解析愤怒的葡萄中的人物形象

1、Ack no wledgeme ntsI am deeply grateful to Mr. Liu Zhigang, my tutor, to whom I owe a great deal of gratitude and appreciation. Mr. Liu gave me a lot of in valuable in structio ns and helped me much in every stage of my thesis writing. His patient help and timely encouragement are worthy of high ack

2、 no wledgeme nt.I would also like to offer my sin cere gratitude to those teachers who spe nd their precious time in read ing this thesis.Moreover, to thank all my friends, I could not have finished my paper without their help.Fi nally, I would also like to take this opport unity to tha nk mypare nt

3、s who give me con fide nce and en able me to do my own work freely. AbstractThe Grapes of Wrath was a moder n America n no vel by Joh n Stein beck and mainly described the econo mic panic of 1930s in Un ited States where a great nu mber of farmers went ban krupt and fled from fami ne. The story depi

4、cted a thrilli ng picture of social struggle, in which several leadi ng characters reflected a year ning for existe nce. In this story, people s mutual independence and help, their vigorous and persevera nt life and the conno tati on of huma n n ature in ben evole nceand kin dhearted ness had highli

5、ghted the glory of huma nitaria nthoughts, thus sublimat ing the huma nity.Key Words： economy; social struggle; desire for existence; humannature摘要愤怒的葡萄是美国现代小说家约翰斯坦贝克的作品。它主要描写了美国三十年代经济恐慌期间大批农民破产，逃荒的故事，反映惊心动魄的社会斗争图 景，在几个主要人物身上体现了一种对人生的生存欲望的向往，人类的相互依存和互助，生命的生生不息和坚忍不拔以及人类的善良和仁爱精神的人性内涵， 彰显人道主义思想的光辉，从而人性

6、再次得到了升华。关键词：经济；社会斗争；生存欲望；人性Conten ts TOC o 1-3 h z u1. In troduct ion 12. An An alysis of Characters 22.1 Casy 22.2 Joad 32.3 Joad s Mother 43. The Symbolic Meaning of Characters 53.1 A Symbol of Land Plot Grandpa 53.2 A Symbol of Resista nee of Casy and Tom 63.3 A Symbol of Good Human Nature of a M

7、other 74. Cause to the Ideological Change 84.1 Social Baekgrou nd 84.2 Joad s Mother 94.3 Tom 114.4 Casy 115. Con elusi on 12Bibliography 14An An alysis of the Characters in The Grapes of Wrath1. In troduct ionJoh n Stein beck was an America n writer, who was born in a middle-classfamily in Californ

8、ia. He lived in the tow n, with a ran ch, and lovedthe n atural sce nery of the coun tryside. By his mother s in flue nee,he very early eon tacted with Europea n classical literature, such as“ the Bible ” and Arthur King lege nd story. I n 1919, Joh n Stei nbeckwent to Stanford University to study.

9、During the learning period, thefarmer and the road tran sported team workers. He was familiar withthe people at the bottom of society, and many of his works were basedon their heros as well as the performa nee of the bottom of the kind,simple character, creat ing a“ Stein beck hero ” image. In the l

10、ate1930s, the vigorous developme nt of the workers moveme nt madeStein beck a great in flue nee. In 1935,“ Totti Prefecture ” publishedthen immediately received praise, and later published“ victoriousbattle ” ,“mouse and people ” ,“long valley ” ,“angry grapes ”were his masterpieces. It won the Puli

11、tzer Prize. In 1937 and 1947,Stein beck visited the Nordic and the Soviet Union twice. During theSecond World War, he went to Europe as a war corresp ondent to writereports and propaga nda works. The late main works were two no vels“ Ede n to the East ” and “ Our Dissatisfied Win ter” .The Grapes of

12、 Wrath was writte n by Stein beck. In the Un ited States in1930s, as the backgro und of the Great Depressi on of the docume ntaryfiction masterpiece, there was a reflection of the plight of peoples disturbanee, castigating American social and economic ills of left-wing literary works. The no vel ref

13、lected the 30s Great Depressi on ofAmerica n Society: many farmers left the hometow n, and forced by bigbus in ess travel, hop ing to find their“ Hope Town Califor nia, butthey had hardships and setbacks. A no vel by Joad as thereprese ntati on, in which about twelve of them fled from Oklahoma toCal

14、ifornia. It was a difficult experienee. In several of the maincharacters, we saw a desire for survival of life, huma nin terdepe nden ce, mutual aid, the conno tati on of huma n n ature andhuman life, life and growth in nature good, firm and indomitablespirit of ben evole nee. In Stein beck s view,

15、these huma n n atureconno tati on had deep value, and were more eter nal. With the deepe ning of the story of the novel, the main characters of the ideological and behavioral changed, and the glory of humanitarian ideas continued to flash. Human nature had been constantly sublimated.2. An An alysis

16、of CharactersThere were so many people in the no vel, they all had their own differe nt characters, and their differe nt characters had the very important effect to the novel. In this novel, these three people were the most important people, and they were the main characters in the novel, next I wou

17、ld analyze Casy, Joad and Joad s mother one by one.2.1 CasyThe main character in the novel, Casy, did not belong to the family of Joad. He was a priest because of his faith in the Christian doubt, so he gave up teach ing, to the com mon people. Although he was no Ion ger a priest, he was still willi

18、 ng to publicize some of the truth in life and to give people in spirati on. In the wilder ness, he was like Jesus s spiritual quest, His in sights could be see n in his outlook on life was beyond the ordinary people. He was the pursuit of spiritual wealth, and he realized a person s strength was li

19、mited.Only the in dividual soul comb in ati on in the“ soul ” had the stre ngthto overcome difficulties and to strike the ideological roots of that.Although Casy no Ion ger served as a pastor, his behavior and the soul of the world saved the same as Jesus. He and Tom with a family of twelve and went

20、 to California, liked Jesus with the twelve disciples to save people like the long journ ey. On the way, Casy showed the noble qualities of sacrifice for others. He was in prison for Tom. In pris on, he lear ned from the inm ates why the poor would take the risk and feel pity for the poor. At the sa

21、me time, he also lear ned that only the organization can form a powerful force. He realized the power of the “ big soul ” . For this experienee, Casy once said“ Iwould like Jesus to the wilder ness to seek the truth, sometimesalmost un dersta nd some truth, but in pris on, the only truly understand

22、the truth.”(Yu 241).After coming out of the pris on, Casy bent into the great cause of the plea for the poor. He orga ni zed a strike for higher wages to workers and workers exposed him to the capitalist and disi ntegrate workers con spiracy. Although he died un der the police stick, his spirit to i

23、n spire people in spired future gen erati ons. Joad was his heir to his spirit.2.2 JoadThe Joad s family were simple farmers and had not too much on the requireme nts of life. They just wan ted to pay on their own land and lived a simple life. But all these were lost in the drought and the ann exati

24、 on of the capitalist land. No one thought of a family, and saw the description of the West on the advertising. The state of California is full of infinite hope. Joad s grandfather describedCalifornia as his imagi nary paradise,“ or let me go to California,where I can pick it up if I want to eat ora

25、nges or grapes.” There sone thing I ve never really enjoyed, I ll pick a bunch of grapes and crush it on my face, and let the sweet grape juice flow down my cheeks. ” (Yu 324-325).So the Joad s family would sell Oklahoma property , and Casy sat on a broken down truck on the way to the west, then the

26、y met Olson in a dream was to go to the west, and walked together. But on the way, Casy in stead of Joad went to jail, his gran dpa died of a stroke. His brother ran away from home, and brother-i n-law also gone. The n grandma died. When they arrived in California only to find that this was not an i

27、deal paradise. Here was rich in grapes, but grapes in the huge tree. The barn would not contain food, and people were starv ing. A large nu mber of pigs were slaughtered or buried, and fruits were doused with kerose ne and bur ned as fuel, coffee and maize. But they did n t have eno ugh food to eat.

28、 The capitalists saw too many people flee, the n surplus labor forced to reduce wages to press workers. Had broke n dreams, Joad once aga in was in trouble.The Joad s family were originally honest and ordinary people timidly, but in a time of bully ing, Joad bega n to rebel the origi nal Joad becaus

29、e quarrel murder was senten ced to puni shme nt, the n he forbeared. In refugee clashes with police Hoover village, Joad had the impulse, and Casy went to jail for his own protecti on, so he had a deeprespect for Casy. Later, on the farm, he met Casy again. Soon, Casy died in police stick, hence all

30、 this an ger made Joad buried in the hearts of all broke out, and he killed the police, the n escaped from the family, Casy bega n to continue unfini shed bus in ess. His thought was also from a pers onal pursuit of pers onal happ in ess to the poor for the welfare of the big cha nge.2.3 Joad s Moth

31、erJoad s mother was an ordinary woma n, but in her body, she reflected America n wome n all the adva ntages. She was dilige nt and kin d-hearted, optimistic and in depe ndent.Joad s mother was a good mother, and full of love and forgive ness. She loved her childre n. Whether it was just out of pris

32、on after her husba nd left Joad or daughter Rosashar n, she had to care for protection not only in life care. Spiritual encouragement was still.She was the cen ter of the family. She worked hard for the family. She not only loved their childre n for their elders but also cherish. Joad s grandfather

33、left home in Germany because of reluctant life shometown. Joad at home was not willing to get on the bus if forcibly dragged him into the car, which would hurt him. Joad s mother wasdrunk with wine for him, and let him go on the car. On the way to the west, Joad s grandfather died, and then her gran

34、dmother was sick.Joad s mother took care of her, and fan for her, but she also let Rosashar n fan for her gran dmother. After her gran dmother died, she held her gran dmother in her arms all ni ght un til the car came into the Califor nia desert.For the life of misfortune, Joad s mother always faced

35、 withoptimistic attitude, towards a little pleasure in life, she would laugh. No matter what the risk, her performa nee calm demea nor.In the novel, there were several times. At the crucial moment, Joad s mother stood out bravely to make decisions. For example on the way, their car broke down, Joad

36、s father would divide the team first, the team car after another. But Joad s mother firmly opposed, because she thought it might be lost. Another time, on the way to the police, they uni oaded the car check ing, Joad mother and oppositi on, lied to her grandmother s ill grandmother had died, in fact

37、, in order to take care of all emoti ons, she held her gran dmother died over ni ght.When he was ready to stay away from his family, Joad was tryi ng to hide him in the car.Joad s mother not only treated her own family full of love but also treated outsiders, like that she started at his home to Cas

38、y, take him, Joad s father was not willing, but she should be, and the Olson family respectively, she would also be a part of pork and money left for them.3. The Symbolic Meaning of CharactersBefore 1930s the U.S. econo mic collapsed and farmers ren ted the land. A lot of labor had received little i

39、n come, but they were in small plots of land through their own hard work to maintain their livelihood. The economic crisis prompted the Iandlord to rent the tenant and took the opport un ity to recover the land to sell livestock. Capitalists in tractor impact farmers lost their land and housing, whi

40、ch meant that the old way of life would be cha nged.3.1 A Symbol of Land Plot Gran dpaThe Joads were driven from his family, life habits and labor in Oklahoma, Grandpa. He was the epitome of millions of older people, and his death was the symbol of the end of the old way of life.Grandpa was the olde

41、r person s representative. He was born in this land, and he worked hard in his mind tha n any thi ng valuable. We could see from their homes before and after their gran dfather saw this point. Whe n Tom was released from pris on, he gave the first description of the image of the old man for the firs

42、t time. Grandpa was a disheveled little old man, which the thin faced and a pair of little sparkling eyes. He loved to fight, and was argumentative, whi ny, temper of evil, ruthless and an xious, like a good tempered child, also shared as a pleasurable occupati on mome ntum, eati ng was swallowed, s

43、mall eyes sometimes emited light. Gran dpa fell in love with labor, bad as before he had been at work. He had also worked in California and would be able to reach out to pick grapes He was full of longing, once he playfully imagined that let grape juice into hispants, he felt that there would be a n

44、ew work in fruit trees. Thesecould be a new life for himself but was the old man strong landcomplex completely dismissed, starti ng immediately in the wholefamily whe n he cha nged his mind, his eyes dull, completely lost theevil that made the usual, he decided to stay at home. In the role of medici

45、nal wine, the family took his grandfather, In the life of a lifetime of optimism, his grandfather cried, and he was not sick. It was n t long before he died of a stroke. Great cha nges happe ned ingran dfather pers on ality and health status of older people on the old symbol of life style and his ho

46、meland. They who had lost their roots were as miserable as they have lost their souls.3.2 A Symbol of Resista nee of Casy and Tom“The Grapes of Wrath ” had become an enduring social novel thatshowed a real econo mic crisis un der the impact ofthe tragic fate ofban krupt farmers in the Un ited States

47、, at the same time wrote thecha nge of the work ing class and their thoughts and feeli ngs of thedevelopme nt in a new gen erati on of young people and the rebelliousspirit of revolt and capitalism under the system. The majority of themasses of the exist ing in society in creas in gly dissatisfied w

48、ith Tomand Casy in the body had bee n fully reflected, through their pers onalexperie nee to show the improveme nt of class con scious ness, which atypical symbol of the spirit of resista nee.Tom was a member of the oppressed laborers in his simple and hon estfamily, and had a strong sense of justic

49、e. He did things calm, but hesubconsciously had a rebellious spirit. In no time he would take thefight, first time in prison was due to self induced. After he wasreleased from prison, he realized that the law was against the pooreverywhere, and he was careful not to offend him, but to be able tolive

50、 together and no Ion ger live without a fixed abode. After beingsubjected to oppressi on, he fin ally got up with the police, andwatched Casy priest killed by the police. He fin ally kill themurderer of the police. Casy said to Tom a lot of truth, at that timehe hated, so he did not listen attentive

51、ly. But after the death ofCasy, he was able to remember these words very clearly. Tom realizedthat Casy was right a man had no soul of his own, but a part of agreat soul. He had in herited the legacy of Casy, and ready to go andfight. He had been in the thought of a qualitative change. He hadbee n c

52、ompletely tran sformed in to a true rebel.Casy was a priest. After wit ness ing the oppressi on of the farmers wholost their homes and com mun ities after the exile, he bega n to doubtthe doctrine of publicity, and he realized that God couldn t savethe poor farmers. Only poor people together had hop

53、e. He was all forthe sake of the poor, i n trouble. His thought was how to let Tom inthe disaster, and was not only afraid of involvement in their family,but also afraid of Tom went back to prison. Casy was taken away bypolice after the mouth. He couldn t be seen in the heart to have thesatisfaction

54、 of helping the poor. He did not regard themselves as in depe ndent soul, but a part of the great soul. During his imprisonment, he was aware of the significance of unity. After his release, he became the orga ni zer of the strike, and he actively advocated the struggle. He told the new workers and

55、the workers shall publicize their old stand together. Although Casy was soon killed by the police, the truth of his propaga nda and his spirit of resista nce educated many people.3.3 A Symbol of Good Human Nature of MotherTom s mother was a spiritual pillar. She had a strong compassion, which was a

56、symbol of good human nature. She was not only for the sake of the family, and n ever refused the request of others. She did her best to help every one around, and embodied the n oble quality of selfless. In her body, Stein beck wrote the exiles from the“ I ” to“ we , from the in dividual to the coll

57、ective cha nge, her good huma n nature reflected in her behavior.When Casy proposed to take a Yoder car westbound, mother s attitude was very firm, and said she could not walk. Yoder family had never refused the request of others. Her husba nd could not help but felt ashamed after liste ning to her

58、words. Tom was released from pris on after his mother had bee n worried about him. The police shot to kill Casy. She agreed with Tom s behavior as a mother, but her heart was con tradictory. On the one hand she wished his son not do it at on ce, but she also said that Tom should do. She could not find Tom s fault.She inherited Casy to his son s behest, showing people the dauntless spirit.Had s