2013外研版八年级_Module12_Help_Unit2课件

1、12 Unit 2 Stay away from windows and heavy furniture. must, can, may表示表示“推测推测” 顺口溜：顺口溜： can 不肯，不肯， may 不问，不问， must 肯定不否问。肯定不否问。 can不肯，不肯，即：即：can (could) 一般不用于肯定句；一般不用于肯定句； may不问，不问，即：即：may (might)一般不用于疑问句；一般不用于疑问句； must肯定不否问，肯定不否问，即：即：must一般仅用于肯定句，不一般仅用于肯定句，不 用于否定句和疑问句。用于否定句和疑问句。 1、表示、表示有把握的推测有把握的推测

2、时，肯定句用时，肯定句用must (一定，准是一定，准是)， 否定句用否定句用cant (不可能，一定不不可能，一定不)。 must(cant) + 动词原形，表示动词原形，表示对现在情况的推测对现在情况的推测。 must(cant) + be doing, 表示对表示对现在正在进行的情况的推测现在正在进行的情况的推测。 must(cant) + have done，表示表示对过去情况的推测对过去情况的推测。如：。如： Youmust be hungryafteralongwalk. 长途步行之后你一定饿了。 Theymust bewaitingforus.Letshurryup. 他们一定在

3、等我们。让我们快点走吧。 Youmust haveleftyourbaginthetheatre. 你准是把你的包丢在剧院了。 Youcant behungry,youhavejusthadyourdinner. 你现在不可能觉得饿，你刚吃过饭。 Hewearsglassesallthetime,hiseyesightcant begettingbetter. 他一直带着眼镜，他的视力不可能在好转。 2、表示把握不大的推测即可能性时，用、表示把握不大的推测即可能性时，用can和和may，常译为常译为 “也许，可能也许，可能”。may用于肯定句与否定句，一般不用于疑用于肯定句与否定句，一般不用于

4、疑 问句。问句。can常用于疑问句，一般不用于肯定句。如：常用于疑问句，一般不用于肯定句。如： Thenewsmayormay notbetrue. 这消息也许是真的，也许不是真的。 Atthemomentshemaybeplayingwithherclassmates. 此刻她可能正在和同学们玩。 Annamight nothaveseenTomyesterday. 安哪昨天可能没有看见汤姆。 WherecanWeiFangbe?魏芳会在哪里呢？ Whatcantheybequarrellingabout? 他们可能在争吵些什么呢？ Can shehavelostthebook?她可能已把那

5、本书丢了？ Fill in the blanks using must / can / might. 1. Could I borrow your dictionary? Yes, of course you_. 2. She doesnt answer the bell. She_ be asleep. 3. The ground is wet. It _have rained last night. 4. He is writing with a pencil. He_ have lost his pen. 5. A computer cant think for itself, it _

6、be told what to do. can must must might must Earthquake Remember: These thing should be avoided: 1. standing close to a building 2. standing under a tree (because buildings and trees may fall on you ) 3. going too close to power lines ( because you may be badly affected by electricity if they fall o

7、n you) 1. key vocabulary: earthquake, warm, inside, under, window, keep, clear, calm, brave 2. key structures: keep calm, especially when you are with other people. In short, follow what you learn in school. you can be safe and you can also help others. 3. To understand the passage on safety and fir

8、st aid in a earthquake. Teaching aims /:keIk/ /w:n/ /In:saId/ /nd/ /ki:p/ 地震地震 n. earthquake warn 警告；告诫警告；告诫 v. inside 在里面；向室内在里面；向室内 adv. 在在.里面里面 prep. 里面的；内部的里面的；内部的 adj. keep 在在.正下方；正下方； prep. 在在.下面下面 under 保持；留在保持；留在 v v. . Words and expressions / wInd/ /klI/ keep clear of /k:m/ /breIv/ /helpfl/

9、 /pa/ 不和不和.接触接触 镇静的；沉着的镇静的；沉着的 adj. brave勇敢的；无畏的勇敢的；无畏的 adj. power 有用的；提供帮助的有用的；提供帮助的 adj. calm 电；电力电；电力 n. helpful window clear 不和不和.接触的；接触的； 不挨不挨.太近的太近的 adj. 清除；清理；移走清除；清理；移走 v. 窗；窗户窗；窗户 n n 1 Work in pairs. Look at the pictures and ask and answer the questions. 1 Where are the people? 2 What are

10、they doing? Why? hidingunderatable Inside the room Outside the building Movingawayfrombuilding In the bus Stayinginthebus In the building Leavingthebuilding butdontusethelift. 2. Look at the title of the passage and think about what to do in the earthquake. Stay away from windows and heavy furniture

11、.Whats else? Do not jump out of high buildings. Hide under a table! Leave the building but dont use the lift! And What to do in an earthquake Earthquakesalwayshappensuddenly,soitisdifficult towarnpeopleaboutthem.Usuallypeoplehavelittleor noideaaboutwhattododuringanearthquake,sohereis someadvice: Ins

12、ide 1Donotjumpoutofhighbuildings. 2Hideunderatable.Stayawayfromwindowsand heavyfurniture.Keepclearoffire. 3Leavethebuildingquicklywhenthegroundstops shaking,butdonotusethelift. 3 Read the passage and check your answer to Activity 2. keep clear of sth. 清除；摆脱；没有；不接触清除；摆脱；没有；不接触 4Keepcalm,especiallywhe

13、nyouarewithotherpeople. Bebraveandbehelpful. Outside 1Moveawayfrombuildings,becausepartsofabuilding mayfallonyou. 2Donotstandnearstreetlightsorunderpowerlines. 3Stayawayfrombridgesandtrees.Ifyouareinabusor acar,stayinit. 4Inthemountains,becarefuloffallingrocks. 5Onabeach,runawayfromtheseaandmorequic

14、klyto higherground. Inshort,followwhatyoulearntinschool.Youcanbe safeandyoucanalsohelpsaveothers. 4 Read the sentences. Decide if the following actions are right () or wrong (). When the earthquake started 1Ihidunderatable. 2Samsatonhisdesk. 3Aliceranoutofthebuilding. 4PeterandHelenstayedintheircar.

15、 5myfamilyandImovedawayfromthebeach. 5 Answer the questions. Use the words and expressions in the box. brave inside keep calm power lines street lights warn 1Whatisdifficulttodobeforeanearthquake? 2Whereshouldyoustaybeforethegroundstops shaking? 3Whatshouldyoudowhenyouarewithotherpeople? 4Whatshould

16、ntyoustandnearorunderinthe street? 1Whatisdifficulttodobeforeanearthquake? 2Whereshouldyoustaybeforethegroundstops shaking? 3Whatshouldyoudowhenyouarewithotherpeople? 4Whatshouldntyoustandnearorunderinthestreet? Its difficult to warn people before an earthquake We should stay inside. We should keep

17、calm and be brave. We shouldnt stand near power lines or under street lights in the street. Language points 1. Earthquakes always happen suddenly, so it is difficult to warn people about them. 地震地震总是发生得很突然，所以很难给予人们预警。总是发生得很突然，所以很难给予人们预警。 句中的句中的them指的是指的是earthquakes。 warn sb. about sth.意为意为“提醒提醒/警告某人

18、注意某事警告某人注意某事”。 如：如： I was going for a swim in the sea. The people in the hotel warned me about the weather. 我要去海里游泳，宾馆里的人提醒我要注意天气。我要去海里游泳，宾馆里的人提醒我要注意天气。 2. Keep calm, especially when you are with other people. 保持镇静，尤其是当身边还有其他人的时候。保持镇静，尤其是当身边还有其他人的时候。 keep calm是系动词是系动词+形容词构成的动词短语。其他形容词构成的动词短语。其他 的行为动

19、词还能作系动词的有的行为动词还能作系动词的有: become, feel, look, seem 等。如：等。如： Everybody became quiet. 所有人都安静下来了。所有人都安静下来了。 He looked a little nervous. 他看上去有点儿紧张他看上去有点儿紧张. 3. In short, follow what you learnt in school. 总之，按照在学校所学到的（地震）知识总之，按照在学校所学到的（地震）知识去做。去做。 in short的意思是的意思是“总之，简言之总之，简言之”。如：。如： In short, I am interes

20、ted in all of the sports. 总之，我对一切运动都感兴趣。总之，我对一切运动都感兴趣。 This book is, in short, an exciting story about adventures. 简言之，这本书描述的是一简言之，这本书描述的是一 个惊心动魄的探险个惊心动魄的探险 故事。故事。 6 Work in pairs. Do the following research. Inside your school Makealistofsafeplacesanddangerousplacesat yourschoolifanearthquakehappens

21、. Notewheretheneareststairsanddoorstothe outsideoftheschoolbuildingsare. Outside your school Makealistofplacesnearyourschool.Noteifthey aresafeordangerous. Notewherethestreetsgo,andwherestreetlights andpowerlinesare. 7 Write some instructions about what to do in an earthquake. Go out and meet on the

22、 playground. Do not use the lift. Stay away from the blackboard. You must stay away from the blackboard. It could fall on you. Now work in pairs. Check and share your instructions. Dont sit under the window You mustnt under the window. It could break 祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、祈使句表达说话人对对方的叮嘱、劝告、希望、 禁止、建议、

23、请求或命令等。祈使句一禁止、建议、请求或命令等。祈使句一 般以动词般以动词 原形开头，无时态和数的变化。常见的句型如下：原形开头，无时态和数的变化。常见的句型如下： 1. 动词原形构成的祈使句动词原形构成的祈使句 此类祈使句喑含的主此类祈使句喑含的主语是语是you,但通常但通常省略省略。否定。否定 句往往由句往往由do not (dont)或或never开头。开头。 祈使句的句祈使句的句 首或句末有时加首或句末有时加please，还可以加上称呼语，用逗，还可以加上称呼语，用逗 号与句子主体隔开。号与句子主体隔开。 祈使句祈使句 如：如： Have a nice clay! 祝你度过美好的一天！

24、祝你度过美好的一天！ Dont waste your time! 别浪费时间别浪费时间 了了 ！ Never be late again! 再也不要迟到再也不要迟到 了了 ！ Come this way please ! 请走这边。请走这边。 Please be quiet, boys! 男孩们，请安静！男孩们，请安静！ Make sure hes warm. 确保他不受凉。确保他不受凉。 Dont use the lift. 不要使用电梯。不要使用电梯。 2. lets构成的祈使句构成的祈使句 这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。如：这类祈使句往往用于提出建议。如： Lets spend this

25、weekend in the countryside. 这周咱们到乡下度周末吧。这周咱们到乡下度周末吧。 Lets take a taxi, shall we? 我们坐出租车好吗？我们坐出租车好吗？ 3. 无动词祈使句无动词祈使句 在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句，它在请求、命令和口号中，常用无动词祈使句，它 实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简实际上是省略了动词，从而使语句更简 洁有力。洁有力。 如：如： Just a minute, please! 请稍等！请稍等！ This way, please! 请这边走！请这边走！ 1. Call me when you get home. OK, _. A. I must B. I can C. I will D. I may 2. Jim, _ me a hand. A. gives