【英语】高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析

1、【英语】高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1阅读理解t axi-booking app uber agreed to sell its business in china to didi chuxing. the two firms had been fierce competitors, but didi chuxing had controlled the chinese market with an 87% share.u ber china launched in 2014, but it had failed to make any profit for a l

2、ong time. cheng wei, founder and chief executive of didi chuxing, said the two companies had learned a great deal from each other over the past two years in china. he added that the deal would set the mobile transportation industry on a healthier path of growth at a higher level. as part of the deal

3、, mr. cheng would join the board of uber, while uber chief executive travis kalanick would also join didis board.ubers china business would own its separate branding while us-based uber technologies would hold about 17.5% in the combined company. didi chuxing is backed by chinese internet giants ten

4、cent and alibaba.uber had been struggling to break into the chinese market despite having chinese search engine baidu as an investor. last february, the company admitted it was losing more than $1 billion a year in china. “funding their chinese dreams was becoming too expensive for uber,” duncan cla

5、rk, chairman of beijing-based consultancy bda, told thebbc. travis kalanick said, “as a businessman, ive learned that being successful is about listening to your head as well as following your heart.”the fierce competition had led both companies to spend much more on their journeys. the combination

6、is likely to see fewer such subsidies （补贴）. “one thing to watch carefully is how quickly consumers feel the impact as subsidies are withdrawn.” mr. clark added.the deal with didi chuxing came just days after china had agreed to provide a legal framework for taxi-ordering apps. both uber and didi wel

7、comed the decision. the new rules took effect last november and could, among other things, forbid such platforms to operate below cost.（1）according to the second paragraph, what can we know?a. being successful is about listening to your head and following your heart. b. the deal would make the mobil

8、e transportation industry grow much faster.c. didi chuxing had learnt more in china than uber over the past two years. d. mr. cheng would be working as a member of the board of uber as planned.（2）what is the best title of the passage?a. uber sold chinese business to didi chuxing b. using didi chuxin

9、g brings more subsidies c. listen to your head and follow your heart d. the new rules took effect last november（3）what is the impact of the fierce competition between uber and didi?a. uber dominated the chinese market with an 87% share. b. china provided a legal framework for taxi-ordering apps.c. f

10、unding their chinese dreams became expensive for uber. d. chinese search engine baidu became an investor of ubers.（4）the passage is probably taken from a website about _.a. apps b. politics c. economy d. technology【答案】（1）d（2） a（3） c（4） c【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，优步将中国业务出售给滴滴出行。(1) 考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“as part of

11、the deal, mr. cheng would join the board of uber, while uber chief executive travis kalanick would also join didis board.”可知，mr. cheng 将按计 划担任优步董事会成员。故选 d。(2) 考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“taxi-booking app uber agreed to sell its business in china to didi chuxing. the two firms had been fierce competitors, but did

12、i chuxing had controlled the chinese market with an 87% share.”可知，优步将中国业务出售给滴滴出行。故选 a。(3) 考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“funding their chinese dreams was becoming too expensive for uber,”可知， 优步和滴滴之间激烈竞争对优步来说，为他们的中国梦提供资金变得很昂 贵。故选 c。(4) 考查推理判断。根据第一段中的“taxi-booking app uber agreed to sell its business in china to didi

13、 chuxing. the two firms had been fierce competitors, but didi chuxing had controlled the chinese market with an 87% share.”可推知这篇文章很可能来自一个网址的“经济栏目”。故选 c。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报 道，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答 案。2阅读理解there are at least 3, 000 miles of waterways in britain. on th

14、ese canals and rivers, there are over 30,000 houseboatsboats that people use as homes. around 10, 000 of them are located in london.the earliest populations of britains boat people have been living on the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. since then, houseboat livin

15、g has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle. houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.living on the water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. there are daily things tha

16、t need to be done, like bringing fuel and water on board and dealing with waste water from kitchen sink, shower and toilet. in winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. of course, most boats are quite small inside, so you dont have much space, especially if you

17、 are a couple, family or a group of friends.despite these difficulties, the number of people living on britains waterways has increased by around 50 per cent over the past ten years. more and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the idea of lif

18、e on water, but also because itis much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.there is a great sense of community on the waterways; many boat people say that their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life. this is quite a differen

19、t story from people who live in flats or houses and may hardly know the people next door at all.（1）what does the underlined word alternative in paragraph 2 probably mean? a.creative.b. enjoyable.c. non traditional.d. primitive.（2）from the third paragraph, we know that it is to live on the boat. a.in

20、convenientb. easyc. boringd. unforgettable（3）which of the following information is not given in the text?a. there are lots of rivers and canals in britain.b. many people live on houseboats in wales.c. houseboat living become popular in the industrial revolution.d. people who live on houseboats are u

21、sually very friendly with their neighbours.（4）why do many people choose to live on the water?a. living on the water is romanticb. living on the water is easy and naturalc. living on the water can avoid unfriendly neighboursd. living on the water costs less than living on the land【答案】 （1）c（2） a（3） b（

22、4） d【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在英国年轻人中流行的一种居住方式 屋”。“ 船（1 ）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的 “houseboat communities are typically made up of people who are looking for a slower way of life and who want to be in touch with nature.”可知， 游艇社区通常是由那些寻求慢节奏生活方式和想要接触大自然的人组成的；再根据第一段 中的“there are over 30,000 houseboatsboats that people

23、 use as homes.” 这些人以船为家 的。即他们以船为家，是因为喜欢慢节奏的生活，想要接触大自然。这与传统的居住方式 不同。可知“since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle”这句是说从工业革命起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的 人。即这种游艇生活吸引那些喜欢“非传统的”生活方式的人。选项 c. non traditional（非 传统的）符合题意，故选 c。（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“living on the

24、 water sounds romantic, but it is also hard work. ” 可知，在水上生活听起来很浪漫，但也很辛苦；以及“there are daily things that need to be done, . in winter, living on a boat can be very cold and there is always a feeling of damp. of course, most boats ar e quite small inside, .” 比如带上燃料和水，要处理 “废水”等。冬天住在船上很冷，总有一种潮湿感。当然，大多数的

25、船里面都很小 . 。由这些例子可知，生活在船上是极不方便的。故选 a。（3） 考查细节理解。根据第一段“there are at least 3 ,000 miles of waterways in britain. on these canals and rivers,. around 10 ,000 of them are located in lond on.”可知英国有许多河流 和运河，其中大约 10000 个位于伦敦。可知 a 项正确；第二段中的“the earliest populations of britains boat people have been living on

26、the water since the canals were built during the industrial revolution. since then, houseboat living has usually attracted people who prefer to live an alternative lifestyle.”自工业革命时期修建运河以来，英国最早的 “ 船民 ” 一直生活在水 上。从那时起，游艇生活通常吸引那些喜欢另类生活方式的人，即说游艇生活在工业革命 中变得流行起来，可知 c 项正确；以及最后一段中的 “many boat people say tha

27、t their neighbours are always ready to help them, and houseboat neighbours often become friends for life.” 许多船民说，他们的邻居总是乐于帮助他们，而船上邻居常常成为终生的朋友，可知 d 项正确。综合可知 b 项文章中没有提及，故选 b。（4） 考查推理判断。根据第四段中的“more and more families and young professionals are moving onto houseboats, not only because they like the ide

28、a of life on water but also because it is much cheaper to buy or rent a boat than a flat or a house.” 越来越多的家庭和年轻的专业人 士正搬到游艇上居住，这不仅是因为他们喜欢水上生活，还因为买船或租船比租公寓或房 子便宜得多。可推断出生活在水上比生活在陆地上花费少。故选 d。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象 类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而 选出正确答案。3阅读理解one of my first memo

29、ries as a child in the 1950s was a discussion i had with my brother in our tiny bedroom in the family house in bethlehem, pennsylvania.we had heard in school about a planet called pluto. it was the farthest, coldest, and darkest thing a child could imagine. we guessed how long it would take to die i

30、f we stood on the surface of such a frozen place wearing only the clothes we had on. we tried to figure out how much colder pluto was than antarctica, or than the coldest day we had ever experienced in pennsylvania.pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet” （矮星） i

31、n 2006, captured our imagination because it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system.plutos underdog discovery story is part of what makes it so attractive. clyde tombaugh was a kansas farm boy who built telescopes out of spare

32、auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses. as an assistant at lowell observatory in flagstaff, arizona, tombaughs task was to search millions of stars for a moving point of light, a planet that the observatorys founder thought existed beyond the orbit of neptune. on february 18 ，1930，tom

33、baugh found it. pluto was the first planet discovered by an american, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the great depressions dark encroachment (入侵).pluto is much more than something that is not a planet. its a reminder that there are many worlds out there beyond our own and that the

34、 sky isnt the limit at all. we dont know what kinds of fantastic variations on a theme nature is capable of making until we get there to look.（1）why did pluto become famous in 2006 according to the passage?a. because it lost its major planet status.b. because it disappeared in the sky.c. because it

35、was discovered by an american.d. because it was proved to be the coldest planet in the universe.（2）what can be a suitable title for the text?a. an american scientist: clyde tombaughb. pluto was first discovered by a boyc. plutos strange romanced. the days i spent with my brother in pennsylvania（3）wh

36、at can we learn from the fourth paragraph?a. clyde tombaugh discovered the darkness in the great depression.b. pluto was the only planet that was discovered by clyde tombaugh.c. clyde tombaughs job was to build telescopes for lowell observatory.d. clyde tombaughs telescopes used for searching stars

37、were very simple.（4）what does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph most probably mean?a. pluto is no less than a planet in the solar system.b. pluto is much more than a planet in the solar system.c. pluto is more important than any other planet in the sky.d. pluto is not a planet in the sol

38、ar system, but it is more than a planet.【答案】 （1）a（2） c（3） d（4） d【解析】 【分析】文章讲述了小时候作者对冥王星的认识，以及冥王星被发现和被从太阳 系去除的经过，更表现了冥王星的神秘和魅力，这使作者认识到宇宙是无穷的，也是不断 变化的，需要我们不停去探索。(1) 推理判断题。根据第三段 pluto, which famously was downgraded from a “major planet” to a “dwarf planet” （矮星）in 2006, captured our imagination because

39、it was a mystery that could complete our picture of what it was like at the most remote corners of our solar system 可知， 在 2006 年冥王星被从太阳系大行星中被去除，失去了其大行星地位，故选 a。(1) 主旨大意题。文章主要讲述的是冥王星的被发现和被从太阳系去除的经过，更表现了 它的神秘和魅力。c 项“冥王星的奇怪浪漫史”概括全文，故选 c。(1) 推理判断题。根据第四段 clyde tombaugh was a kansas farm boy who built tele

40、scopes out of spare auto parts, old farm equipment and self-ground lenses.和 on february 18，1930， tombaugh found it. pluto was the first planet discovered by an american, and represented a moment of light in the midst of the great depressions dark encroachment (入侵).可知，是 clyde tombaugh 用他简陋的仪器发现了冥王星，成

41、了第一个发现行星的美国人，并且给黑 暗的大萧条时期带来了一线光明。故选 d。(1) 猜测句意题。此句指冥王星的发现并不仅仅是一颗行星，它还让我们知道了宇宙无限 大，天空根本不是极限，它们是不断变化的需要我们去探索。故选 d。【点评】考查科普类短文阅读。4阅读理解anxiety has now surpassed depression as the most common mental health disease among college students, though depression, too, is on the rise. more than half of students

42、visiting campus clinics cite anxiety as a health concern, according to a recent study of more than 100,000 students nationwide by the center for collegiate mental health at penn state. nearly one in six college students has been diagnosed with or treated for anxiety within the last 12 months, accord

43、ing to the annual national survey by the american college health association.the causes range widely, experts say, from mounting academic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents to engagement with social media. anxiety has always played a role in the development of a students life, but no

44、w more students experience anxiety so acute that they are seeking professional help. like many college clinics, the center for counseling and psychological services at the university of central florida (ucf) one of the countrys largest and fastest- growing universities, has seen sharp increases in t

45、he number of clients: 15.2 percent over last year alone.anxiety has become characteristic of the current generation of college students, said dan jones, the director of counseling and psychological services at appalachian state university in boone, n. c. because of increasingly pressures during high

46、 school, he and other experts say, students arrive at college preloaded with stress. accustomed to extreme parental oversight, many seem unable to govern themselves. and with parents so accessible, students have had less incentive to develop life skills. “they cant tolerate discomfort or having to s

47、truggle,” dr jones said.more often, anxiety is mild and temporary, the indication of a student under the control of a normal developmental issue-learning time management, for example, or how to handle rejection from a sorority. mild anxiety is often treatable with early, modest interventions. but to

48、 care forrising numbers of severely troubled students, many counseling centers have moved to triage protocols ( 分诊措施). that means that students with less urgent needs may wait several weeks for first appointments.like many college counseling centers, ucf has designed a variety of daily workshops and

49、 therapy groups that implicitly and explicitly address anxiety, depression and their triggers. next fall the center will test a new app for treating anxiety with a seven-module cognitive behavioral program, accessible through a students phone and augmented with brief videoconferences with a therapis

50、t. it also offers semester-long, 90-minute weekly therapy groups, such as “keeping calm and in control”, “mindfulness for depression” and “building social confidence” -for students struggling with social anxiety.（1）which of the following contributes to anxiety according to the text?a. protection fro

51、m teachers. b. an app in students phones.c. increasingly learning pressure. d. management of time learning.（2）what does the underlined word “incentive” in paragraph 3 probably mean?a. prevention. b. motivation. c. acquisition. d. direction.（3）whats the purpose of those therapy groups mentioned in th

52、e last paragraph?a. to help students suffering anxiety.b. to test what social anxiety is.c. to introduce the cognitive behavioral program of ucf.d. to emphasize the importance of calm and confidence.（4）which of the following would be the best title for the text?a. tips on dealing with anxietyb. caus

53、es of anxiety and depressionc. different mental diseases threaten college studentsd. college mental health centers overburdened with anxious students【答案】 （1）c（2） b（3） a（4） d【解析】 【分析】焦虑症已经超越抑郁症成为大学生中最常见的心理健康问题，文章分析 焦虑可能产生的原因，以及某些大学为此采取的措施。（1 ）细节理解题。根据第二段内容 the causes range widely, experts say, from m

54、ounting academic pressure at earlier ages to overprotective parents to engagement with social media （专家称焦虑症的原因多种多样，从早年积累下来的学业压力、家长的过度保护到对社交 媒体的强迫性依赖）可知，c 项（增加的学习压力）会导致焦虑，故选 c。（2） 词义猜测题。根据上句内容 accustomed to extreme parental oversight, many seem unable to govern themselves.（很多学生都习惯于父母无微不至的监督，几乎没有自制能 力

55、。）故这里递进的句子 and with parents so accessible, students have had less incentive to develop life skills. （ 由 于 家 长 总 在 身 边 ， 学 生 们 普 遍 缺 乏 学 习 独 立 生 活 技 能 的 _。），b 项“动力”最符合语境，故划线单词意思为“动力”，选 b。（3） 细节理解题。根据本段表述的内容：像许多大学的心理咨询中心一样， u.c.f.也设置 了多种日常研讨会和治疗小组，以直接或间接的方式解决焦虑、抑郁问题及其触发源。明 年秋天，该中心将对一种新的拥有七个模块的认知行为疗法应用

56、程序进行测试，学生可以 通过手机获取该应用，并可与治疗师进行简短的视频谈话。故这些治疗小组的目的时为了 帮助那些患焦虑症的学生。故选 a。（4） 主旨大意题。通读全文可看出，文章介绍了焦虑症已经成为美国大学生中最常见心理 问题，大学的心理咨询中心已经超负荷，故选 d 作为标题最合适。5阅读理解why do you go to the library? for books, yes-but you like books because they tell stories. you hope to get lost in a story or be transported into someone

57、 elses life. at one type of library, you can do just that-even though theres not a single book.at a human library, instead of books, you can “borrow” people. individuals volunteer as human “books” and participants in the event can “read” the book -meaning they would have a one-on-one conversation wi

58、th the volunteer and share in a dialogue about that individuals experience. “books” are volunteers from all walks of life who have experienced discrimination 歧( 视) based on race, religion, class, gender identity, age, lifestyle choices, disability and other aspects of their lifefor a certain amount of time, you can ask them questions and listen to their stories, which are as fascinating and as attractive as any you can find in a