宾语从句要用 陈述句语序。一般说来，在宾语从句中 whether与if可以互换使用。 4 宾语从句后带有宾补时，需用it作形式宾语，而把宾语从句放在句后，这时that不省略。 例如：

8、 He thought it wrong that they left the child alone at home. 【表语从句】 在句子中作表语的从句叫做表语从句。引导表语从句的词有连词that ，whether ;连接代词 who， what ，which ;连接副词 when ，where ，how， why 以及其它连词 as if， as though ， because 等。 例如：The question is whether it is worth reading. They are just what I want. That s why they were late .

9、 1 .含有表语从句的复合句中的主语通常是fact，truth ，explanation ， problem ， opinion ，view 等。 女口： The fact is that fish cant go without water. 事实是鱼离开水不能存活。 2 . as if (as though )也可以用于表语从句。但多是以下面形式出现。 主语+ look (seem ) as if +从句 女口： It looked as if it was going to snow. It seems as if there will be a quarrel soon. 注意：不用i

10、f引导表语从句。reason做主语时，表语从句应由that弓I导，不用because。that引 导表语从句时，通常不能省略。 专项练习 I flew to New York for the talk show on TV last week Is that you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. where I ask her come with me A . if she will if will she C. whether will she will she It was a matter of would take the

11、position A . who B . whoever C. whom D . whomever Can you tell me A . who is that gentleman is B . that gentleman is who C . who that gentleman is D . whom is that gentleman Can you tell me the railway station? A . how I can get to B . what can I get to C . where I can got to D . where can I get to

12、It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants 7. 8. 9. 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 A. however B. whatever C. whichever D . whenever Do you know A . what is his name C . what his name is B . how is his name D . how his name is Go and get your coat Itsyou left it A . there B . wh

13、ere C . there where D . where there I wonder how much A . does the watch cost B . did the watch cost C . the watch costed D . the watch costs It washe saiddisappointed me A . what ； thatB . that ； that C . what ； whatD . that ； what Is Mary from New York City? I dont know A . from what city does she

14、 come from B . from what city she come C . what city does she come from D . what city she comes from Henry killed the dog . ril ask him why A . did he do thatB . he did that C . he did D . he has done so Have you seen Henry lately? My boss wants to know A . how he is getting along B . how is he gett

15、ing along C . what he is getting along D . what is he getting along I am surehe said is true. A . that B . about thatC .of thatD . that what You can t imaginewhen they received these nice Christmas presents A .how they were excitedB . how excited they were C .how excited were theyD . they were how e

16、xcited Why the explosion occurred wasthe laboratory attendant had been careless A . for B . becauseC . since D . that We gave himhelp we could. A . which B . what C . that D . this Excuse me would you please tell me? A . when the sports meet is taken place B . when is the sports meet going to be hel

17、d C . when is the sports meet to begin D . when the sports meet is to take place This book will show youcan be used in other contexts. A . how you have observed B . how what you have observed C . that you have observed D . how that you have observed 20 . Where do you think? A. has he goneB . has he beenC. hes goneD . was he 参考答案： 1 . A由句子结构得知，空白处应选能在表语从句中作状语的连接副词，A. B . D三个答案均能 满足这一要求，但根据句意应选A , why为连接副词，在表语从句中作原因状语。 2 . A宾语从句作ask的直接宾语，应用陈述句语序。 3 . A空白处在宾语从句中做主语，因而可首先排除C、D两项。whoever = anyone who与题 意不符，故答案为 A。 4 . C宾语从句应用陈述句语序。你能告诉我那位绅士是谁吗？” 5 . A问路应该说How can I get to ，宾语从句应用陈述句语序，故