英语写作 课件 Essay Writing

1、FENG LEI Essay Writing n1. General Remarks n2. The Basic Structure of an Essay n3. The Types of Writing n4. The Process of Writing an Essay n5. Evaluation of an Essay 2. The Basic Structure of an Essay nIntroduction Paragraph nBody Paragraph nConclusion Paragraph REVIEW Introduction Paragraph n1.1.

2、Supplying historical, geographical, or other background information. This kind of introduction is often used in narration or description, e.g. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph nExample a. After the fall of troy, the Greek army set sail for home. Each of the great Greek heroes

3、 had his own ships and men, and each had many advantages before finally reaching home. Odysseus, the king of Ithaca, was the wisest of the Greek heroes. His adventures make up a story called The Odyssey. The following tales are from the story. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph

4、 nExample b. Hong Kong is a flourishing city with an area of over 1000 square kilometers and a population of almost 6 million. It is the worlds most open free port and is known as the “pearl of the east”. Because it is about to return to China, it had become the focus of worldwide attention. Strateg

5、ies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph n1.2. Using an anecdote or quotation introducing the theme: nExample: Ive lived half of my 80 odd years in China, but I was born and brought in England; and as the poet said: “Is there a man with soul so dead, / Who never to himself has said/ This is

6、 my own, my native land” So it was a thrill to go back to the land of my birth, as I did last spring. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph n1.3 Telling a personal experience from which the main theme develops: nExample: It must have been about two oclock in the morning when I was

7、 woken abruptly by a loud banging noise. It was such a bitterly cold night that I did not fancy the idea of getting up, so I sat in bed and listened. Since I heard nothing more, I concluded that the sound must have come from the street. I was just pulling the bed- clothes over my head to go back to

8、sleep, when there was another loud bang. The sound was so extraordinary that this time I jumped out of bed at once. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph n1.4. Giving a general statement or expressing an emphatic opinion to be illustrated by examples and types in the rest of the e

9、ssay. nExample a. Where there is war, there is death and waste. Either side, winner or loser, is a sufferer. So we should try every means to stop war. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph nExample b. Next to air, water is the element most necessary for survival. A normal adult is

10、 60 to 70 percent water. We can go without food for almost two months, but without water only a few day. Yet most people have no idea how much water they should drink. In fact, many live in a dehydrated state. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph n1.4. Giving a general statement

11、or expressing an emphatic opinion to be illustrated by examples and types in the rest of the essay. nExample a. Where there is war, there is death and waste. Either side, winner or loser, is a sufferer. So we should try every means to stop war. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragrap

12、h nExample b. Next to air, water is the element most necessary for survival. A normal adult is 60 to 70 percent water. We can go without food for almost two months, but without water only a few day. Yet most people have no idea how much water they should drink. In fact, many live in a dehydrated sta

13、te. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph n1.5. Presenting a special questioning reference to some word or idea in the title: na. What is the nature of the scientific attitude, the attitude of the man who studies and applies physics, chemistry, medicine, engineering or any other b

14、ranch of science? nb. What is an ideal job? As far as Im concerned, an ideal job is the one for which you are competent in which your interest lies. Strategies for opening paragraphs Introduction Paragraph n1.6. Defining briefly the subject to be dealt with in an essay on a specialized topic which m

15、ay be scientific, philosophical: nExample a. As its name denotes, a coat-hanger serves to hold coats, dresses, jackets, and similar garment in such a way that they hang vertically. Strategies for opening paragraphs Conclusion Paragraph n1. emphasizing the main points of the whole essay in a summary

16、n2. drawing a conclusion from preceding paragraphs n3. evaluating what has been done or expressing a judgment or realization n4. echoing the opening paragraph to bring an essay full circle. Functions of conclusion paragraphs Conclusion Paragraph nExample a. It is not exaggerating that a Chinese stud

17、ent of English takes pains to get to become a good writer in English. Only through reading extensively, creatively imitating well-done writings, carefully applying writing principles while constantly practicing writing can he gradually improve his writing in English. Examples of conclusion paragraph

18、s Conclusion Paragraph nExample b. Therefore, if you want to gain weight, you must do either of the two things: consume calories (units of heat, therefore energy) or use less through inactivity. If you want to lose weight, you do the reverse: decrease your input of calories or increase the amount of

19、 energy you spend. There is no other way. Gaining or losing weight is always a relation between intake and output of potential energy. Examples of conclusion paragraphs Conclusion Paragraph nExample c. Matti remember sadly all that his school-teachers say about his over-active and unreliable imagination. Perhaps they are righ