中考英语历年所有考点分析(精华珍藏版)

1、中考英语历年所有考点分析中考英语知识点汇总：名词的知识点总结名词的定义名词名词 (Nouns)是词性的一种，也是实词的一种，是指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或抽象事物的词。名词可以独立成句。在短语或句子中通常可以用代词来替代。1. 专有名词：指表示人、地方、机构、组织等的专有名称。具体说来，它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。如：Jim 吉姆 China 中国 Mr. Smith 史密斯先生July 七月 Friday 星期五 the Yellow River 黄河Christmas 圣诞节 English 英语 A Tale of Two Citie

2、s 双城记注：专有名词的首字母通常要大写。若是专名名词词组，则其中每个单词的首字母要大写;若是缩略词，则通常每个字母都大写;称呼家人的 mum, dad, father, mother 等有时也可小写。2. 普通名词：指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。具体地说，它可分为个体名词、集合名词、物质名词和抽象名词。其中个体名词表示某类人或东西中的个体，如girl(女孩)等;集体名词表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如 audience(观众，听众)等;物质名词表示无法分为个体的实物，如water(水)等;抽象名词表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如work(工作)，happiness(幸福)等。(一

3、)人名英美人的姓名与中国人的恰恰相反，姓在后面，名在前面，姓名前通常不用冠词。例如：Mary Smith;George Washington。(1)一般熟人间通常用名称呼。例如：Hows John getting on? 约翰近来好吗?(2)在不熟悉人之间或表示礼貌时，常把姓和称谓连用。例如：Would you please tell John Smith to come to the office? 请你告诉约翰史密斯到办公室来一次好吗?(3)姓氏复数前加定冠词可表示全家人。例如：The Turners have gone to America.特纳一家人去美国了。(二)地名(1)大部分单数

4、形式的地名不用定冠词。例如：Asia;America;China; London;Shanghai(2)大部分单数形式的湖、岛、山名前不加定冠词。例如：.Silver Lake;Mount Tai(3)山脉、群岛、海洋、河流、运河、海湾、海峡、半岛、沙漠名前一般加定冠词。例如：the Pacific;the English Channel;the Sahara(三)日期名(1)节日名前通常不用冠词。例如： Christmas;National Day(2)星期名前通常不用冠词。例如： Sunday;Tuesday(3)月份名前通常不用冠词。例如： April;December不可数名词注意：a

5、) 不可数名词前一般不加冠词，尤不加不定冠词：若加a(an)则使之具体化了。 如：have a wonderful time.b) 不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。c) 不可数名词一般无复数形式。部分物质名词在表不同类别时，可用复数形式。如：fishes(各种各样的鱼), newspapers(各种报纸), waters(河湖、海水), snows(积雪)d) 有些抽象名词也常用复数，变为可数的具体的事物。如：times 时代，works 著作，difficulties 困难e) 在表数量时，常用“of”词组来表示。如：a glass of milk, a cup of tea,

6、 two pieces of paper.名词所有格用法以-s结尾的单数名词加或s构成所有格;以-s或-es结尾的复数名词只加;不规则复数名词在词尾加s;两者或两者以上共同所有，把s加在最后的名词上;表示各自拥有某件东西时，每个名词都要用所有格形式。_fathers are both scientists. 咸宁A.Jims and Bob B.Jims and Bobs C.Jim and Bobs D.Jim and Bob答案B。解析当两个人分别拥有时，要在每个人后都加名词所有格的标志s来表达。吉姆的父亲和鲍勃的父亲不是一个人，所以在其后都加s，故选B。_room is big and

7、bright.They like it very much. 河北A.Tom and Sam B.Toms find Sam C.Tom and Sams D.Toms and Sams答案C。解析本题考查名词所有格的用法。表示两人共同拥有某一事物时，只需要在第二个人的后面加s。故选C。Hows Joys skirt? Her skirt is more beautiful than . 兰州A. her sisters and Kate B. her sister and KateC. her sister and Kates D. her sisters and Kates答案 D。 解析

8、当某物为几个人所共有时，只在最后一个名词后用所有格形式;如表示两者或两者以上分别所有，应在每个名词后用所有格形式。名词作定语形式及特点作定语的名词往往是说明中心名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。作定语的名词有以下三种形式：A.一般用单数形式。a stone bridge 石桥a meeting room 会议室morning exercise 早操London Airport 伦敦机场a story book 故事书a shoe shop 鞋店B. man, woman要与所修饰的名词的单复数一致。a woman teacher 一位女教师two women teachers 两位女

9、教师C. sports, sales, clothes, goods, arts, customs等只用复数形式。a sports meet 运动会a goods train 货车customs house 海关a sales manager 营业主任现从四个方面来讨论名词定语的特点：一、名词定语的语法作用1.代替作定语用的介词短语。a garden chair=a chair in the gardenCanada wheat=wheat from Canadasafety regulations=regulations for safetymachine shop practice=pra

10、ctice in a machine shop2.名词定语代替形容词或分词作定语。race problemracial problemChina cottonChinese cottonlaunch padlaunching padresearch workerresearching worker在以上词例中，使用名词与使用形容词或分词并没有什么区别。3.代替带s的所有格定语-在名词前加上定冠词the就可以代替名词的所有格，但是这个名词是专有名词。the Tom composition=Toms compositionthe Carter grin=Carters grin4.代替定语从句。i

11、nvestment money= money that is set apart for investmentthe milk boy= the boy who brings the milk二、名词定语与被修饰语之间的语义关系作定语的名词都是后面一个名词的修饰语，但是它们之间的关系却各有不同。1.名词定语表示逻辑上的主语，被修饰的词表示宾语。a department decision(a decision which is made by the department)the volcano eruption(the eruption that is made by the volcano)

12、有时正好相反，名词定语相当于宾语，而被修饰的部分表示主语:a drug addict(a person who is addicted to drug)an animal trainer(a man who trains the animal)2.名词定语作状语，被修饰语相当于谓语。在这一类结构中，表示谓语的名词常由动名词或动作名词来充当。impulse buying=buying on impulseinstrument flying=flying by means of instrument3.名词定语表示同位关系。这种用法可以说明某人的职业、职位。Judge Darling Singer

13、 Carpenter Cardinal Nelson。还可以表示特征、身份：a supplier country= a country which is a suppliera killer shark= a shark who is a killerher lawyer brother=her brother who is a lawyertraitor and robber Dickinson=Dickinson中考英语历年考点总结 捡起，挑选, 接某人pick up 挑选pick out =recognizemake a noise 制造噪音 =din震惊 be shocked=amaz

14、ed =surprised (at)怕 be in fear= frightened / afraid (of)满意be satisfied with =pleased悲He was painful (in pain) =sad =unhappy应该做某事. be supposed to do sth =should =ought to乐He was cheerful =happy =delighted= pleased玩得高兴have fun = have a good time = enjoy oneself have fun doing sth装扮、打扮dress up 给(某人)穿衣服

15、dress sb (in)穿着、戴着(表状态)wear 穿上(表动作put onbring 拿来 take 带走 carry 携带，搭乘，运载，抬 fetch 取回=getachieve =get / come trueI believe I will achieve my dream one day.= I believe my dream will come true one day.出现、出席show up=be present at=turn up 熬夜stay upat times = sometimes有时 sometime 某时 in time on timesome times

16、几次，几倍 =a few=several some time 一段时间for the time being=at present目前 =now one at a time 一次at one time=once曾经 for a time = momentIts time for you to do it. =Its _ _ to do it.take turns to do sth.=do sth. in turns 轮流做某事the best way to do sth做某事的最好方法be famous for 因而出名 (跟出名的原因) be famous as以而出名(跟职业/身份/地位)

17、well-known = famous想做某事：want to do sth. = would like to do sth. feel like doing sth.much too + adj =very=a most beautiful girl =terribly=quite=rather=fairly=not a little =pretty (相当)太多.too much +不可数n too many + 可数nby the way顺便说一下 in the way妨碍、挡路 on the way在途中以这种方式(方法)in this way =by this means =with

18、 this methodShow (=tell) me the way to the shop总是，一直all the time =always 仍然、还是all the same=stillHow is the weather today?= Whats the weather like today?有点儿a little = a bit =a little bit= kind ofWhats the matter= Whats the trouble?=Whats wrong? (with)=Whats up?Which is the way to? How can I get to th

19、e ? Is there a near here?Can you tell me the way to the ? =show =nearbyHe wasn not in =absent (from) Be in =wear =join =be at homeWhat good news / weather / information / work!what else：别的什么 easily enough a house nearby the things alikeThe living people= The people alive something wrong nothing seri

20、oushave to ：不得不=be forced to do = must = be sure toin fact=actually=as a matter of fact：事实上;实际上 =really =trulyagree with sb.：同意某人意见 =agree with what one saysagree sb. to do sth.同意某人做某事 He nods =agreeHe has the same idea as mine= He agree with me.dont mind(=care)/like：+doing不介意/喜欢 care about关心care fo

21、r=like =go in for=be keen on =enjoy=prefer=(be fond of)常见动词：keep, mind, finish, enjoy, practice, advise.其他重要的动词：suggest：Jenny suggested leaving for Paris this afternoon.(珍妮建议今天下午动身去巴黎。)只能跟ing形式 miss(What a miss doing sth.)：He missed winning the first prize.(他错过获得第一名的机会。)escape: escape being punished

22、(逃避被惩罚)admit: The thief admitted stealing the purse.(小偷承认偷了钱包。)risk: risk travelling to the unknown(冒险去没开发地带旅行)ask for要求得到、要求见到=request Call for =require=need 需要used to do sth. 过去经常 / be (get) used to (doing) sth.习惯于 / be used to do sth. / be used for doing sth.被用来做fall (fell/ fallen) down from= fal

23、l off从摔下来 /fall over向前摔倒fall into跌进 feel (felt / felt) drop =go down= fall rise=go up=stand upraise = put up ones hand = lift = bring up养大= come up with提出how to deal with / what to do with 怎样处理perhaps / maybe . probably Maybe she is at home. = She may be at home.save (v.) 储蓄,节省, 挽救 save time / money

24、 save ones lifeown (vt.) =have owner(s) (n.)I own the book.=I am the owner of the book.=The book is mine= The book belongs to me.on ones own = (all) by oneself = alone(adj.) my own book / a book of my ownmake a deal作成交易 make a face做鬼脸 make friends with与交朋友make ones living维持生活 make ones way to前往某处 ma

25、ke use of利用make a fool of捉弄，使出洋相 =make fun ofmake jokes about =play jokes (=tricks)on =make fun of取笑make a note (notes) of注意，记下来=write down=take downmakeinto把作成，使变成 sth. be made intomake it成功，到达某处 succeed in doing sth = be successful inmake room腾出地方for =space leave room留出地方formake up编造 be made up of

26、 = consist ofbe made of be made from be made in be made bymake breakfast, make dinner, make tea do some cooking 做饭make a list of 列出清单 make sb do be made to do make sth doneall over (=around/across) the world全世界，世界各地a year or two 一两年=one or two years; a day or two=one or two days一两天an hour or two=one

27、 or two hours一两个小时move somewhere= move to somewhere搬到(不具体的)某一地方at the age of在年龄时 = when sb was years oldtake part in参加、加入 =join the club=attend the meetingall day = all day long 整天 all night = all night long整夜in (不用under) the sun在阳光下 with(不用under) the help of=with ones helpin the rain在雨中 in the dark

28、在黑暗中 in the snow在雪中at the beginning of在.开始的时候 at first = first of allat the end of在结束的时候，在的尽头 in the end= finallytake photos=take a photo=take pictures=take a picture照相its easy to do sth. 做某事容易 =simpleits hard to do sth. 做某事难 =difficultIts essential to do sth. 做某事必要 =necessaryIts helpful to do sth =

29、usefulIts nice of you =kind He is kind =friendlyIts a fine day =nice He is fine. =wellput up举起，抬起，挂起，张贴，建造; put on穿上，戴上，上演(戏剧);put down=write down=copy down 写下来;put out 伸出，扑灭;put away 收起来，收好; put off推迟;put ones heart into全神贯注于,全身心投入go to lots of parties经常参加聚会 =often go to the partytry to do sth. 努力(

30、企图)做某事 try doing sth.试着做某事try one best to do sth. 尽力做某事Please keep quiet! 请保持安静 =remain calmkeep+形容词表示“保持某种状态”keep+(sb.)+doing 表示“(使某人)不停地做某事”keep sth. 保存某物use sth. to do sth.=do sth. with sth. 使用做区别:usefor useas给某人打电话的几种说法：call (up) = phone = ringcall sb. up, call sb. phone sb., phone to sb.telepho

31、ne sb. telephone to sb. phone sb. up,ring sb.give sb. a ring, give sb. a phonewith the name= called = named call for=require=needthe number of.的数量，谓语是单数 a number of=many 许多number前可用large(=huge=big), great, small (=tiny)修饰其谓语是复数become a member of =be in=joinhave a large / small population of 人口不能用:ma

32、ny/much/a few /a littlewhat is the population? 不能用: how many/how muchdoing sth. takes sb. Some time/ money =It takes sb. some time/money to do sth.=sb. spends some time/money (on sth.)=sb. spends some time/money (in) doing sth.=sth. costs sb. some time/money=sb. pay some money for sth.take the subwa

33、y 乘地铁 ride a bike 骑自行车 take the bus乘公共汽车take the train乘火车 take a taxi乘坐出租车 go in a parents car 坐父母的车He went there by bus. =He a bus thereHe went there by bike. =He a bike thereHe went there by car. =He a car thereHe went there by air . =He thereHe went there on foot. =He thereHe went by the shop. He

34、 went across the street.He went into the classroom. He went down the street.He went back there. My dog goes after me to school.区别older / elder与farther / furtherolder(年龄较老的)elder(指兄弟姐妹中排行在前的)My _ brother is _ than me.farther (指距离“较远的”)further(指抽象事物的“更进一步的”)He went abroad for _ studies.Tom is _ from o

35、ur school than Alice.表示“是几倍”时用“twice; three times等 + asas”This book costs twice as much as that one. 这本书的价钱是那本书的两倍。表示二者相差多少用 “具体数量 + 比较级”My brother is two years older than me.= My brother is two years as old as me.= My brother is older than me by two years.not as / so as = less than 不及;不如This book i

36、snt as interesting as that one= This book is _ _ _ that one比较级：两者进行比较(常与than/or连用)I picked more apples than Jim.我比你摘的苹果多。Which is more interesting, this one or that one?最高级：三者(或三者以上)进行比较(常与表范围的in , of短语连用)( 注意：of + 个体名词单数 in + 集合名词 )He runs fastest in our class.He is the tallest of the three boys.Wh

37、ich is the easiest, Lesson1, Lesson2 or Lesson3 ?表并列关系的and, bothand, not onlybut also, neithernor等。表选择关系的or, eitheror等。表转折关系的but, while(然而)等。表因果关系的because,for, so等。and: “和”在肯定句中表并列 另外：1)or “或者”用于选择疑问句or: “和”在否定句中表并列 2)or “否则”.Which do you like better, tea or milk?.Hurry up, or youll be late for scho

38、ol.but “但是”表转折: 注意：1)though(虽然), but(但是)不能连用2)not but 不是而是I listened, but I heard nothing. =I listened, however, I heard nothing.=Though I listened, I heard nothing.=didnt hear anything.This book isnt mine but yours. =This book is yours mine.both and : 既又(连接主语为复数)neithernor: 既不也不 连接两主eitheror: 或者或者

39、语后者决not only but also:不但而且 定单、复Both he and I are students.Neither he nor I am a student.1.Help others whenever you can _ youll make the world a nicer place to live.A. and B. or C. unless D. but2._ scientists have done a lot of research on A (H1N1) flu, there are still some cases for further study.A.

40、 As B. Once C. If D. Although3.-Did you call Sara back?-I didnt need to, _ well have a meeting together tonight.A. though B. unless C. because D. if4._ they may not succeed, they will try their best.A. Though B. When C. Because D. Unless5.He will come here right away _ he hears the news.A. so B. as

41、soon as C. because D. thoughin , on , to表方位in(范围内);on(范围外且接壤);to(范围外但不接壤)。Taiwan is _ the southeast of China.Hubei is _ the north of Hunan.Japan is _ the east of China.cross: 动词“跨过，越过”=go acrossacross: (表面)跨过through: (内部)穿过，贯穿 介词Can you swim _ the river?The road runs _ the forest._ the bridge, youll

42、 find a cinema.in + 时间段：与将来时连用after + 时间段：与过去时连用但after + 时间点：可与将来时连用。Ill leave _ three oclock. That is, Ill leave _ about ten minutes.They left _ two weeks.in the tree(外加在树上的事物)on the tree(树上自身具有的花、果、叶等)in the wall(镶嵌在墙内部的事物)on the wall(墙表面的事物)There is a map _ the wallThere are four windows _ the wa

43、ll.by bike / bus / car / ship (单数且无冠词)但当这些交通工具名词前有其它修饰词时，则应使用相应的介词。by bike = on a(the; his) bike by car = in a(the ; her) caron: 在(表面)上接触over: 在的正上方above: 在的斜上方 未接触The moon rose _ the hill.There is a bridge _ the river.There is a book _ the desk.between: 在(两者)之间among :在(三者以上)之间Tom sits _Lucy and Lil

44、y.on与about : 关于on用于较正式的演讲、学术、书籍等about用于非正式的谈话或随便提及He gave a talk _ the history of the Partyin front of :在前面/方(范围外)= beforein / at the front of:在前部(范围内)There is a big tree _ of the classroom.A driver drives _ of the bus. 类似区别：at the back of与behindwith和in: 表示“用”:with: 指“用工具、手、口等”in: 指“用语言、话语、声音等”Pleas

45、e write the letter _ a pen.Please speak _ a loud voice.on a farm ; in a factory ; the girl in the hat ; leave for: 动身前往某地一些固定搭配：listen to , laugh at, get to, look for; wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry about, think of, look after, spendon, 等。介词与名词的搭配:on time, in time, on foot, with pleas

46、ure, on ones way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。介词与形容词的搭配:be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。Were all going to the games, why dont you come _.代入A.up B.across C.along D.toSome students often listen to music _ cla

47、sses to refresh themselves.陷阱反应A.between B.among C.over D.during-It is said that a new zoo will be built in our town.-Im _it. Zoos are terrible for animals.A. through B. besides C. against D. exceptLook, Tina is waiting _ the bus stop.A. for B. at C. in D. toWe must take care of the baby. Take good

48、care ofThe baby must be taken care of. =Look after wellThe boss made the workers work 12 hours.The workers made 12 hours.My bike needs to be mended.My bike .Lesson 5 = the fifth lesson three fifteen = a quarter past three.分数的表达：one third 三分之一 two thirds 三分之二注意：1.分子超过1时，分母加s2.含分数的短语作主语由分数后的词决定谓语One t

49、hird of the students are girls.一二三，特殊记;词尾分别tdd：onefirst twosecond threethird八去t ，九去e ;ve则以f替： eighteighth nineninth twelvetwelfthty 则变作 ti ; 后面还有一个e： twentytwentieth要是遇到几十几;只将个位变成序：twenty-one -twenty-first1.-There are sixty students in our class. And _ of us are boys.-Wow! You have forty girls!A. on

50、e fourth B. one third C. two fifths D. two thirds2.A new study proves a_ walk every day is enough to keep people away from becoming fat.A.30-minute B.30 minutes C.30-minutes D. 30 minutes3.Today is my mothers _ birthday. I will buy her a gift.A. fourteen B. fourteenth C. forty D. fortieth4.-How long

51、 will Philip stay here?-Two _ weeks till he lives. (many)5.Today is my mothers _ birthday. I will buy her a gift. (forty)当宾语从句是指客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象时，则只能用一般现在时。She said (that) the sun rises in the east.此类宾从的主语与主句的主语(或宾语)相同时，可替换为“疑问词 + to do”.I havent decided where I will go what to do=I havent decided whe

52、re to go = what I can /should do.He asked me what I bought we,he,she,they= He asked me what to buy.“so that +否定句”与“too to”的替换:1)He is young he go to school.= He is too young to go to school(主、从句主语相同)2)He ran fast that we catch up with .= He ran so fast that us to catch up with. (主、从句主语不同)3)The box i

53、s so heavy that I cant carry it= The box is heavy me to carry.(注意carry后省去宾语it)“so that +从句”与“enough to”的替换:1)Hes so weak that he cant carry the box.= Hes to carry the box.2)The question is so easy that I can answer it=The question is me to answer.用whether不用if的几种情况后接不定式: I cant decide (A.whether B.if ) to go to Beijing.接or / or not: