国际结算期末终结版.

1、国际结算期末考试（希望大家喜欢）D/Pdocuments against payment付款交单D/Adocuments against acceptance承兑交单T/RTrust Receipt信托收据B/Lbill of lading提单L/CLetter of Credit信用证FCAFree Carrier货交承运人FASFree Alongside Ship装运港船边交货FOBFree On Board装运港船上交货CFRCost and Freight成本加运费CIFCost Insurance and Freight成本加运费、保险费CPTCarriage Paid to运费付

2、至CIPCarriage Insurance Paid to运费、保险费付至DAFDelivered At frontier边境交货DESDelivered Ex Ship目的港船上交货DEQDelivered Ex Quay目的港码头交货DDUDelivered Duty Unpaid未完税交货DDPDelivered Duty Paid完税后交货EXWEX Works工厂交货T/TTelegraphic Transfer电汇汇款M/TMail Transfer信汇汇款D/DRemittance by Banker s Demand Dr票汇汇款URCUniform Rules for Co

3、llection托收统一规则M.T.DMulti-modal transport document多式联运提单UCP The Uniform Customs and Practice for Documentary Credits 跟单信用证统一惯例 ICC International Chamber of Commerce 跟单信用证项下银行偿付统一规则名词解释：国际结算：International payments and settlements are financial activities conducted among different countries in which pa

4、yments are effected or funds are transferred from one country to another in order to clear relations of debts.汇票： A bill of exchange is defined officially as an unconditional order in writing , addressed by one person to another, signed by the first person, requiring the second person to whom it is

5、addressed to pay on demand, or at a fixed or determinable future time, a certain amount of money, to, or to the order of, a specified person or to the bearer.本票：A promissory note is an unconditional promise in writing made by one person (the maker) to another (the payee or the holder), signed by the

6、 maker engaging to pay on demand, or at a fixed or determinable future time, a sum certain in money to or to the order of a specified person or to bearer.信用证： A letter of credit is a written undertaking by a bank(issuing bank)given to the seller (beneficiary) at the request ,and on the instruction,

7、of the buyer(applicant)to pay at sight or at a determinable future date up to a stated sum of money, within a prescribed time limit and against stipulated documents which complied with the terms and conditions of the credit.支票： A check is an unconditional order in writing addressed by the customer t

8、o a bank signed by that customer authorizing the bank to pay on demand a specified sum of money to or to the order of a named person or to bearer.汇付： Remittance refers to the transfer of funds from one party to another among different countries through banks. At the request of its customer, a bank t

9、ransfers a certain sum of money to its overseas branches or correspondent banks and instructs them to pay a named person or corporation domiciled in that country.托收： Collection is an arrangement whereby the goods are shipped and a relevant bill of exchange is drawn by the seller on the buyer, and/or

10、 shipping documents are forwarded to the seller s bank with clear instructions for collection through one of its porrdent bank located in the domicile of the buyer.计算题一、 The Amou nt the Exporter Can Get? P44Suppose an accepted bill for USD50, 000 falls due on June 30 and the exporter takes it to a d

11、isco unt bank on April 6. If the disco unt rate is 10%, the disco unt in terest is?Issue： July 30Value： 50000 USDInterest rate :Ten or：Accept:Discount rate : 10 %D=V T R / 360D=DISCOUNT INTERESTV=FACE VALUE OF THE BILLT=TENOR(DAYS)R=DISCOUNT RATE(N%PER ANNUA每年)The Amou nt the Exporter Can Get? P45 I

12、ssue： July 30 2008Value： 10000 RMBInterest rate : 8 %Tenor： 3 mon thsAccept: August 27Discount rate : 10 %Suppose an accepted bill for USD80, 000 falls due on July 12 and the exporter takes it to a discount bank on March 9. If the discount rate is 5%(year), what would be the discount in terest and h

13、ow much can the payee get?贴现日：3.9到期日：7.12天数：125天到期价值=(80000 X 5%X 125) / 360 = 1388.89 元The Payee Can GeA 80000 - 1388.89 = 78611.11 元问答题:1. 信汇、电汇、票汇的特点Telegraphic Transfer, T/T电汇汇款)1) It is a kind of remittance(顺汇).2) It is the fastest type but the charges are higher.3) In bank remittanee, the T/T

14、is in preference to others. It is dealt on the same day and the bank can t use the funds under way.4) It is safe and creditable.Mail Transfer, M/T (信汇汇款)1) It is a kind of remittance(顺汇).2) The charge is low.3) It is the slower type and because of mail, it will spend more time to receive the money.4

15、) Bank can occupy the funds under way for a short time.Demand Draft, D/D (票汇)1) The pay ing bank is flexible.2) The draft can replace the cash to be n egotiated.3) The draft is carried by the remitter himself or is posted by the remitter to the payee.4) The paying bank needn notifies the beneficiary

16、 and the latter will come to receive the mon ey.2. Chapter of COVERNostro Account 往账：A bank acco un t con ducted by a British bank with a foreig n bank, usually in the foreig n curre ncy.Vostro Account 来账： A bank account held by a foreign bank with a British bank, usually in sterli ng.Reimbursement

17、Methods拨头寸的方法(课堂要求掌握前两种，余下四种看课件)|1. Credit ing vostro acco unt of the pay ing bank主动贷记：如果汇入行在汇出行开有账户，汇出行应主动将相应头寸贷记该账户。payment order 支付委托书账户行开户行remitti ng bankk payi ng bankcredit advice付讫的贷记通知etc: In cover, we have credited the sum to you re a/c with us.寄出贷记报告单称已贷记汇入行账户。2. Debiting remitting bank s

18、nostro account授权借记：如果汇出行在汇入行开有账户，汇出行应授权汇入行借记该账户相应的金额。payment order 支付委托书开户行账户行remitt ing bankk pay ing bankdebit advice付讫的借记通知etc: In cover, please debit our a/c with you.(You are authorized to debit the sum to our acco unt with you.)寄出借记报告单称已借记汇出行账户。3. Functions of Negotiable Instrument 流通票据的功能 P39

19、1) As a means of payme nt;2) As a credit i nstrume nt;3) As a tran sferable in strume nt;4) As a mea ns of finance.4. Basic Methods of International Payments and Settlements:1) Settlement on commercial credit:remittance(汇付):A. payment in advaneeB. open accountcollection(托收)2) Settlement on bank cred

20、it :letter of credit(信用证) bank guarantee(银行担保)5. Characteristics of Collection 托收的特点1) It is based on commercial credit2) The capital burden is not balanee3) It is safer than the remittanee4) It can afford financing to the seller or buyer5) The procedure is simple, fast and the charges are not high.

21、6. Characteristics of Letter of Credi 信用证的特点1) It is a kind of banker s credit. The issuing bank undertakes primary liabilities for payment2) The obligati on of payme nt born by the bank is limited and con diti onal3) A letter of credit is self-sufficie nt docume nts and is in depe ndent of the sale

22、s con tract4) Letter of credit is a pure docume ntary bus in ess, that is, banks deal with docume nts and notwith goods, services or other performa nces to which the docume nts relate.7. Principles in examining documents 审单的原贝 V1) 单证相符： The n ame, content and sig nature of the docume nts prese nted

23、should be in con formity with the terms and con diti ons of the credit. Any small discrepa ncy is possible to become the reas on for refuse.2) 单单相符： The documents should be in conformity with each other.实际操作题（填表类）1. 汇票 Bill Of Exchange P45P63-5-6No.,Date.EXCHANGE FORAt sight of the First of Exchange

24、, second of the same tenor and dateun paid, pay to the order of the sum ofDraw n un derTo:For and on behalf of XXX(Sig nature)Excha nge for, DATEAtsight of the First of Excha nge, sec ond of the same tenor and dateun paid, pay to the order of the sum ofDraw n aga instTo:For and on behalf of XXX(Sig

25、nature) ACCEPTEDTIME(SIGHTPayable atFor (Sig nature)Questio n:汇票期限到期日At 30 days after sightAt 30 days from sightAt 30 days after dateAt 60 days after dateAt one and half, a month after date2.本票 Promissory Note P49P63-7Promissory Note , For Onfixed by the promissory note we promise to pay the sum of

26、.For and behalf of(Sig ned )Cheque No. Pay to the sum of(Sig nature)3. On 18, March 2009, Bank of China, Guangzhou Branch received a mail transferpayment order from Bank of China Hong Kong. Please complete the forms.BANK OF CHINA, HONG KONG BRANCHDATE, HONG KONGPlease advise and effect the follow in

27、g payme nt less your charges if any. In cover, we have credited your acco unt with us.TO BANK OF CHINA, GUANGZHOUNo. of Mail TransferTo Be Paid ToAmountMTXXXXRuiqi Garme nt Co. Ltd, Gua ngzhou No. XXXXHKD200,000.00Amount in words: H.K DollarsTwo Hun dred Thousa ndBy Order Of Un iversal Garme ntImp.

28、& Exp. Co. Hong KongMessage: Being Proceeds un derS/C No. XXX14Band of China, Hong KongRemitting Bank: Payee:The proceeds is used for:Cover In structi on: Payi ng Bank: Remitter: Currency and Amount:4. QUESTION: A draft N0.426898 for USD100, 000.00 is drawn by The American Exporter Co. 17 Main Stree

29、t Tampa, Florida, U.S.D on The French Issuing Bank, 38 rue Francois ler, Paris, France payable at 60 days sight to the order of ourselves dated 25 March, 2000 marked “ Draw nun der The French Issu ing Bank, Paris, France L/C N0.12345 dated 25 Feb., 2000”.Bill of exchangeNo.(0 _Excha nge forAt乞 Sight

30、 of this first of exchange (SECOND BEING UNPA)Pay to (the order of) The sum ofDraw n Un der0_L/C NO.0 Date0(sig nature)To 0A： 026898 25 March, 2000 Tampa, Florida $100,000 (J60 days The American Exporter Co. Inc. (EUS Dollars one hundred thousand only CThe French Issuing Bank, Paris 012345 0.5 Feb,

31、20000The French Issu ing Bank0The America n Exporter Co.38 rue Fran cois ler 75008 Paris, France17 Main Street Tampa, Florida5. QUESTION: Please draw a demand draft to make remittance by D/DDraft: No.20060613Amount: HKD32, 150.00Place and date of draft: Tianjin, 8May, 2009Paying bank: Bank of China,

32、 Hong KongPayee: the order of Un ited Trad ing Compa ny, Hong KongPay aga inst this draft to the debit of our acco unt.Remitt ing bank: Bank of China, TianjinRemitter: China Nati onal Light In dustrial Products Imp. & Exp. Corp., Tianj in Bran ch, Tianj inBANK OF CHINANot Negotiable.厂NO.0Acco unt Pa

33、yee AMOUNT0 This draft is valid for one year from date of issue0To:0Pay to0THE SUM OF0PAY AGAINST DRAFT TO THE DEBIT OF OURACCOUNTFor BANK OF CHINA, TIANJINSig natureA： C20060613(2HKD 32,150.00 3Tianji n, 8 May, 2009 4Ba nk of Chi na, Ho ng Ko ng 0The order of Un ited Tradi ng Compa ny, Hong Kong Ho

34、ng Kong Dollar Thirty-Two thousa nds one hun dred and fifty only案例分析CASE 1Chin ese compa ny A con eluded a purchase con tract with a Belgium compa ny for some goods.The con tract require that the goods should be Grade M or above and that the exporter should surrender certificate which verify that th

35、e goods has reached Grade M. But A didn request certificate of Grade M in the L/C opened by him.After delivery, A took the delivered goods before pay ing. Then A found that the goods did n reach Grade M and asked the local quara ntine to give a testificati on. A held the testificati on to dema nd th

36、e ope ning bank to dish onor.QUESTION:1.Should the opening bank dishonor the L/C ?2. Please stateme nt the reas on.ANSWER:1. The issuing bank should not dishonor.2. Though the bank knows the fact that the seller fail to implement all the conditions of the contract wholly, the bank must make payment.

37、3. According to the principle that L/C is an independent contractual document and the operation of L/C is based on documents, the bank must make payment as long as the seller surrenders the accordant documents.CASE 2One of Japanese company opened an irrevocable L/C on the request of its customer. Th

38、e exporter was in Guan gzhou. The L/C stipulates that the n egotiat ing bank can be repaid by the ope ning bank s New York bran ch. One bank in Guan gzhou n egotiated the draft, forwarded the docume nts to the ope ning bank and get payme nt from the reimburs ing bank.On the 4nd day, the opening bank

39、 said that there were discrepancies between the docume nts and L/C and asks for the repaid amount. The n egotiat ing bank con firmed the discrepa ncies but the ben eficiary said that the ope ner had take n the goods without the bills of ladi ng.QUESTION:Can the n egotiat ing bank refuse to pay the m

40、oney back to the ope ning bank? Why?ANSWER:1. The negotiating bank can t refuse to pay back the money.2. L/C is based on document. The parties concerned deal with documents rather than goodsor facts. If the document presented is not in conformity with the L/C, the beneficiary can tget payment.CASE 3

41、One of our companies exported 5000 tons of rice. The L/C stipulated that 1000 tons was shipped every month from January to May. The seller shipped 1000 tons separately during January and February but there was no shipme nt in March because of lack ing of goods. Then the exporter shipped 2000 tons an

42、d 1000 tons separately in April and May.When the exporter n egotiated the shipp ing docume nts, the bank refused to pay the 3000 tons shipped in April and May because the shipme nt in March was not in accorda nee with the stipulati ons of the L/C.Question:Was the ba nk correct? Why?ANSWER:1. The ban

43、k was right.2. Because according to the Uniform Customs and Practice of Documentary Letter of Credit, if partial shipments stipulate definitely the number of lots, time and quantity of every lot,the seller should exactly conform to the stipulation. If the seller doesn t conforrto the stipulation in

44、a certain period, the period together with the following will be invalid automatically.选择题1. To the exporter, the fastest and safest method of settleme nt is cash in adva nee.2. To the importer, the fastest and safest method of settleme nt is open account.3. Under a letter of credit, the exporter ca

45、n receive the payment only when the documents prese nted comply with the credit terms.4. Which of the following is based on commercial credit?Collection（托收）5. There are four main methods of securing payment in international trade: payment inadvanee; payment under documentary credit;ollection;en acco

46、unt .From anexporter s point of view, the order of preferenee .6. The docume ntary collect ion provides the seller with a greater degree of protecti on tha n shipping on open account （赊账交易）。7. Foreig n trade can be con ducted on the followi ng terms except for public bonds.8. Cash settlement is effe

47、cted by shipping precious metals（贵金属）taking the form of coins, bars or bulli ons.9. International cash settlement has the following disadvantages except safe.（即包括 expe nsiveriskytime-c on sumi ng）10. If a bill is payable“ 60 days after date ” , the date of payment is decided dateording toof the bill

48、.11. A term bill may be accepted by the drawee.12. The party to whom the bill is addressed is called the drawee.13. The maker of a promissory note has prime liability while the other parties have sec on dary liability.14. A （n） bill of exchange is a financial document.15. Dema nd draft（即期汇票）is ofte

49、n used when the clie nt wants to tran sfer the funds to his ben eficiary himself.16. If the pay ing bank ope ns a curre nt acco unt with the remitt ing bank, the reimburseme nt maybe effected by crediting vostro account of the paying bank（ 主动贷记）17. If a London bank makes a payment to a correspondent

50、 abroad, the foreign bank vostro account will be credited/ 贷记）18. If Barclay Bank instructs Citibank to pay a sun of USD2,000,000 to Midland, its nostro account should be debited（借记）.19. Suppose that a UK firm which is to pay a debt to a West German supplier in Deutschmarks. The firm will give a wri

51、tte n in structio n to its bank in the UK to issue a mail tran sfer. The n the UK bank debit the UK firm s account as authorized.20. The prin cipal is gen erally the customer of a bank who prepares docume ntati on and submitsthem to the remitting（托收）bank with a application for payment from the buyer

52、 （drawee）.21. Which type of collection offers the greatest security to the exporter? Documents against payment.即期付款交单22. Which of the following is not a risk that the exporter assumes on documentary collection basis? B. harm to the reputati on due to dish onorPS: t a risk that the exporter assumes o

53、n docume ntary collecti on basis: A. non-accepta nee of mercha ndiseC. excha nge restrict ionsD. non-payme nt of trade accepta nee23. The remitting bank is the bank of which the prin ciple has en trusted the collect ion.24. The importanee of the distinction between financial documents and commercial

54、 documentslies in that it helps decide whether it is clean collect ion or docume ntary collect ion.25. Letter of credit is a conditional undertaking to make payment.26. With an uncon firmed irrevocable letter of credit, the advising bank tran smits detail withoutcommitme nt to the ben eficiary.27. A

55、 con firmed irrevocable letter of credit creates the highest level of security aga inst sovereig n risk政治风险.28. Confirmation of a credit may be given by the advising bank at the request of the issuing bank.29. The sum of the transferred credit is will not be more than in the credit before transfer.3

56、0. In addition to stipulating an expiry date for presentation of documents, every credit should also stipulate a specified period of time after the date of shipment during which presentation must be made. If no such period of time is stipulated, banks will not accept documents prese nted to them lat

57、er the n 21days after the date of shipme nt.31. If a credit stipulating total amount available is about USD100, 000.00, then bank will refuse the in voice that bears the amo unt of C. PS 若没有 “ abou则默认为 15% 的增减幅度。 A. USD100, 000.00 B. USD100, 500.00 C. USD120, 000.00 D. USD99, 900.0032. The advis ing bank in forms the ben eficiary ano ther bank has issued a credit in his favor without add ing its own en gagem