初中被动语态讲解PPT学习教案

1、会计学1 初中被动语态讲解初中被动语态讲解 英语动词有两种语态：英语动词有两种语态： 主动语态主动语态 (the Active Voice) 被动语态被动语态 (the Passive Voice) A. 主动语态表示主语是动作的主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者执行者。 B. 被动语态表示主语是动作的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者承受者。 We planted the tree. The tree was planted by us. 注：后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态注：后面能接宾语的动词才有被动语态 第1页/共27页 We speak English. 主语主语谓语谓语 宾语宾语 Engli

2、sh is spoken by us. 主语主语谓语谓语宾语宾语 主动语态主动语态 被动语态被动语态 They cleaned the classroom yesterday. 昨天他们打扫了教室。昨天他们打扫了教室。 The classroom was cleaned by them yesterday. 昨天教室被他们打扫了。昨天教室被他们打扫了。 第2页/共27页 歌诀：被动语态歌诀：被动语态be字变，过去分词跟后面字变，过去分词跟后面 第3页/共27页 (一)被动语态基本用法: 当句子的主语是动作的执行者 时，谓语的形式是主动语态。 当句子的主语是动作的承受者 时，谓语要用被动语态。被

3、动 语态由助动词be+过去分词构 成，时态通过be表现出来。 第4页/共27页 be + 过去分词过去分词 ( (二二) )被动语态的基本结构被动语态的基本结构: : 有各种时态的变化有各种时态的变化 第5页/共27页 1.1.规则动词的过去分词：规则动词的过去分词： 1)1)一般情况在动词原形后一般情况在动词原形后加加-ed-ed watch- watched2)2)以不发音以不发音e e结尾的加结尾的加-d-dpractice- practiced 3)3)以辅音加以辅音加y y结尾的，去结尾的，去y y变变i i加加-ed-ed study- studied4)4)以重读闭音节结尾，末尾

4、只有一个辅音字母，先双写以重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写 该辅音字母，再加该辅音字母，再加-ed-edstop-stopped 2.2.不规则动词的过去分词不规则动词的过去分词： am is are was were been have has had do done writewritten gogone 动词过去分词的变化动词过去分词的变化: 第6页/共27页 1. Now English _ by more and more people all over the word. A. speaks B. is spoken C. was spoken 一般现在时的被动语态：一

5、般现在时的被动语态： 主语主语+am / is / are + PP 第7页/共27页 2. The lost boy _ at the street corner last night. A. was found B. is found C. was looked for 一般过去时的被动语态：一般过去时的被动语态： 主语主语+was / were + PP 第8页/共27页 3. More man-made satellites _ in the future. A. will send up B. will be sent up C. are sent up 一般将来时的被动语态：一般将

6、来时的被动语态： 主语主语+will + be + PP 主语主语+ +be going to + be + PP 第9页/共27页 4. Three bridges _ since last year. A. have built B. were built C. have been built 现在完成时的被动语态：现在完成时的被动语态： 主语主语+have/ has+ been + PP 第10页/共27页 5. Flowers _ every day. A. has been watered B. should be watered C. should water 含有情态动词的被动语

7、态：含有情态动词的被动语态： 情态动词情态动词 + be + PP 第11页/共27页 ( (四四) )主动语态变被动语态主动语态变被动语态: : (1)(1)把把来的来的提到前面作被动语态的提到前面作被动语态的 (2)(2)把把谓语动词谓语动词变成变成被动结构被动结构( (bebe过去分词过去分词) () (根根 据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数，以及原来 主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定bebe的形式的形式) )。 (3)(3)把主动语态中的把主动语态中的主语主语放在介词放在介词byby之后作之后作宾语宾语， 将将主格主

8、格改为改为宾格宾格。如：。如： They make the bikes in the factory. . The bikes in the factory.are madethem by 第12页/共27页 主变被步骤主变被步骤: : 1.找宾语找宾语: 即动作的承受者即动作的承受者(改为主语改为主语) He washed his car yesterday. His car 3. 判断判断新主语新主语的单复数的单复数:确定确定be动词的单复数动词的单复数. be 4. 判断动词的时态判断动词的时态 : 即即be动词的时态动词的时态. 2. 修改谓语的语态修改谓语的语态:即即be+原原V.过

9、去分词过去分词 washed 5. 修改原句的主语修改原句的主语 :即即by +主语主语(变宾格变宾格). (by him) yesterday. is was was 第13页/共27页 2.She broke the windows. The windows 3.He cleans the classroom everyday. The classroom was broken by Tom. were broken by her. is cleaned by him be动词的单复数变化动词的单复数变化: everyday. 第14页/共27页 1. They will finish t

10、he work in ten days. The work in ten days. will be finished(by them) 第15页/共27页 1. Amy can take good care of the cat The cat can be taken good care of by Amy. 第16页/共27页 ( (四四) )被动语态的特殊情况被动语态的特殊情况: :1.在主动语态中在主动语态中, ,make, let, hear, see, watch, notice等词等词,其后跟省略其后跟省略to的动词的动词 不定式不定式(动词原形动词原形),在变为被动语态时在变

11、为被动语态时,必须必须 还原动词不定式符号还原动词不定式符号to.如如: 1) We heard him sing this song in the room. He was heard to sing this song in the room. 2) The boss made him work 14 hours a day. He was made to work 14 hours a day. 3) I see him walk to school. He is seen to walk to school. 第17页/共27页 A traffic accident _(happen)

12、 just now. happened 2. 连系动词连系动词（Link.v.) 如：如：be, look, seem, feel, sound, smell, taste, get, turn, become Peking Opera _ (sound) beautiful.sounds 3. 当此动词表示当此动词表示事物的自然属性事物的自然属性的时候的时候: The pen _ (write) very fast.writes This kind of sweater _ (sell) well. sells 1. 不及物动词不及物动词（vi.) 如如:happen, take place

13、, appear, disappear, 不用被动语态的动词：不用被动语态的动词： 第18页/共27页 表示主语的自然属性特征表示主语的自然属性特征well/ badly/easily/smoothly),常见动词：常见动词： read, write, sell, wash, clean, wear, lock, open, cook, shut, dry, eat, drink, The books _ well A. were sold B. sell C. have sold D. are being sold This kind of cloth _ easily A. has was

14、hed B. was washed C. washes D. is washed 第19页/共27页 1. Many accidents_ by careless drivers last year. A. are caused B. were caused C. have caused D. will cause 2. An official _ by some reporters on food problems in Shanghai yesterday. A. is interviewing B. is interviewed C. was interviewing D. was in

15、terviewed 3. Today a lot of information can _ online. A. receive B. be received C. is received D. receiving 4. Im glad to find that many trees_ in our city last year. A. plant B. planted C. were planted D. are planted 第20页/共27页 第21页/共27页 Correct the mistake(s) in each sentence if any: 1)Two boys hur

16、t while playing a ball 2)The singer lived in London until he was sending to university 3)How long do you think the meeting will be lasted? 第22页/共27页 4)Class is begun at 7:30 every day 5)His plan is sounded good 第23页/共27页 1.树要在春天种树要在春天种; 2.树坑要挖得够大树坑要挖得够大,但不要太深但不要太深; 3.把树放进坑里把树放进坑里,扶直扶直; 4.把泥推回坑里把泥推回坑

17、里,用脚踩实用脚踩实; 5.在旁边插一根坚实的长棍子在旁边插一根坚实的长棍子,并且保证棍并且保证棍 子插直了子插直了; 6.用绳子用绳子（rope）把棍子和树绑起来把棍子和树绑起来 7.浇好水浇好水. 根据提示写一篇以根据提示写一篇以How to Plant a Tree?为题目的短文，要求内容齐全，为题目的短文，要求内容齐全， 上下文连贯。尽量使用上下文连贯。尽量使用被动语态被动语态，80词左词左 右。右。 第24页/共27页 1.树要在春天树要在春天种种; 2.树坑要树坑要挖挖得得够大够大, 但不要但不要太深太深; 3.把把树树放进放进坑里坑里, 扶直扶直; 4.把把泥泥推回推回坑里坑里,

18、 用用脚脚踩实踩实; 5.在旁边在旁边插插一根坚一根坚 实的长棍子实的长棍子,并且并且 保证保证棍子插棍子插直直了了; 6.用用绳子（绳子（rope） 把把棍子棍子和和树树绑起绑起 来来 7.浇好水浇好水. be planted be dugbig enough too deep put into be kept straight push back to push hard with knock into be kept straight be tied to with be watered well 第25页/共27页 Trees must be planted in Spring. The hole must be dug large enough but not too deep. Put the tree into the