怎样提高英语阅读理解

1、文献综述 (Literature Review ) 题目名称 How to improve stude nts ability in comprehension （中英文） 怎样提高学生阅读理解能力 学生 年/班级 学号 分数 评卷人 统分人 Bacon said in his book Talking about Reading: “ Reading makes a full man which shows that reading plays an important r ole in one study, especially in English study. But what the

2、 definition of reading? It is said in YuWenBaiKeDaDian (郑振涛，1996) that reading is an activity to guide the students to read, also named teaching by reading articles .Listening, speaking, reading and translating are four essential parts of English learning. Of the four skills, reading takes an extrem

3、ely important part in that reading is the most basic method for social cognition of nowadays. Its main task is to arouse students interest in reading, make them grasp scientific ways of study, develop good reading habits and improve the ability of reading. Teaching of English reading aims at cultiva

4、ting the ability of reading and comprehension skills .It teaches the way to enlarge one vocabulary and enrich language knowledge, improving the level of language use. And this asks us to have a reasonable reading strategies. While reading strategies are relevant to reading skills. Brown. H. Douglas

5、defined reading skills as the following micro-skills :(1)Having a clear reading purpose;(2) using drawing rules or patterns to help understand the Bottom-up Model (3)reading silently to accomplish fast readingand comprehension;(4)skimming;(5)usingthe schema of semantics;(6)guessing the strategies;(7

6、)analyzing the words;(8)distinguishing the literal meaning and implicit meaning;(9)paying close attention to the function of punctuation marks and the relationship of the context. Most students are weak in reading ,this is because of the students reading skills and teaching methods. The current situ

7、ation of English reading is that the reading strategy commonly used by teachers is a teacher-centered model, emphasizing language analysis rather than the whole passage. In class, the teachers analyze the passage literally, including the language knowledge, grammar and the content. It takes plenty o

8、f time but has lower efficiency. And as a result, the students become passive. Therefore, this kind of strategy has the following disadvantages Firstly, paying too much attention to the information provided by words. The teachers misunderstand that understand each word sentence meaning, then the stu

9、dents will understand the whole passage, this is certainly not true. Secondly, seeing a small part of the passage not the whole. It will hinder the transmission of the passage In pmesa ajegit s not a single word that has the function of communication but the whole. Readers always hope they can gain

10、some information from the passage and try their best to use all kinds of ways to understand the passage better to achieve the communicative goal. Thirdly, too much emphasis on language details. The speed is slow and is bad for students memory. So while reading, the emphasis should be put in larger u

11、nit of language instead of some special words. Fourthly, using deficient reading strategy, this is because we ignore the structure of the passage and the analysis of the context. The teachers will focus on the sentences but ignore the relationship between the sentences. They always teach their stude

12、nts according to their experience. This influences students attitudes to reading and the students will form a fixed model of reading: translating the passage literally. Of course ,there exists some problems in students themselves. To start with , small amount of vocabulary. As Wuna(2014) mentioned t

13、hat lacking of vocabulary will make it difficult to understand the passage. If students do not spend time accumulating vocabulary and are not familiar with the use of set structures and idioms, then there will appear many obstacles to your comprehension to the passage. In addition little understandi

14、ng to the difference of cultural background. Professor Jia Yuxin(1997) elaborates that intercultural communicative competence is the ultimate goal of foreign language teaching and language education, to a large extent, is cultural education. Reading is a kind of cultural communicative activity. A fa

15、mous linguist Widdowson (1978) believes that as a comprehension process of discourse, reading not only involves the percept of the meaning of the phrases and sentences but also how they express a certain meaning as part of the passage. Then we can study reading regarding it as a communicative event.

16、 According to Liu Chenhua(2003),the main affects of cultural difference on English reading are: firstly, students have difficulties grasping the discourse structure as a whole. Secondly, the ambiguity caused by the sentence lead to the misunderstanding of the discourse. Thirdly, students have little

17、 understanding of Western cultural background. Bad reading habits also leads to low comprehension of the passage. These habits includes: 1. Reading with sound: it limits the speed and efficiency of reading 2. Reading with finger or pen: students will use a finger or pen point the word to read. It wi

18、ll slow down the reading speed and distract students attention. 3. Repeatedly reading: reading a sentence or paragraph again and again. Accordingly there are many methods to solve these problems. .Enlarging students amount of vocabulary: both the old and new English Curriculum Standard have requirem

19、ent on students of vocabulary. That s to sayocabulary is also an important part of reading. Teaching vocabulary can be conducted in two ways : direct instruction or presence guidance. some teachers think that teaching vocabulary is a low level teaching activity 2ntroducing and comparing cultural bac

20、kground before students read: helping students improve students sensibility of culture, the ability of communication and a rouse students interests. Keeping good reading habits: generally, teachers should ask students to read the whole passage and understand the general idea the first time. When the

21、re are new words, the students should guess the meaning of the words according to the context instead of looking up in the dictionary. Finally, constructing effective reading strategies. This thesis mainly focuses on this point. There is a saying that: “ if you want to do things well, first make eve

22、rything ready for you. The teacher should teach the students proper theory and skills to improve the quality and efficiency of reading. First, activating the original knowledge. The factors influence reading involve the level of intelligence, physical and psychological conditions, economic and cultu

23、ral background, interests, language foundation and so on. Second, generalizing the information: generalize the main idea of the passage briefly. It is a reflection of the passage. Third, regulate reading speed scientifically: in an information era, people become more and more aware of the importance of improving the