GMAT考试阅读理解模拟试题(2)

1、精品值得阅读阅读使人快乐，成长需要时间GMA考试阅读理解模拟试题(2)Conven ti onal wisdom has it that large deficits in the Un ited States budget cause interest rates to rise. Twomain arguments are given for this claim. Accord ing to the first, as the deficit in creases, the gover nment will borrow more to makeup for the ensuing sh

2、ortage of fun ds. Con seque ntly, it is argued, if both the total supply of credit (money available for borrow ing) and the amount of credit sought by non gover nment borrowers rema in relatively stable, as is ofte n supposed, the n the price of credit (the in terest rate) will in crease. That this

3、is so is suggested by the basic economic principle that if supplies of a commodity (here, credit) rema in fixed and dema ndfor that commodity in creases, its price will also in crease. The sec ond argume nt supposes that the gover nment will tend to finance its deficits by increasing the money suppl

4、y with insufficientregard for whether there is eno ugh room for econo mic growth to en able such an in crease to occur without caus ing in flati on .It is the n argued that financiers will expect the deficit to cause inflation and will raiseinterestrates, anticipatingthat because of inflationthe mon

5、eythey lendwill be worth less whe n paid back.Unfortun ately for the first argume nt, it is un reas on able to assume that non gover nment borrow ing and the supply of credit will rema in relatively stable. Nongovernment borrowing sometimes decreases. Whenit does, in creased gover nment borrow ing w

6、ill not n ecessarily push up the total dema nd for credit. Alternatively, whe n credit availability in creases, for example through greater foreig n lending to the Un ited States, the n in terest rates n eed not rise, eve n if both private and gover nment borrow ing in crease.The second argument is

7、also problematic. Financing the deficit byincreasing the moneysupply should cause inflationonly when there is noteno ugh room for econo mic growth. Curre ntly,there is no reas on to expectdeficits to cause inflation.However, since manyfinanciers believe thatdeficits ordinarily create inflation, then

8、 admittedly they will be in cli ned to raise in terest rates to offset mistake nly an ticipatedinflation.This effect, however, is due to ignorance, not to the deficititself, and could be lessened by educating financiers on this issue.文章概况：文章开始就说美国大量赤字导致利率上升，后面给了两个观点来 说明为什么会导致利率上升.第二段开头就说其实第一个观点不对，因为

9、第一个 观点假设 nongovernment borrowing and the supply of credit将会维持稳定.第三段说第二个观点也不对，因为通过金钱供给增多导致的赤字会只有经济增长 没有足够的空间时才会导致通货膨胀！Questi onWhich of the follow ing best summarizes the cen tral idea of the passage?(A) A decrease in non gover nment borrow ing or an in crease in the availability of credit can elimin

10、ate or lessen the ill effects ofin creased borrowi ng by the gover nment.(B) Educati ng finan ciers about the true relatio nship betwee n largefederal deficits and high interest rates will makefinanciers less prone to raise interest rates in response to deficits.(C) There is little support for the w

11、idely held belief that largefederal deficits will create higher interest rates, as the main arguments give n to defe nd this claim are flawed.(D) Whe n the gover nment borrows mon ey, dema nd for credit in creases, typically creat ing higher in terest rates uni ess special con diti ons suchas decrea

12、sed con sumer spe nding arise.(E) Give n that most finan ciers believe in a cause-a nd-effect relationship between large deficits and high interest rates, it should be expected that finan ciers will raise in terest rates.问主旨,我们直接看选项A非政府的borrowing下降或者credit的上升能够消除或缓解政府borrow的增加带来的负面影响.没说过，杀B教育金融学家赤字和

13、高利率之间的关系将会使金融学家不太倾向于提高 利率,没说过,杀C有一种观点认为赤字会导致高利率，而支持这个观点的一些理由是错误的 和文章的outline 致，留下D当政府借钱，对于credit的需求增加，后面说什么消费者spending上升, 没说过,杀E 选项中说 it should be expected that financiers will raise interest rates,明显属于预测未来的主观答案,杀Questi onIt can be in ferred from the passage that prop onents of the sec ond argument

14、would most likely agree with which of the following statements?(A) The United States government does not usually care whether or not in flati on in creases.(B) People in the Un ited States gover nment gen erally know very little about econo mics.(C) The United States government is sometimes careless

15、 in formulating its econo mic policies.(D) The Un ited States gover nment sometimes relies too much on the easy availability of foreig n credit.The Un ited States gover nment in creases the money supply whe never there is eno ugh room for growth to support the in crease.问支持第二个argument的人观点是什么？显然问的是第一

16、段的后半部分，我们把这句话读一下 The second argument supposes that the government will tend to finance its deficits by increasing the money supply within sufficie nt regard for whether there is eno ugh room for econo mic growth to en able such an in crease to occur without caus ing in flati on. It is the n argued t

17、hat financierswill expect the deficit to cause inflationand willraise interest rates, anticipating that because of inflation the money they lend will be worth less whe n paid back.大概说的是政府将通过增加金钱供给来缓解赤字但是并没有足够重视是否存在经济足够的增长空间又说通货 膨胀导致利率增加.我们来看看选项A美国政府并不关心通货膨胀是否增加，没提,杀B美国政府中的人对经济一无所知，有还幻觉的选项，杀C美国政府在制定政

18、策时粗心大意，文章说的就是政府没有充分考虑一个什 么东西就开始增加金钱供给了 ，有点关系，先留着D美国政府有时候过多依靠 e easy availability of foreig n credit,没提过,杀E美国政府只要有足够的经济空间就会增加金钱供给，想选这个吧，我一看这就是个骗我的答案，文章说美国政府没有考虑通货膨胀的问题就增加了金钱供 给,这个说的是whenever,就是考虑了通货膨胀,虽然词汇对应的令人发指，但方 向反了，杀！Questi onWhich of the followi ng claims concerning the Un ited States governmen

19、ts financing of the deficit does the author make in discussing the sec ond argume nt?(A) The gover nment will decrease the money supply in times whe n the gover nment does not have a deficit to finan ce.(B) The gover nment finan ces its deficits by in creas ing the money supply whe never the economy

20、 is expa nding.(C) As long as the gover nment finan ces the deficit by borrow ing, non gover nment borrowers will pay higher in terest rates.(D) The only way for the government to finance its deficits is toin crease the money supply without regard for whether such an in crease would cause in flatio

21、n.In flati on should be caused whe n the gover nment finan ces the deficit by in creas ing the money supply only if there is not eno ugh room for econo mic growth to support the in crease.问美国政府financing of the deficit作者对这个的态度是怎么样的？考的是作者对第二个观点的态度，这个态度显然不是在第一段，而是在第三段，第三 段说的大概就是因为通过金钱供给增多导致的赤字会只有经济增长没有

22、足够的 空间时才会导致通货膨胀！我们来看选项A当这个政府没有deficit来资助的话这个政府将会减少 money supplyB只要经济蓬勃发展，政府就会通过增加金钱供给来资助deficit,没提,杀C只要政府通过borrowing来资助deficit,非政府的borrowers就会支付比较高的利率，没说，杀D增加金钱供给是资助deficit的唯一方式，是否是唯一的方式文章没有提 到过,杀E这个选项和第三段内容几乎是一致的，留着Questi onThe author uses the term admittedly (see highlighted text) in order to in dicate that(A) the sec ond argume nt has some truth to it, though not for the reas ons usually supposed(B)