如何写好英语议论文

1、 No. 96 Middle School Jiang Huiying 中考书面表达给分范围：中考书面表达给分范围： 一等文：12-15分 二等文：9-11分 三等文：6-8分 四等文：0-5分 (三)第二段 (二 ) 第一段 (四)第三段 1）引出话题2.携带信息,亮明观点3.（过渡下文） First, 主题句 Second, 主题句 Third, 主题句 拓展句1 拓展句2 拓展句1 拓展句1 拓展句2 拓展句2 1.总结上文 2.重申主题 （3.升华主题 4.提出号召） （一） 标题 Four Parts 三段式 (回答why) （20122012真题真题）音乐是另一种语言， 在不同的场

2、合会带给我们不同 的感受。有的同学认为在写作业 时听音乐可以让我们愉悦心情、 放松身体、清醒头脑；也有一些同 学认为这样做会影响思路、感到困倦、 浪费时间请你围绕“中学生该不 该写作业时听音乐”这一话题，展开 思路谈谈你的感想。 1.WE SHOULD LISTEN TO MUSIC WHEN/WHILE/AS WERE DOING HOMEWORK 2.WE SHOULD/SHOULDNT LISTEN TO MUSIC WHEN/WHILE/WITH/DURING DOING HOMEWORK WE SHOULD WE SHOULDNT 标题 1.WE SHOULD /SHOULDNT L

3、ISTEN TO MUSIC1.WE SHOULD /SHOULDNT LISTEN TO MUSIC 2.WE SHOULD/SHOULDNT DO HOMEWORK WHEN LISTENING TO MUSIC2.WE SHOULD/SHOULDNT DO HOMEWORK WHEN LISTENING TO MUSIC 3.WE LISTEN TO MUSIC WHEN WE ARE DOING OUR HOMEWORK3.WE LISTEN TO MUSIC WHEN WE ARE DOING OUR HOMEWORK 4.SHOULD WE LISTEN TO MUSIC WHEN

4、 DOING HOMEWORK4.SHOULD WE LISTEN TO MUSIC WHEN DOING HOMEWORK 5. MY OPION ON LISTENING TO MUSIC WHEN DOING HOMEWORK5. MY OPION ON LISTENING TO MUSIC WHEN DOING HOMEWORK （一）标题拼写有误 （二）拼写无误但不得分 标题 1）引出话题 2）携带信息,亮明观点 3）过渡下文（可以不写） 第一段第一段 第一段第一段 议论文常用引题方法 开门见山法 Music is another language, it is helpful fo

5、r us 设问法 Do you think .? Should we.? 排比法 It is music that .; It is music that 驳论法 Some students would like to ,they think it a good way. But I dont think it a good habit. We should do like that. 名言警句法 As a proverb says “All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy” 对比法 Some students think doing lots o

6、f English exercises is a kind of wasting time. Others think doing lots of English exercises can make us improve our grades. 1 1）引出话题）引出话题 举例子 列数字 For example, my friend.,but now he .because of. According to a recent survey, 80% of the students NoticeNotice 不可罗列下文的论据 必须使用恰当的名言警句 Where there is a will

7、, there is a way. 第一段第一段 2）携带信息亮明观点携带信息亮明观点 u信息点是“中学生”最好在第一段提出 u观点要明完整。听音乐和做作业缺一不可 In my opinion, as middle school students ,we should/shouldnt listen to music when we are doing our homework. 论点的提出 I think we should /shouldnt. In my opinion ,we should/ shouldnt. To my mind , we should/shouldnt Shoul

8、d we .? I think the answer is “yes” Some people think . But I dont think so . 第一段第一段 3 3）过渡下文）过渡下文 uHere are my reasons/opinions. uListen to my reasons/opinions. 不要写成 Here are my suggestions. 第一段第一段 比喻 第一段第一段 名言警句 强调排比 设问 亮出观点 As a saying goes, “All work and no play As a saying goes, “All work and n

9、o play makes Jack a dull boy.”makes Jack a dull boy.” It is music that can It is music that can make our life full of color. It is music that make our life full of color. It is music that can stop us from being tired.can stop us from being tired. Music is like Music is like the sun that can make our

10、 life warm.the sun that can make our life warm. As As middle school students middle school students ， ，should we listen to should we listen to the music when we do our homework?the music when we do our homework? In my In my opinion, we should listen to the music when opinion, we should listen to the

11、 music when we do our homework. we do our homework. 例文例文 第 二 段 First, 主题句 Second, 主题句 Third, 主题句 拓展句1 拓展句2 拓展句2 拓展句1 拓展句1 拓展句2 回答why 第二段第二段 1.主题句句式一致，信息全面 2.分论点不要重复 3.分论点之间逐层递进 4.每一句主题句后都要有至少两个拓展句 5.要用恰当的关联词 6.名言警句要恰当。 Notice 第二段第二段 l 表议论顺序的常用关联词表议论顺序的常用关联词 1.(the)first, (the)second, (the)third ， ，(

12、the)last 2. firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally 3. in the first place, in the second place, in the third place 4. to begin with, then , furthermore, finally 5. to start with , next, in addition , finally 6. first and foremost, besides, last but not least 7. the most important of all, moreover , fina

13、lly 8. on the one hand, on the other hand , 9. for one thing, for another thing l 表并列或递进表并列或递进: and, bothand, neithernor, not onlybut also, as well, as well as, besides, whats more, also, in addition, and also l 表选择表选择： ： or, eitheror. l 表转折或让步表转折或让步: but, although, though, yet, however, no matter,

14、after all. l 表对比表对比:like, unlike, while, compared with l 表举例表举例： ：for example, such as， ，take for example,iin other words. l 表强调表强调： ：in fact, of course, besides, first of all, Worse still, Whats worse l 表因果关系表因果关系: because, since, as, for, for this reason, because of this, in this case, therefore,

15、so, 第二段第二段 议论文常用谚语集锦议论文常用谚语集锦 1. Actions speak louder than words. 事实胜于雄辩 7. Its never too late to mend.亡羊补牢 8. One today is worth two tomorrows.一个今天胜似两个明天 9. A bird in the hand is worth than two in the bush一鸟在手胜于两鸟在林 10.Its never to late to learn.活到老，学到老 11.A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半

16、12.Better late than never.晚来总比不来好 13.By reading we enrich the mind, by conversation we polish it. 读书使人充实，交谈使人精明 14.Care and diligence bring luck.谨慎和勤奋才能抓住机遇 15.10. Many a little makes a nickle.积少便成多 16.11. Rome was not built in a day.罗马不是一天建成的 17.12. There is no royal road to learning.学问无坦途 18.13. A

17、 life without a friend is a life without a sun.人生没有朋友犹如生活没有阳 光 19.14.Disapointment is the nurse of wisdom挫折哺育智慧 2. 15. Do not attend to two things at a time一心不能二用 第二段第二段 例文 First, First, listening to the music when we do our homework listening to the music when we do our homework can make us relaxed

18、.can make us relaxed. When we listen to the music, we can When we listen to the music, we can easily focus on the homework. easily focus on the homework. If we listen to the If we listen to the music ,well have more power to study.80 percent of the music ,well have more power to study.80 percent of

19、the excellent students listen to the music when they do excellent students listen to the music when they do homework. Second, homework. Second, listening to the music when we do our listening to the music when we do our homework can give us happiness. homework can give us happiness. when we listen t

20、o the when we listen to the music ,well enjoy ourselves. music ,well enjoy ourselves. One of my classmates likes One of my classmates likes listening to the music when he does homework. listening to the music when he does homework. So he So he enjoys the music and finishes the homework happily. Thir

21、d, enjoys the music and finishes the homework happily. Third, listening to music when we do our homework can help us listening to music when we do our homework can help us remember. remember. If we listen to the music, well remember things If we listen to the music, well remember things easily. easi

22、ly. Its helpful for us to remember the knowledge in Its helpful for us to remember the knowledge in the homework.the homework. 列数字列数字 举举例子例子 （复合句）（复合句） 典型句式典型句式 （复合句）（复合句） （复合句）（复合句）摆摆道理道理 摆摆道理道理 摆摆道理道理 第三段第三段 1）总结上文，重申主题 2）升华主题，提出号召 总结时不能用Above all. 不能罗列上文论据，总结要有概括性。 重申主题必须呼应论点，不要补充相反的观点 NoticeNoti

23、ce (可以没有) 第三段 总结上文总结上文 In a word,. All in all , In short , To sum up,. Generally speaking , Overall,. 第三段 重申主题重申主题 We should do Theres no doubt that .is the wisers choice Theres no need for us to do. Were sure to find how important it is to . Theres no denying that Its obvious that. Its clear that.

24、第三段第三段 升华主题 Theres a saying. The more , the more. Not onlybut also. Either or . Neithernor 提出号召 Lets ,shall we? Why not do For ., lets get started from now on. Lets say “Yes”/ “No” to. 升华主题 第三段 In a word,In a word, theres no doubt that we theres no doubt that we should listen to the music when we do

25、 should listen to the music when we do our homework. our homework. As long as we listen to As long as we listen to the music, well feel confidence. As the music, well feel confidence. As long as we listen to the music, well be long as we listen to the music, well be wiser. As a saying goes, “Seeing

26、is wiser. As a saying goes, “Seeing is believing.”believing.” Lets take actions to listen Lets take actions to listen to the music when we do our homework.to the music when we do our homework. 例文 总结 重申观点 提出号召 我的做法我的做法 1解读中考评分标准 2教给学生如何判断题材 3对照范文，指出各部分内容 4分部练习1） 提炼观点拟定标题 2） 根据话题收集论据 5形成文章 6范文点评 7修改润色

27、 分组讨论 利用阅读材料提炼论据 我的做法我的做法 1 给学生解读中考书面表达评分标准。 （一）评分原则： 1. 考生要根据所提供的材料和话题做答，按四个等次给分。 2. 使用了真实姓名、地名和学校名，此题不给分。 3. 有下列情况之一降一个等次： 脱离所提供的信息材料和话题 结构不完整 论据不充分 词数不足80个。 4. 有下列情况之一在总分中扣1分： 书写字迹潦草，以致影响表达 没拟标题或标题有误。 5. 严重语法错误每处扣1分 词语搭配或措辞不当1-2个扣1分。（同一错误不重复扣分；最多 不超过3分） 6. 文中出现拼写、大小写等错误1-3个扣1分，3个以上扣2分，最多不超过2分。英、美

28、拼写及词汇用 法均可接受。 （二） 评分要求： 1. 评分时应先考虑文章结构及文章的可读性，其次考虑较为复杂的有误词语的数量和句子结构的准 确性。 2. 评分时要根据短文内容和语言初步确定其所属等次，再以该等次的要求来衡量，确定或调整等次 ，最后给分。 （三） 给分范围： 一等文：（12-15分）文章结构合理，论据充分。语言丰富优美、语法准确、信息完整、可读性强。 二等文：（9-11分）注意文章结构，但论据不够充分。语言较流畅、能用完整的句式，有些语法错误 ，但不影响意思表达，可读性较好。 三等文：（6-8分）文章结构不合理，语言表达不够清楚。能用一些词勉强表达情感，语法、句式达 不到准确完整

29、。 四等文：（0-5分）基本不成文。 （2012真题） 音乐是另一种语言，在不同的场合会带 给我们不同的感受。有的同学认为在写作业时 听音乐可以让我们愉悦心情、放松身体、清醒 头脑；也有一些同学认为这样做会影响思路、 感到困倦、浪费时间请你围绕“中学生该中学生该 不该写作业时听音乐不该写作业时听音乐”这一话题，展开思路 谈谈你的感想。 2.教给学生如何判断体材 议论文体材标志性词语：该不该，要不要，是否应该议论文体材标志性词语：该不该，要不要，是否应该 我的做法 （2012道里二模） 九年级学生在校时间已经很长，许多同学离校后仍然背 着沉重的书包奔走于各个补课班之间。有的同学认为课 外补习能对

30、学校学习的内容加以复习巩固，不同的教师 能使他们视野更开阔，补课班人少更有利于解决个性化 的问题；有的同学则认为参加课外补课弊多利少，如， 课外补课占用大量的时间，学生没有时间反思自己的学 习，也使身体过于疲劳，学习效率降低，而且增加父母 的经济负担等等。请你围绕“九年级学生该不该参加课九年级学生该不该参加课 外补课外补课（evening classes）”这一话题，展开思路谈谈 你的想法。 3.3.对照范文，指出议论文各段必要结构内容对照范文，指出议论文各段必要结构内容 我的做法我的做法 提出号召 升华主题 重申论点 总结 主题句 引论 WE SHOULDNT HAVE EVENING CL

31、ASSES Its obvious that all the students in Grade Nine are trying their best to prepare for the coming exam. They all want to get a high mark to enter a perfect high school. Therefore, lots of students spend much time having evening classes to improve themselves. However, in my opinion, as the studen

32、ts in Grade Nine shouldnt have evening classes. First, having evening classes wastes lots of time. We have spent over ten hours studying at school. All of us are very exhausted. If we still have evening classes with tiredness, we cant get a good result in our study. No effective study is a waste of

33、time. Second , having evening classes makes us lose interest in our study. More and more evening classes make us bored with our study. Without interest in our study, how can we get a better score? Third, having evening classes costs lots of money. Third , having evening busy every day to earn money

34、for . So to stop having evening classes is to reduce the pressure of our parents. In a word, we shouldnt have evening classes. In this way, we may learn better by ourselves than before. We can also live happily and freely. Lets take actions from now on to say good bye to evening classes with a scien

35、tific way of studying 信息观点 拓展句 拟标题 1.中学生该不该在周末参加补课班 Should_ Shouldnt_ 2.中学生应不应该在睡觉前看电子书 Should_ Shouldnt_ 3.九年级学生考试前是否应该熬夜备考 Should_ Shouldnt_ 4.中学生该不该在写作业时看电视 Should_ Shouldnt_ 5九年级学生该不该在寒假打工（take a part-time job) Should_ Shouldnt_ 我的做法我的做法 分组讨论收集论据分组讨论收集论据 我们不能没有朋友。在生活中朋友关心和照顾我们，在学习 中朋友会鼓励和扶持我们。朋友

36、会和我们一起克服苦难、分享 快乐。但是结交太多的朋友会花费我们太多的时间，分散我们 的精力，从而会影响我们的学习。请你围绕“九年级学生该不该 交朋友为话题”，展开思路，谈谈你的感想。 First, friends can help us solve the problems. Second, friends can make us know we are not alone. Third,friends can make us feel the world more colorful and the life more meaningful. First, making friends may

37、 waste time. Second , making friends may make us not focus on study Third , making friends may bring us trouble. Should Shouldnt 我的做法我的做法 利用阅读材料提炼论据 As we go through our busy days _our tasks-work, shopping , housework and so on. We often complain that we dont feel good. There is a simple way that yo

38、u can feel better_the day and also e more attractive. All you have to do is smile more. Smiling changes your_, whether you realize it or not. If you dont think so, next time you feel_, start smiling and thinking active thoughts and see what happens. You have a better feeling with a better attitude.

39、Smiling also raises your confidence. Smiling affects your feeling because of a brain-body connection. It begins activity in the left head- the place of the brain_happiness is. Your face has 44nuscles between the skin and bone that you move. This lets you make over 5000 different types of expressions

40、. Thats a lot of expressions !and each will have different effect_your feelings and those persons who are looking at you. . Now that you know how good smiling is for you , make an _to use this smile to exercise six times a day . . So when you smile not only will you make yourself feel better, you wi

41、ll also attract others energy into your life. So smile ! Smiling makes your life colorful and full of happiness. 我的做法 First , Smiling changes your thoughts Second , Smiling also raises your confidence. Third, Smiling affects your feeling 论点论点 论据论据 We Should Smile a Lot WE SHOULD SMILE A LOT Do you t

42、hink smiling a lot is good for us? Should we smile a lot? I think the answer is “Yes”. Especially for us students from Grade Nine, we should smile a lot. First , smiling a lot changes your thoughts. Whether you realize it or not ,so it does. If you dont think so next time you feel down, start smiling and thinking active thoughts . You will have better