电影艺术概论复习总结（Review and summary of film art）

1、电影艺术概论复习总结（Review and summary of film art）1 features of the film psychological compensation mechanism: the audience in the viewing process, will consciously or unconsciously according to their daily life experience, make the psychological compensation on the fracture between the film, and ultimately

2、 realize the film and television viewing. persistence of vision phenomenon - pseudo dynamic phenomenon: the human eye in the observation scene, light signals into the brain, after a short period of time, the end of the action of light, the visual image is not immediately disappear, the residual visi

3、on says quotasquot visual this phenomenon is called persistence of vision. The vision of light produced by the retina remains for some time after the cessation of light, and its specific application is the shooting and screening of films. The cause is caused by the speed of the optic nerve, which is

4、 1/24 seconds. It is the basis for the formation and dissemination of visual media such as animation and movies. Motor perception disorders: motor perception complex impairmentThe human mind connects the static picture, which is intermittent motion. (lantern)Constancy of perception in which changes

5、in illumination, distance, position, etc., remain constant in the perception of objects. When the objective conditions of perception change in a certain range, our perceptual mapping maintains its stability to a considerable extent, and this is constancy of perception.2 how do you understand that mo

6、vies are the art of creating illusions? The movie is the machine that creates the illusion of motion. It creates the illusion of reality, but not the reality itself. Because the most basic illusion of movie motion is consistent with the inherent innate function of the human visual mechanism, it play

7、s a very unique role in peoples audio-visual perception. How to look like, how to see, how not?. The description of the value is that it has entered into the illusion of category, it vividly explains Barzun on the relationship between image and reality screen definition: asymptote. Reality itself re

8、fers to the really objective world and scene.3, the basis of the movie language is to imitate peoples experience of seeing and hearing. The audio-visual way of thinking of the movie is the visible, four dimensional way of thinking (three-dimensional space + time = audio-visual movement). The stereos

9、copic space of a movie is an analog three-dimensional space.The history of the 4 Film: lumire (in December 28, 1895, he was in Paris for the first time in public screenings of his films factory gate, train, this day is considered to be the birth of the film, Melly (French film director). The worlds

10、first film artist, the science fiction film, such as the lunar journey, Griffith, a pioneering figure who made a great contribution to the development of early films. His most famous work, the birth of a nation5, about the film nature of several statements: Documentary (copy reality) Suzhou River; m

11、odeling (red sorghum)6 elements of the film: , literary plays, images (art, light, color, photography, sound (sound and music), editing, director, creation, , performance, , audience acceptance and commentThe 7 film: the prospect of Digital Cinema (imaging technology, digital voice storage technolog

12、y) characteristics of presence: increasing the film telepresence, extends the film space (the matrix) interactive: the audience is no longer passive acceptance, but can actively choose (duck Natal Project) game: playability uncertainty: random process: linear narrative has been broken8, the basic el

13、ements of the film literary script visual modeling elements: the film is visual art, full of modeling expression. This requires that everything described in the play should be visible and that the screen can be shown through the means of film performance, directly acting on the audiences senses. In

14、the final script, each shot, scene, and paragraph should be fully described.The playwright can use jargon (panoramic, medium, continued, stacked), but it is more important to be careful of his idea of the screen image description. (Rashomon, Jurassic Park) sound as a script element: the movie is not

15、 a single visual art, since the invention of sound film, sound has been an important part of the film. Therefore, in the stage of script creation, it is necessary to consider the movie sound as an important component element. montage thinking: the film must be created in the form of film montage thi

16、nking. The script is available for reading, but the ultimate goal is to shoot and must meet the needs of screen performance. So American film director Kim Vito said, the screenplay should be written in a photographic lens. (awake) constructs the psychological time and space: the charm of the movie a

17、rt is very large, partly because it can carry on the time and space reorganization, and the movie script creation should take these two essential factors into full consideration. The film space: different lens combination and non reality of the space in the same scene may be in different time and di

18、fferent shooting environments but through the lens group realizes lens coherence, mental space consistency9 the time of the film: the time of the show, the time of the image display, the time of the audiences mental perception10 the composition of the play idea / idea: the idea is embodied in the fi

19、lm, that is, the conception of the film. It is an artistic thinking activity in which the author of the film brews and considers the screenplay writing. It is an important stage in the process of film creation. It includes selecting and refining the theme from the material of life, exploring and bre

20、wing the theme from the theme, shaping the characters, organizing the relationship between the characters, dealing with contradictions and conflicts, plot development, and determining the structure in general. The careful, skillful, careless or careless style of the movie influences the quality of t

21、he play directly.The theme of the Screenplay: the central idea or message of a play is called the theme or core, and it is also the acting master Constantine, the so-called super goal of the group (fallen art) characters and characters: the characters of the movie script refer to the characters of f

22、lesh and blood that are restricted by various realistic contradictions in the social environment as prescribed by the script and the special life forms. In terms of arts grasp of life, the authors courage and ability are embodied in the discovery and creation of the characters. In order to reach the

23、 new cognitive value and aesthetic value, a character must be portrayed in the core position of art painting. (Nancys morning) plot and its function: plot, that is, the connection, contradiction, sympathy, disgust and general relationship between characters - - a certain personality, typical growth

24、and formation history. The plot consists of a series of specific events to show their relationships, it is possible by events of various organizations and refining, reflect the trend of social life, generally including the beginning, development, climax and ending part etc.The structure of the play:

25、 the structure of the movie play refers to one of the basic means of the art of movie play, which refers to the form of arranging the content of the film and the organization of the material. It usually contains the beginning, the development, the climax, the ending and the epilogue. The structure o

26、f a film is restricted by its content, and the content of different subjects can be fully reflected in its corresponding structure form. Although the structure of the film plays only part of the play, it is the same as the content of the theme, theme, character and so on. It is also a very important

27、 component factor of the movie play. A causal structure, B, temporal and spatial order structure, C, temporal and spatial interleaving structure, D drama history structure, E suspense / heart structure, F deconstruction structure, life is like this. G prose structureThe classification of A, language

28、 film script description language L language, B art C, dialogue and monologue dialogue. Narrator l advance the story l to portray the character: pay attention to human diversity (Inuyasha) l meets the basic requirements of the dialogue character identity and character of logic, characteristic L in a

29、ccordance with the provisions; the relationship between the characters and situations; action; refined, concise, vivid, rich necessary subtext; L and pictures and other elements (such as sound, music, etc.) with L as main film to vision, and feature conversion lens rapidly and multi scene, not the g

30、eneral dialogue too much11, the classification of film play language, A, descriptive language, B, dialogue C, narration and monologueL 12 basic requirements for dialogue with the identity of characters and character logic, with characteristics consistent with L; the relationship between the characte

31、rs and the situation; has the action of; refined, concise and vivid, rich necessary subtext; L and pictures and other elements (such as sound, music, etc.) with L film mainly due to resort to visual, and feature conversion lens rapidly and multi scene, the general dialogue should not be too much13,

32、the concept and connotation of film photographyThe process in which objects and their movements are recorded by a camera, lens, or film. The film based on the principle of visual persistence, using 24 frame / sec shooting rate, through the correct exposure, the real object shape, size, color, textur

33、e and motion records in time and space in two kinds of means down photography.Photography technique means of expressionL photography medium: camera, optical lens, film material (photosensitive material)The technical means of L Photography: lighting, exposure control, and the use of filtersPhotograph

34、y art expression means, l light, l color, l trend, l composition14 What are the components of the image?A perspective effectThe objective scene displayed in the movie picture changes regularly in shape, length, size, color, light and shade, and the actual situation of the visual image due to the dif

35、ferent location and distance of the space. It can cause three dimensional illusion in the plane of two degree space. It is one of the important factors for reproducing the objective world.B stereo feelingAlso called solid shape. People have a visual perception of the three dimension (length, width,

36、height) of objects in the objective world. The solid shape is one of the features of the material world object. When they are displayed on the plane of painting in the two dimension, they can make people perceive entities like three degrees. This is one of the most important tasks in photography. Th

37、e expression of three-dimensional shape and the perspective of the law, related to the shooting angle, light direction, tone, line and color structure.C spatial sense is also called deep feeling and sense of distance.L refers to styling space (space depth). It is the visual perception of the space p

38、osition, distance and size of objects in the objective world. Is the spatial relationship between the object and the object of the present world. It is also one of the characteristics of the three dimension of the physical world. The spatial sense of expression is related to various perspective laws

39、. The representation of space depth is one of the modeling tasks of photography.L means theater space. The space in which the plot of the film unfolded. Such as the different scene in the movie, shot in different time and location scenes shown in the space formed by assembling integrated whole space

40、 and lens.D textureThe visual perception of the material structure and properties. People through the object surface structure, surface color, surface brightness, objective object for understanding, wooden, metal, glass and so on.E surface structureThe surface characteristics of various objects due

41、to their different material structures (textures). The surface structure of all objects can be roughly divided into three broad categories: rough, smooth and mirror.F contour formThe outer edge of an individual or group object, the boundary between the objects structure and its background.Bright obj

42、ect in dark background; dark objects in bright background; brightness change of objects are interlaced in shading, or midtone background; with bright or dark contour contour difference between the object and background; the use of color, brightness, saturation and not cold, dynamic, contrast, the re

43、lationship between object and background. The factors affecting the outline of the object are lighting conditions, object reflectance and color, shooting position, focus control, and the use of light filters.G colorColor changes in temperature, color, brightness, color tendency, saturation, color ba

44、lance, filter use, the use of digital post-processing technology, you can adjust the color of the film arbitrary.H shadows create shadows without visible lightI airRefraction, absorption, and scattering of light by various mediums in the air, such as water vapor and particles.15 the composition of t

45、he elements of film photographyScene 1.The division of the sceneType II JingBie2. lensThe meaning of the lens: the lens refers to the film camera from the boot to stop this period of time to record the image of the film length, it is the basis for the formation of the screenThree typical relations o

46、f lensL lens: Based on panoramic lenses, the environment, location, characters, atmosphere, etc.L action lens: in the close range and close range series, mainly for character expression, dialogue, reaction, presentation detailsL empty lens: the main function is to render the atmosphereThe axial rela

47、tion of the lens, the inside of the backhand and the backhand of the shotProgress of lensThe director and editor are just trying to capture the instinctive reaction of the audience: to show what the audience wants to see3. raysLight related concepts: light is the soul of photographic picture creatio

48、nLight: light aesthetic effect is the material basis of the brightness and contrast of the scene the characters the visual tone and toneThe function of lightL complete picture exposure photography work, realize the image establishment of L reveals the posture, size, contour, the subject of the visua

49、l features such as l help picture l Effect of L for the film scene decided to establish visual tone, constitute a picture visual styleLight treatment and application skillsThe L light l style clear light (lighting) measured control l and l scene lighting environment light, light l light character sc

50、ene selectionThe style of lightL l l backlight side light treatment of astigmatism4. compositionCharacteristics of photography compositionL grasps the picture movement characteristic, grasps the picture the overall effect, l grasps the picture the time and space restriction, l grasps picture multi v

51、iewpoint, multi angle, l picture, picture proportion fixedVisual element analysisA, geometric center and visual center B, four main forms of composition, C, horizon position, D, perspective relation, E, character relationship, initiative and passivity, character status, F, background and Prospect5.

52、angleDetermine the three relations of angleL distance relations (perspective), l directional relations (background), l height relations (core issues)The five functions of angleL strengthens the perspective relation of the original scene space. L embodies character relation and oblique relationL expr

53、esses character images, l subjective and visual form processing, l determines film visual form styleAngle treatmentL flat angle, l angle, l angle6. colors7. movementThe object takes its spatial position, rotation, scaling, or deformation, and it also includes motion trends16 other significanceL scen

54、e is an external form of languageL is the scene footage of the space expression formL scene reflected in the scene between characters and form styleL is a kind of lens style and scene directing styleL scene constitutes an important element of film art styleL scene and picture rhythm17 lens progressT

55、he director and editor are just trying to capture the instinctive reaction of the audience: to show what the audience wants to see18, the concept of film artThe role of film art, film art is specifically designed for the film shape and production of a fine art creation. The success of art creation h

56、as a direct impact on the artistic standard of the film. So, the movie artist in the overall conception of film director and actor, photography, etc. to work together to complete other film performance. Design and produce period and local characteristics, is the breath of life, a character of the sc

57、ene, and the people, to produce scenes of the artistic effect.19. tone syncThe dialogue and sound in the film are consistent with the action of the picture. The vocal and picture film strictly with the sound (including dubbing) synchronize natural relations and images, video images and the sound of it also appear and disappear at the same time, the two agree. Otherwise, the picture is out of sync. The function of sound and picture synchronization mainly lies in strengthening the reality of the picture and enh