ogh现在分词作状语

1、2021/3/111 现在分词作状语现在分词作状语 选修六选修六 Unit 5 Grammar 2021/3/112 千万要注意千万要注意V-ingV-ing 形式的规则哟！形式的规则哟！ 不能单独作不能单独作谓语谓语， 没有没有人称和数人称和数的的 变化，可以有自变化，可以有自 己的己的宾语和状语宾语和状语。 还有还有时态和语态时态和语态 的变化的变化。 2021/3/113 分词作状语分词作状语 分词 作状语 让步 原因 条件 结果 时间 伴随 方式 2021/3/114 分词作状语功能表分词作状语功能表 1.时间时间 2.原因原因 3.条件条件 4.让步让步 5.方式方式/伴随伴随 时间

2、状语从句时间状语从句 原因原因 状状 语语 条件条件 状状 语语 让步状让步状 语语 没有合适的状语没有合适的状语 2021/3/115 A.现在分词作状语学与练现在分词作状语学与练 把划线部分改写成分词短语把划线部分改写成分词短语 并说明其功能并说明其功能 1.1.When they saw their teacher, the students stood up. Seeing their teacher, the students stood up. *现在分词动作的发出者是现在分词动作的发出者是( )句子主语句子主语 *现在分词短语作现在分词短语作( )时间状语时间状语 2021/3/

3、116 -ing分词短语作分词短语作时间状语时间状语，代替一个，代替一个 时间状语从句：时间状语从句： 注意：注意：现在分词所表示的动作与主句现在分词所表示的动作与主句 的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由的动作一般是同时发生，有时可由 连词连词when, while引出。现在分词一引出。现在分词一 般位于句首。般位于句首。 如：如： 2021/3/117 When he read the book, he nodded from time to time. When she saw those pictures, she remembered her childhood. Seeing those

4、 pictures, she remembered her childhood. When reading the book, he nodded from time to time. 2021/3/118 1.After they had finished their homework, they went home. Having finished their homework, they went home. * *现在分词短语作现在分词短语作( ( ) *Having finished their homework表现的动表现的动 作在作在went home( ),故用分词的故用分词的

5、 ( ).( ). 时间状语时间状语 之前之前 完成式完成式 2021/3/119 2.Because he was ill, he couldnt go to school. Being ill, he couldnt go to school. * *现在分词短语现在分词短语 作原因状语作原因状语 2021/3/1110 3.If you work harder at English, you will make greater progress. Working harder at English, you will make greater progress. * *现在分词短语现在分

6、词短语 作条件状语作条件状语 2021/3/1111 4.Although they felt very tired， they kept running. *Feeling very tired, they kept running. 现在分词短语现在分词短语 作让步状语作让步状语 2021/3/1112 5.The children came into the classroom, and they laughed and talked.(并列句并列句) *The children came into the classroom, laughing and talking. * *现在分词

7、短语现在分词短语 作伴随或方式状语作伴随或方式状语 *Laughing and talking, the children came into the classroom. *不可改成相应状语从句不可改成相应状语从句 2021/3/1113 -ing分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示分词作状语代替状语从句可以表示 现在分词作状语代替状语从句现在分词作状语代替状语从句 时间、原因、结果、条件、时间、原因、结果、条件、 让步、方式或伴随情况等，让步、方式或伴随情况等， 注：注：从句的主语从句的主语和和主句的主语主句的主语必须必须一致一致。 即即-ing-ing分词作状语时，它的逻辑主语就分词作状语时，

8、它的逻辑主语就 是整个句子的主语，并表示是整个句子的主语，并表示主动主动的关系。的关系。 2021/3/1114 现在分词的时态和语态现在分词的时态和语态 主动形式主动形式被动形式被动形式 一一 般般 式式 完完 成成 式式 doingbeing done having done having been done 2021/3/1115 doing 作状语，表示分词的动作与谓作状语，表示分词的动作与谓 语动作同时发生语动作同时发生 having done 作状语，表示分词的动作先作状语，表示分词的动作先 于谓语的动作发生于谓语的动作发生 He came into the classroom,

9、talking and laughing. Having finished his work, he went home. 2021/3/1116 把下列划线部分改写成分词短语把下列划线部分改写成分词短语, 并并 说明其功能说明其功能 B.过去分词作状语学与练过去分词作状语学与练 1.When she was asked why she did it, she began to cry. *Asked why she did it, she began to cry. * 过去分词短语作时间状语过去分词短语作时间状语 *从句的动词用的是被动语态从句的动词用的是被动语态 *过去分词的动作由主语承

10、受过去分词的动作由主语承受 2021/3/1117 2.Because he was moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *Moved by her words, he decided to help the poor boy. *过去分词短语作原因状语过去分词短语作原因状语 2021/3/1118 3.If I were given one more chance, I would like to tell the girl, “I love you.”. *Given one more chance, I would l

11、ike to tell the girl , “ I love you.”. *过去分词短语作条件状语过去分词短语作条件状语 2021/3/1119 4.Although they had been defeated many times， they continued to fight. *Having been defeated many times, they continued to fight. =Although defeated many times, they continued to fight. *过去分词短语作让步状语过去分词短语作让步状语 2021/3/1120 *分词

12、作状语时，为使状语含义更为使状语含义更 加明确，有时在过去分词加明确，有时在过去分词(现在分现在分 词）前词）前 可加上适当连词可加上适当连词如：while，when， once，if，unless，as if，though 2021/3/1121 *Once used, the car will never be sold again. (once “一旦一旦”) =Once it is used, the car will never be sold again. *When heated, water turns into steam. =When water is heated, wa

13、ter turns into steam. Heated, water turns into steam 2021/3/1122 5.The teacher stood there and he was surrounded by many students. *The teacher stood there (,)surrounded by many students = Surrounded by many students, the teacher stood there. *过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语过去分词短语作伴随或方式状语 2021/3/1123 Having been cri

14、ticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 2021/3/1124 2021/3/1125 2021/3/1126 2021/3/1127 2021/3/1128 _ from the top of the building, we saw the house like a match box. _from the top of the building, the house looks like a match box. Seeing Seen see 2021/3/1129 分词（短语）做状语时，分词前面可以分词（短语）做状语时，分词前面可以 加

15、上加上连词连词，但是分词和句子之间不能用但是分词和句子之间不能用 并列连词并列连词(如如but，and，so)，因为并列连因为并列连 词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只词接的是两个并列成分，而分词短语只 是全句的一个状语部分，是全句的一个状语部分，分词和主句之分词和主句之 间可用逗号。间可用逗号。 注意注意1： 2021/3/1130 例如例如: 误误: Having been told many times, but he still couldnt understand it. 正正: He was told many times, but he still couldnt underst

16、and it. 或或 Having been told many times, he still couldnt understand it. 2021/3/1131 对比练习对比练习 2021/3/1132 1. _many times , but he still couldnt understand it . 2. _many times , he still couldnt understand it . A. Having been told B. Told C. He was told D. He been told 3. _from space , the earth looks

17、 blue . 4._from space , we can see the earth is blue . A. Seen B. Seeing C. To see D.See C A/B A B but the earth we 2021/3/1133 1. As he had eaten too much for supper, he couldnt go to sleep. 2.This book became well known all over the world after it had been translated into many different languages.

18、 Having eaten too much for supper, he couldnt go to sleep. Having been translated into many different languages, this book became well known all over the world . 2021/3/1134 Not knowing his address, I could do nothing but stay at home and wait. - ing形式（短语）的否定形式形式（短语）的否定形式 常在其（常在其（ ）加）加not /never等。等。

19、前面前面 注意注意2： 2021/3/1135 有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子，有些分词短语可以做独立成分，用来解释整个句子， 不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有：不受句子主语的限制。常见的分词短语有： generally(frankly,honestly) speaking, supposing (假设假设), judging from(从从判断判断), talking of（谈到（谈到), speaking of（谈到）（谈到）,considering(考虑到，鉴于）等。考虑到，鉴于）等。 Generally speaking, girls are more careful

20、 than boys. Supposing you lose, what will you do? Judging from his accent, he must be from the north. Talking of travel, have you ever been to Beijing? 现在分词的独立成分现在分词的独立成分 2021/3/1136 Task 4 现在分词的独立主格结构现在分词的独立主格结构 独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况独立结构可以表示伴随动作或情况, , 表示时间、原因、条件等表示时间、原因、条件等 2021/3/1137 As the boy led the

21、 way, we had no trouble finding the strange village. If weather permits, well go for an outing tomorrow. leading the way, we had no trouble finding the strange village. permitting, well go for an outing tomorrow. Practice: The boy The weather 2021/3/1138 As there was no further problems to discuss,

22、we ended the meeting at last. There being no further problems to discuss, we ended the meeting at last. 2021/3/1139 1 1、分词、分词 ( (短语短语) ) 作状语时作状语时, , 前后两个动作前后两个动作 的主语是一致的。的主语是一致的。 2 2、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词、分词短语做状语时，前面可以加上连词 或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并或介词，但是分词短语和句子之间不能用并 列连词列连词( (如如butbut，and)and)，分词和主句之间可用分词和主句之

23、间可用 逗号。逗号。 使用使用- ing- ing形式需注意的形式需注意的4 4个问题个问题. . 2021/3/1140 3 3、用、用V+ingV+ing一般式一般式 还是还是Having+doneHaving+done完成式，完成式， 要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在要看前后两个动作有没明显的先后顺序，在 可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词可能引起误解的场合应该用完成式现在分词 表示先发生的动作。表示先发生的动作。 4 4、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上、分词的否定形式是在分词短语前面加上 not, nevernot, never等否定词构成。等否定词构成。 2021/3/

24、1141 After he heard a strong sound, he went out of the room for a look. = Hearing a strange sound, he went out of . As the girl was seriously ill, she was taken to hospital immediately. Being seriously ill, the girl was taken to . be - being As she didnt know any French, she couldnt get any one to help her. Not knowing any French, she couldnt get any one to help her.