高考英语语法复习-名词性从句ppt课件

1、十一、名词性从句十一、名词性从句 熟读深思熟读深思 熟读下列句子，并思考画线的从句在全句中作什熟读下列句子，并思考画线的从句在全句中作什 么成分。么成分。 1.1.what he did what he did made me extremely angry.made me extremely angry. 他所做的让我非常生气。他所做的让我非常生气。 2.my suggestion is 2.my suggestion is that we should turn the that we should turn the land into rice field land into rice

2、field. . 我的建议是我们应该把这块耕地改成稻田。我的建议是我们应该把这块耕地改成稻田。 3.the fact 3.the fact that he tells lies all the timethat he tells lies all the time makes us surprised. makes us surprised. 他一直撒谎的事实让我们很吃惊。他一直撒谎的事实让我们很吃惊。 4.our success depends upon 4.our success depends upon how well we can how well we can cooperate

3、with one another cooperate with one another. . 我们的成功依靠我们相互合作得怎么样。我们的成功依靠我们相互合作得怎么样。 5.he told me 5.he told me that his father had died and that his father had died and that he lived alone that he lived alone. . 他告诉我他的父亲去世后，他独自一人生活。他告诉我他的父亲去世后，他独自一人生活。 6.she has made it clear 6.she has made it clear

4、that she will get that she will get married next month married next month. . 她明确表示她下个月要结婚了。她明确表示她下个月要结婚了。 7.our success depends on 7.our success depends on whether everyone whether everyone works hard works hard. .（不用（不用ifif） 我们成功与否依靠每一个人的努力。我们成功与否依靠每一个人的努力。 8.let me know 8.let me know whether or no

5、t you can whether or not you can come come.(.(不用不用if)if) 让我知道你是否能来。让我知道你是否能来。 9.9.whether we will go picnicking tomorrowwhether we will go picnicking tomorrow depends on the weather.( depends on the weather.(不用不用if)if) 明天我们是否去野餐要看天气。明天我们是否去野餐要看天气。 10.the advice 10.the advice that she wait till next

6、weekthat she wait till next week is reasonable.( is reasonable.(不用不用which)which) 让她等到下个星期的建议是合理的。让她等到下个星期的建议是合理的。 归纳总结归纳总结 1.1.主语从句主语从句 (1)(1)引导主语从句的关联词有引导主语从句的关联词有:that(:that(不充当句子不充当句子 成分成分, ,仅起引导作用仅起引导作用, ,通常用通常用itit作形式主语作形式主语) )， whether,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whether,who,whom,whose,w

7、hat,which,whoever, whatever,whichever,where,when,how,why whatever,whichever,where,when,how,why。 (2)(2)主语从句能用主语从句能用itit作形式上的主语。常用作形式上的主语。常用itit作作 形式主语的句型有：形式主语的句型有： it+be+it+be+形容词（形容词（obvious,natural,obvious,natural, surprising, wonderful,possible,likely, surprising, wonderful,possible,likely, certa

8、in,probable,etc.) +that certain,probable,etc.) +that从句从句. . it+be+it+be+名词词组（名词词组（no wonder,an honor,a no wonder,an honor,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that good thing,a pity,no surprise,etc.)+that 从句从句. . it+be+it+be+过去分词（过去分词（said,reported,thought,said,reported,thought, expected,decided,an

9、nounced,arranged,etc.) expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc.) +that +that从句从句. . it+seems, happensit+seems, happens等不及物动词及短语等不及物动词及短语 +that+that从句从句. . it doesnt matter (makes no difference,it doesnt matter (makes no difference, etc.)+ etc.)+连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句连接代词或连接副词引导的主语从句. . （3 3）注意连接代词）注意连接代词w

10、hoever,whatever,whoever,whatever, whichever whichever等引导主语从句的含义。等引导主语从句的含义。 whoever comes will be welcome.whoever comes will be welcome. (whoever=the person who) (whoever=the person who)来的人将受到欢迎。来的人将受到欢迎。 2.2.宾语从句宾语从句 (1)(1)引导宾语从句的关联词有四类：引导宾语从句的关联词有四类：that(that(在宾在宾 语从句中常可以省略）；从属连词语从句中常可以省略）；从属连词if/

11、whether;if/whether; 连接代词连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever, whatever,whichever whatever,whichever；连接副词；连接副词where,when,where,when, how,why how,why。 （2 2）在）在think,believe,suppose,expectthink,believe,suppose,expect等动词等动词 形成的否定句中，否定词前移。形成的否定句中，否定词前移。 （3 3）在）在think,be

12、lieve,imagine,suppose,think,believe,imagine,suppose, guess,hope guess,hope等动词以及等动词以及im afraidim afraid等后，可用等后，可用 soso代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可以用代替一个肯定的宾语从句，还可以用notnot代替代替 一个否定的宾语从句。如：一个否定的宾语从句。如：i believe so./i i believe so./i dont believe so. (i believe not.) dont believe so. (i believe not.) （4 4）宾语从句的时态变化规律

13、：）宾语从句的时态变化规律：当主句是一当主句是一 般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。般现在时态时，从句可根据需要用任何时态。 当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过当主句是一般过去时态时，从句只能使用过 去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。去范围内的任何时态。但客观真理除外。 3.3.表语从句表语从句 （1 1）引导表语从句的关联词有）引导表语从句的关联词有that,whether,that,whether, as,as if,who,whom,whose,what,which, as,as if,who,whom,whose,what,which, whoever,whatever,w

14、hichever,where,when, whoever,whatever,whichever,where,when, how,why how,why。 （2 2）where, why, because, howwhere, why, because, how等引导的从句作等引导的从句作 this isthis is或或that isthat is的表语时，表示地点、原因、的表语时，表示地点、原因、 方式等。方式等。 （3 3）连词）连词becausebecause可引导表语从句。可引导表语从句。 （4 4）主语是）主语是reasonreason时，表语从句常用时，表语从句常用that,tha

15、t,不用不用 becausebecause。 4.4.同位语从句同位语从句 （1 1）同位语从句的先行词多为）同位语从句的先行词多为fact,news,idea,fact,news,idea, thought,question,reply,promise,truth, thought,question,reply,promise,truth, report,remark report,remark等，关联词多用从属连词等，关联词多用从属连词thatthat （不用（不用which)which)。 （2 2）同位语从句偶尔由从属连词）同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whetherwhether引导。引导

16、。 （3 3）thatthat引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 thatthat引导同位语从句时只起连接从句的作用，引导同位语从句时只起连接从句的作用， 无意义，不充当句子成分，不可省。无意义，不充当句子成分，不可省。thatthat在定在定 语从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成语从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成 分，如果在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。分，如果在定语从句中作宾语时可省略。 the news that mr.li will be our new the news that mr.li will be our new english teac

17、her is true. english teacher is true.（同位语从句，（同位语从句， thatthat不可省）不可省） 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 the news (that) he told me yesterday is the news (that) he told me yesterday is true. true.（定语从句，（定语从句，thatthat在从句中作在从句中作toldtold的宾的宾 语，可省）语，可省） 他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 试题精选试题精选 1.1. ma

18、de the teacher proud was made the teacher proud was more more than half of her students had been than half of her students had been admitted to key universities. admitted to key universities. a.what;that a.what;thatb.what;becauseb.what;because c.that;what c.that;whatd.that;becaused.that;because 解析解析

19、 题中含有两个从句。因主语从句中缺少题中含有两个从句。因主语从句中缺少 主语，故用主语，故用whatwhat引导；表语从句中不缺少句子引导；表语从句中不缺少句子 成分，故用成分，故用thatthat引导。引导。 a 2.information has been put forward 2.information has been put forward more more middle school graduates will be admitted middle school graduates will be admitted into universities. into univer

20、sities. a.while a.whileb.thatb.that c.when c.whend.asd.as 解析解析 thatthat从句作从句作informationinformation的同位语，的同位语，thatthat 在从句中不作句子成分，不可省略。在从句中不作句子成分，不可省略。 b 3.not sure of 3.not sure of he will be admitted by he will be admitted by the high quality middle school or not,he the high quality middle school o

21、r not,he feels quite uneasy. feels quite uneasy. a.when a.whenb.ifb.if c.whether c.whetherd.thatd.that 解析解析 此处为此处为whetherwhether引导的从句作介词引导的从句作介词ofof的的 宾语。宾语。 c 4.after five days climbing in the 4.after five days climbing in the mountain, they reached mountain, they reached they thought they thought

22、was the place theyd been dreaming of. was the place theyd been dreaming of. a.that a.thatb.whereb.where c.which c.whichd.whatd.what 解析解析 reachreach是及物动词，其后要跟宾语从句。是及物动词，其后要跟宾语从句。 而而they thoughtthey thought是插入语，宾语从句中缺少主是插入语，宾语从句中缺少主 语，所以必须用语，所以必须用whatwhat。 d 5.5. was of little importance. was of littl

23、e importance. a.no matter how he might pass the a.no matter how he might pass the examination examination b.though he might pass the examination b.though he might pass the examination c.whether he passed the examination or c.whether he passed the examination or not not d.he might pass the examinatio

24、n d.he might pass the examination 解析解析 这是一个由这是一个由whetherwhether引导的主语从句。引导的主语从句。no no matter how matter how与与thoughthough都不能引导主语从句；都不能引导主语从句；d d项项 不是一个从句。不是一个从句。 c 6.world aids day is also important in 6.world aids day is also important in reminding us that hiv has not gone away, reminding us that hi

25、v has not gone away, and and there are many things still to there are many things still to be done. be done. a.which a.whichb.whatb.what c.that c.thatd./d./ 解析解析 句中有多个宾语从句时，第二个句中有多个宾语从句时，第二个thatthat和和 以后的以后的thatthat都不能省略。都不能省略。that hiv has not that hiv has not gone away gone away和和that there are.tha

26、t there are.是是remindremind的两的两 个并列的宾语从句。个并列的宾语从句。 c 7.i have not found my bike yet;and now,im 7.i have not found my bike yet;and now,im not sure not sure i should do with the case. i should do with the case. a.where a.whereb.whetherb.whether c.what c.whatd.howd.how 解析解析 what.do withwhat.do with是固定搭配

27、，是固定搭配，whatwhat引导引导 宾语从句并在从句中作宾语。宾语从句并在从句中作宾语。 c 8.professor lis book will show you 8.professor lis book will show you can be used in other contexts. can be used in other contexts. a.that you have observed a.that you have observed b.how you have observed b.how you have observed c.how what you have o

28、bserved c.how what you have observed d.how what have you observed d.how what have you observed 解析解析 句意为：李教授的书会向你展示你所观句意为：李教授的书会向你展示你所观 察到的知识怎样能适用于其他的场合。察到的知识怎样能适用于其他的场合。howhow引导引导 了一个宾语从句，而宾语从句中又缺少主语，了一个宾语从句，而宾语从句中又缺少主语， 所以用所以用what you have observedwhat you have observed充当宾语从句充当宾语从句 中的主语，该主语从句用陈述语序。

29、中的主语，该主语从句用陈述语序。 c 9.the old man was so angry and spoke so 9.the old man was so angry and spoke so fast that none of his children understood fast that none of his children understood he said meant. he said meant. a.that that a.that thatb.what whatb.what what c.what c.whatd.thatd.that 解析解析 本题考查宾语从句和主

30、语从句。第一个本题考查宾语从句和主语从句。第一个 whatwhat引导宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作引导宾语从句，并在宾语从句中作meantmeant的的 宾语；第二个宾语；第二个whatwhat引导主语从句，并在该主语引导主语从句，并在该主语 从句中作从句中作saidsaid的宾语。的宾语。 b 10.along with the letter was his promise10.along with the letter was his promise he would visit me this coming he would visit me this coming christmas.

31、christmas. a.which a.whichb.thatb.that c.what c.whatd.whetherd.whether 解析解析 这是一个同位语从句，从句中不缺少成这是一个同位语从句，从句中不缺少成 分，故用分，故用thatthat来引导，用来补充说明来引导，用来补充说明promisepromise 的内容。的内容。 b 11.evidence has been piled up 11.evidence has been piled up drinking drinking water after getting up in the morning water after

32、 getting up in the morning contributes to ones health. contributes to ones health. a.what a.whatb.whichb.which c.if c.ifd.thatd.that 解析解析 考查同位语从句。考查同位语从句。evidenceevidence和后面的从和后面的从 句表达的是同一个内容，所以是同位语从句，句表达的是同一个内容，所以是同位语从句， 从句中不缺少成分所以要用从句中不缺少成分所以要用thatthat来引导。来引导。 d 12.12. is known to all is that whil

33、e is known to all is that while driving drivers should keep an eye out driving drivers should keep an eye out for road signs,on which are words or for road signs,on which are words or symbols giving directions or other symbols giving directions or other traffic instructions. traffic instructions. a.

34、what a.whatb.asb.as c.it c.itd.whichd.which 解析解析 考查主语从句的引导词。分析句子结构考查主语从句的引导词。分析句子结构 可以看出这个句子缺少主语从句的引导词，主可以看出这个句子缺少主语从句的引导词，主 语从句中缺少主语，所以要用语从句中缺少主语，所以要用whatwhat。 a 13.in 1492 columbus and his crew arrived 13.in 1492 columbus and his crew arrived was so-called the new world by the was so-called the ne

35、w world by the westerners. westerners. a.in what a.in whatb.in whichb.in which c.what c.whatd.whered.where 解析解析 考查宾语从句。考查宾语从句。arrivearrive是个不及物动是个不及物动 词，如果后面跟宾语必须加上介词。在宾语从词，如果后面跟宾语必须加上介词。在宾语从 句中缺少了主语，所以介词后面必须用句中缺少了主语，所以介词后面必须用whatwhat。 a 14.a growing anxiety is disturbing the 14.a growing anxiety is

36、 disturbing the public public the economy will continuously the economy will continuously decline. decline. a.which a.whichb.thatb.that c.why c.whyd.whered.where 解析解析 该题考查名词性从句。该题考查名词性从句。thatthat在句中引导在句中引导 同位语从句与前面的同位语从句与前面的anxietyanxiety构成同位语，解释构成同位语，解释 说明前面的说明前面的anxietyanxiety的内容。的内容。 b 15.there i

37、s no doubt,in my opinion,15.there is no doubt,in my opinion, matters is not the speed,but the quality matters is not the speed,but the quality of the product. of the product. a.what what a.what whatb.that thatb.that that c.that if c.that ifd.that whatd.that what 解析解析 thatthat引导一个同位语从句，在这个同位引导一个同位语从句

38、，在这个同位 语从句中又有一个主语从句语从句中又有一个主语从句what matterswhat matters。句。句 意为：依我看，毫无疑问，重要的不是速度，意为：依我看，毫无疑问，重要的不是速度， 而是产品的质量。而是产品的质量。 d 16.you are saying that our teachers treat 16.you are saying that our teachers treat everyone equally,and this is everyone equally,and this is i i disagree. disagree. a.how a.howb.whatb.what c.where c.whered.whyd.why 解析解析 考查表语从句。考查表语从句。disagreedisagree是个不及物动是个不及物动 词，所以从句的结构比较完整，词，所以从句的结构比较完整，b b选项错误。句选项错误。句 意为：你说我们的老师平等地对待