初中常见被动语态

1、复习课复习课 要点回顾要点回顾 Hebrokethewindow.（主动主动语态）语态） 英语的谓语动词有两种语态：主动语态和英语的谓语动词有两种语态：主动语态和_ 被动语态。被动语态。 主动语态表示句子的主语为动作的执行者，主动语态表示句子的主语为动作的执行者， 被动语态表示句子的主语为动作的被动语态表示句子的主语为动作的_ 语态，指的是主语和语态，指的是主语和_的关系。的关系。 承受者。承受者。 Thewindowwasbrokenbyhim.（被动被动语态）语态） 动词动词 Step 1Step 1 Hebrokethewindow. Thewindowwasbrokenbyhim. 1

2、. 将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。将主动语态的宾语变成被动语态的主语。 (关键点：关键点：找准谓语动词找准谓语动词，确定宾语。，确定宾语。) 方法指导方法指导 2. 谓语动词变为谓语动词变为“be+及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”，并通过，并通过 be 的变化来表达出不同的时态。的变化来表达出不同的时态。 (关键点：关键点：熟悉熟悉各种时态的各种时态的主动结构主动结构和和不规则动词不规则动词。) 3.主动语态的主语变为介词主动语态的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语放的宾语，组成介词短语放 在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。在被动结构中的谓语动词之后。by的短语可以省略。的短语可以省略

3、。 (关键点：关键点：by后面后面的人称代词的人称代词用宾格用宾格。) 怎样把主动语态变成被动语态怎样把主动语态变成被动语态? be + PP 被动语态的重点结构被动语态的重点结构: : 有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化 Step 2:Step 2: 1. Now English _ by more and more people today. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken 一般现在时的被动语态：一般现在时的被动语态： am / is / are + PP 2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last nig

4、ht. A. was found B. is found C. was find 一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态： was / were + PP 3. More schools _ in the future. A. will built B. will be built C. are built 一般将来时的被动语态：一般将来时的被动语态： will + be + PP 4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built 现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态：

5、 have / has + been + PP 5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词情态动词 + be + PP Step 3:Step 3: 被动语态的难点结构被动语态的难点结构 6. The man _ clean the room. A. was made B. was made to C. made 使役动词使役动词 let / make / have 感官动词感官动词 see / hear / watc

6、h / feel / notice 后接省略后接省略 to 的不定式的不定式 (例如：例如：make sb do sth / see sb do sth) 变被动句时，应加上不定式符号变被动句时，应加上不定式符号 to (sb be made to do sth / sb be seen to do sth) make / let / have sb do sth. 使役动词后接动词原形使役动词后接动词原形 =Sb is made / let / had to do sth. 被动语态被动语态to不能省略不能省略 see / hear / watch / feel / notice sb do

7、 sth. 感官动词后接动词原形感官动词后接动词原形 =Sb is seen / heard / watched / felt / noticed to do sth. 被动语态被动语态to不能省略不能省略 7. She gave me a pen.(改为被动语态改为被动语态) A. I was given a pen by her B. A pen was given me by her C. A pen was given to me by her 谓语动词带双宾语时（两个都是动词的对象）谓语动词带双宾语时（两个都是动词的对象） 若将若将间接间接宾语（宾语（人人）转化为主语）转化为主语 则

8、保留直接宾语则保留直接宾语 若将若将直接直接宾语（宾语（物物）转化为主语）转化为主语 则保留间接宾语，且在间接宾语前加则保留间接宾语，且在间接宾语前加 to 或或 for 间接宾语前用介词间接宾语前用介词to的动词的动词: 1.主动语态主动语态 give / show / pass / lend / send / tell / teach sb sth = give /show / pass / lend / send / tell / teach sth to sb 2.被动语态被动语态 sb is given / shown / passed / lent / sent / told /

9、taught sth = sth is given / shown / passed / lent / sent / told / taught to sb. 间接宾语前用介词间接宾语前用介词for的动词的动词: 1.主动语态主动语态 make / buy / fetch / get sb sth = make / buy / fetch / get sth for sb 2.被动语态被动语态 Sb is made / bought / fetched / got sth = Sth is made / bought / fetched / got for sb 8. Children sho

10、uld _. A. take good care of B. be taken good care C. be taken good care of 固定短语的被动语态不能丢掉后面的介词或副词固定短语的被动语态不能丢掉后面的介词或副词 主动表被动主动表被动 1.sell, drive, write, wash等动词与等动词与easilywell 连用表示事物的性质特征。连用表示事物的性质特征。 1)The books sell well in our city. 2)This kind of car drives well . 3)My new pen writes well. 4)The c

11、lothes that my mother bought for me wash easily. 2.need, want, require等词后接动名词，表示等词后接动名词，表示 “需要被需要被” My shoes need washing (=need to be washed). The window wants cleaning(=want to be cleaned). The flowers require watering(=require to be watered). 各单元语法结构 Unit 1.问方式的句型及答语问方式的句型及答语:How do you study for

12、 a test ? By doing sth. Unit 2.谈论过去常做的事情谈论过去常做的事情:used to do sth. Unit 3.含有情态动词的被动语含有情态动词的被动语 态态:shouldmustcanmay+be+done Unit 4.条件从句的虚拟语气条件从句的虚拟语气:sb. would do if sb. didwere sth. Unit 5.肯定猜测和否定猜测肯定猜测和否定猜测:mustmaycouldmight,cant Unit 6.定语从句关系代词定语从句关系代词:that,who,which,whom的运用的运用 Unit 7.定语从句关系副词定语从句关系副词:where,when的运用的运用,及谈论意愿及谈论意愿. Unit 8.谈论做志愿者工作谈论做志愿者工作,运用好动词短语运用好动词短语:注意搭配注意搭配. Unit 9.被动语态的运用被动语态的运用,特别是特别是:一般现在时一般现在时,一般过去时一般过去时, 一般将来时一般将来时,现在完成时现在完成时,含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的被动语态. Un