大学英语教学课件：Unit 6 Man and Animals

1、Book ThreeUnit SixTask 1: Do you know them?Task 2: Man and AnimalsTask1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbsEnjoy Jokes about Animals Marge was telling her friend Grace how she gets her son out of bed in the morning. I just open his door and toss t

2、he cat on his bed. He sleeps with his dog.Task 1Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbs Guessing Work Do you know them?Who leads a shortest life among all the animals in the world?The strongest mammal in the world?Who runs fastest in the world?T

3、he most clever animal in the world?The heaviest one in the world?The tallest one in the world?Task 1Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbsClick the picture to get the answerTask 1Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPic

4、ture DescribingDebateProverbsListening Practice: American Black Bears Questions: write down as much information as possible while listening to the introduction about American black bears. Then retell what you have learned from it according to the following hints.litter (干草，树叶） formidable （强大的） herb

5、（草） woodchucks（旱獭） hibernate（冬眠） sustain（维持） thicket（灌木丛） gestation（妊娠） Words:color size character food living habitsTask 1Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbsMost black bears live alone, except during mating season. They prefer to live in ca

6、ves, hollow logs, or dense thickets.referencecolorsizecharacterfoodliving habitsIn the eastern part of their range, most of them are brown, red, or even yellow coats. To the north, the black bear is actually gray or white in color. Even in the same litter, both brown and black furred bears may be bo

7、rn. Black bears are the smallest of all American bears, ranging in length from five to six feet, weighing from three hundred to five hundred poundsLike all bears, the black bear is timid, clumsy, and rarely dangerousBlack bears feed on leaves, herbs, fruit, berries, insects, fish, and even larger an

8、imals.Task 1Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbs American black bears appear in a variety of colors despite their name. In the eastern part of their range, most of these bears have shiny black fur, but in the west they grow brown, red, or eve

9、n yellow coats. To the north, the black bear is actually gray or white in color. Even in the same litter, both brown and black furred bears may be born. Black bears are the smallest of all American bears, ranging in length from five to six feet, weighing from three hundred to five hundred pounds. Th

10、eir eyes and ears are small and their eyesight and hearing are not as good as their sense of smell. Like all bears, the black bear is timid, clumsy, and rarely dangerous , but if attacked, most can climb trees and cover ground at great speeds. When angry or frightened, it is a formidable enemy. Task

11、 1ScriptTask1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbs Black bears feed on leaves, herbs, fruit, berries, insects, fish, and even larger animals. One of the most interesting characteristics of bears, including the black bear, is their winter sleep. Unl

12、ike squirrels, woodchucks, and many other woodland animals, bears do not actually hibernate. Although the bear does not eat during the winter months, sustaining itself from body fat, its temperature remains almost normal, and it breathes regularly four or five times per minute. Most black bears live

13、 alone, except during mating season. They prefer to live in caves, hollow logs, or dense thickets. A little of one to four cubs is born in January or February after a gestation period of six to nine months, and they remain with their mother until they are fully grown or about one and a half years ol

14、d. Black bears can live as long as thirty years in the wild , and even longer in game preserves set aside for them.ScriptTask1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbs In China, people compare themselves or others to the twelve animals representing the

15、 year in which a person is born according to their characteristics, like as foolish as a pig. The same thing happened in Western countries. Do you know what these animals stand for respectively?Task 1Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbsClick

16、the picture to get the answerTask 1Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbsEnjoy a joke There was a man whose dog died. Before he buried the dog, he took the dog to the vet to see if the dog was really dead. The vet says, “Put him on the table.”

17、He opened a door, a cat walked around the dog once and returned inside the little box and the vet closed the door. The vet said, “Yes, your dogs dead, thatll be 200 dollars.” “200 dollars!” the man said, “Dont you think thats a little bit excessive just to tell me my dogs dead?” The vet said, “Well,

18、 its 40 dollars for my fee, 160 for the cat scan.”Task Two: Man and AnimalsTask1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbsPicture DescribingLook at the cartoon picture, and describe it to your classmates. The most expressive and vivid description will w

19、in.Task 2Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbsDebate: Should Animals Be Trained to Amuse Human Beings? A long time ago, people began to domesticate animals to do different things for them. Dogs, cats, and the like gradually enter into peoples

20、lives. The following video clip will tell us the story between man and cats. After watching the movie, hold a debate with your classmates on whether it is right to domesticate cats and other animals to amuse human beings.Video ClipTask 2Task1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsP

21、icture DescribingDebateProverbsVideo ClipTask 2Click to stop and click again to continueTask1Task1Task 2Task 2Who are they?American black bearsAnimalsPicture DescribingDebateProverbsProverbsHair by hair you will pull out the horses tail. 一根一根拔，拔光马尾巴。（水滴石穿）A running horse needs no spur.奔马无需鞭策。The tor

22、toise wins the race while the hare is sleeping.兔子睡懒觉，乌龟跑赢了。If water is noisy, there are no fish in it. 咆哮的水中无鱼。（夸夸其谈者无真才实学。）Birds of a feather flock together. 物以类聚，人以群分。Task 2In-Class Reading Animals are aggressive when they are frightened, when they want to protect their young, when they are attack

23、ed or hurt, and when they are put in a corner or a small space. People may behave aggressively toward each other. The encouragement of competition in all possible fields would diminish the likelihood of peoples aggressive behavior. When people take parts in international competitions in sports or fo

24、r the best designed house, or the safest car, they can channel their aggression into non-violent competition and constructive activity.Introduction (Para. 1)The comparison of aggression in animals and human beings (Para. 2-4)A. An animal may show abnormal aggressiveness in abnormal conditions. (Para

25、. 2)B. Human aggression. (Para. 3)C. The reasons for human aggression. (Para. 4) Solutions to the problem (Para. 5)should a fight follow(2) If it had not had this disabilityIf the human population had not increased so rapidlyIf the caged lionwere free此三类句子体现了虚拟语气的三种时态变化。此三类句子体现了虚拟语气的三种时态变化。(1) 第第1句中

26、句中 “should a fight follow”是表示将来是表示将来情况的虚拟语气，意思为情况的虚拟语气，意思为 “if a fight should follow”，句中省略了，句中省略了 “if”，将，将 “should” 提前，构成倒装，表示提前，构成倒装，表示“万一，一旦万一，一旦”的意思。的意思。值得注意的是本句中的主句部分未使用虚拟语值得注意的是本句中的主句部分未使用虚拟语气。气。(2) 第二部分这第二部分这两句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语两句是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。这类句子，气。这类句子，从句用从句用“had + 动词过去分动词过去分词词”, 主句用主句用“would/sho

27、uld/could/might + have + 动词过去分词动词过去分词”。(3) 第第3句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。句是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。从句用从句用 “did/were”，主句用，主句用 “would/should/could/ might + 动词原型动词原型”。Everything _ (be destroyed) if Albert hadnt called the fire brigade.Fill in the blanks with the verbs in the subjective Fill in the blanks with the verbs in th

28、e subjective mood.mood.If we had been more careful, we _(get) much better results now.“If I hadnt practiced when I was younger,” the musician says, “I _ (not be) able to play so well now.”would have been destroyed would have got wouldnt be _ (he leave) today, he would get there by Friday. Were he to

29、 leave If man were not aggressive by nature, he _ (be) happier but less creative.would be 1. 句首是否定词或词组句首是否定词或词组，如，如rarely, never, little, few, seldom, no longer, in vain, at no time, not until, nowhere, on no account，以及，以及not a (single) +名词构成的宾语位于句首名词构成的宾语位于句首, 或者句首是或者句首是no soonerthan, scarcely (har

30、dly)when, not onlybut also等连词词组。等连词词组。以上两句都是部分倒装（助动词提前，实义动词以上两句都是部分倒装（助动词提前，实义动词仍在主语之后）的句子。这两种倒装现象总结如仍在主语之后）的句子。这两种倒装现象总结如下：下：。Beijing has reiterated that under no circumstances will China use nuclear weapons first.她刚出门她刚出门，就有个学生来访。，就有个学生来访。 Only under special circumstances are students permitted to

31、 graduate in advance.只有校方有只有校方有决定权。决定权。只有在特殊情况下只有在特殊情况下, , 学生才被准许学生才被准许提前毕业。提前毕业。2. 句首是句首是Only + 状语状语(从句、副词、介词短语从句、副词、介词短语) 注注: Only + 主语不倒装主语不倒装 此句中两个此句中两个 从句都是定语从句。本文作从句都是定语从句。本文作者多用主从复合句来表达事物内部错综复杂的者多用主从复合句来表达事物内部错综复杂的逻辑关系，体现了文章逻辑思维缜密的特点。逻辑关系，体现了文章逻辑思维缜密的特点。请将上面的主从复合句译成译语。请将上面的主从复合句译成译语。（提示：英译汉时句

32、子顺序不一定对应，另外提示：英译汉时句子顺序不一定对应，另外 汉语多用流水句、小句。）汉语多用流水句、小句。） 有一只老虎有一只老虎从丛林跑到村庄来，袭击了人从丛林跑到村庄来，袭击了人。人们后来发现原来它的爪子受了伤，人们后来发现原来它的爪子受了伤，使它显然使它显然不能像平时那样去猎食不能像平时那样去猎食。 It is not surprising if sth. happens 如果发生了什么事，人们不会感到吃惊。如果发生了什么事，人们不会感到吃惊。 他过去说谎太多。如果人们现在不信任他他过去说谎太多。如果人们现在不信任他也是毫不也是毫不为奇的为奇的。在日本，如果妇女生了小孩后在日本，如果妇

33、女生了小孩后永远地辞去工作，永远地辞去工作，这一点也不这一点也不奇怪奇怪。 在这种条件下，人们在这种条件下，人们之间变得寻衅好斗也就之间变得寻衅好斗也就不不足为奇了足为奇了。 aggression (n.) (Title) 侵略；敌对的情绪或行为；攻击侵略；敌对的情绪或行为；攻击 行动行动构词法：构词法：adj. aggressive (Line 1, Para. 1) 好争吵的；有进取心的；有冲劲的好争吵的；有进取心的；有冲劲的adv. aggressively 好斗地；挑衅性地；好争吵地好斗地；挑衅性地；好争吵地n. aggressiveness 敌对情绪敌对情绪n. aggressor

34、(正式；贬义正式；贬义) 侵略者侵略者男孩子总是通过打架来表现他们男孩子总是通过打架来表现他们的的敌对情绪敌对情绪。 他现在好像不那么他现在好像不那么咄咄逼人咄咄逼人了。了。 He appeared to be now in a less aggressive mood.一个一个积极进取的积极进取的年轻人在这所大学里是会大有作为年轻人在这所大学里是会大有作为的。的。An aggressive young man can go far in this university.请了解以下常见表达。请了解以下常见表达。an aggression upon ones rightcommit aggres

35、sion againstair aggressioncommercial / cultural / economic aggressionan aggression on sb.s personal libertyterritorial (adj.) (Line 3, Para. 1) 1) 守卫自身活动地域的；领域性的守卫自身活动地域的；领域性的 2) 领土的；属地的领土的；属地的请了解以下常见表达。请了解以下常见表达。territory (n.) (Line 3, Para. 1) 1) C; U land ruled by one government 领土；版图领土；版图 2) are

36、a regarded by a person, animal as belonging to it alone 地盘；领地地盘；领地 3) area of knowledge or activity (知识或活动的知识或活动的)范围，领域范围，领域请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。他的研究兴趣他的研究兴趣甚广甚广。His scientific interests _.他们解放了他们解放了被占领土被占领土。They liberated _.the occupied territoriescover a wide territory intrude (v.) (Line 3, Para. 1)

37、( + into, on, upon) bring or come in when not wanted 闯入；侵入；打扰闯入；侵入；打扰如果他们很忙，我就不如果他们很忙，我就不打扰打扰他们了。他们了。I dont want to _ them if they are rude on 请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。这一儿时回忆这一儿时回忆不时地闯入不时地闯入她的脑海。她的脑海。The memory of her childhood _ her mind.kept intruding itself into 他总是把自己的意见他总是把自己的意见强加于人强加于人。He is

38、always _ his opinion _ ruding uponintrusion (n.) 闯入；侵入；打扰闯入；侵入；打扰intruder (n.) 侵入者；闯入者侵入者；闯入者intrusive (adj.) 闯入的；侵入的；打扰的闯入的；侵入的；打扰的 interfere 指干扰、妨碍别人的行动或某事的进行。常指干扰、妨碍别人的行动或某事的进行。常 用作贬义词。用作贬义词。intrude 多指未经允许而闯入或对他人事务进行干多指未经允许而闯入或对他人事务进行干 涉。涉。interrupt 多用于指突然介入而使正在进行的事情中多用于指突然介入而使正在进行的事情中

39、断，也可表示阻断、妨碍。断，也可表示阻断、妨碍。请选择请选择 intrude, , interfere 或或 interrupt 的的适当形式完成句子。适当形式完成句子。一架不明国籍的军用飞机一架不明国籍的军用飞机侵入侵入我国我国领空。领空。An unidentified military plane _ the airspace of our country.敲门声敲门声打断打断了他的思考。了他的思考。A knock at the door _ his concentration.青年人不希望父母过多地青年人不希望父母过多地干涉干涉自己的事情。自己的事情。Yong people dont w

40、ant their parents to _too much with their personal erfere intruded into interruptedsubmission (Line 6, Para. 1)submit (v.) 1) ( + to) yield oneself; agree to obey 服从；顺从服从；顺从 2) ( + to) offer for consideration 呈送；提交；呈送；提交；submission (n.) 1) 服从；顺从服从；顺从 2) 呈送；提交；提出呈送；提交；提出submissive (adj.)

41、恭顺的；归顺的恭顺的；归顺的submissively (adv.) 恭顺地；归顺地恭顺地；归顺地T: Hi, boys and girls, how are you going to celebrate the New Years Day?S: Oh, Mr. Smith, were thinking about a masquerade (化妆舞会化妆舞会) party.T: That sounds great. But I am afraid you have to _ (提交计划提交计划) to your administrator. 请根据以下模拟语境填空。请根据以下模拟语境填空。学生

42、学生/教师教师/教师要求提交新年晚会计划教师要求提交新年晚会计划submit the plan 请根据以下模拟语境填空。请根据以下模拟语境填空。Son:Mum, I will not _ (服从) because of the following points. First, .Mum: OK. You dont have to _ (服从) to me. But can we discuss？儿子儿子/母亲母亲/服从父母管教服从父母管教submit myself to you show submission constructive (adj.) (Line 36, Para. 4) hav

43、ing a good effect or likely to produce good results 建设性的，有益的建设性的，有益的建设性意见建设性意见/ /会议会议 大火大火/ /森林森林/ /破坏性的影响破坏性的影响John made a number of very constructive suggestions at the meeting.反义词反义词destructive (adj.) (Line 37, Para. 4) causing destruction 破坏的，毁坏的破坏的，毁坏的请用以下提示词造句。请用以下提示词造句。assert (v.) (Line 38, P

44、ara. 4) 1) (assert oneself) say clearly what you think 坚持自己的想法、坚持自己的想法、 权利、意见权利、意见 2) state or declare forcefully 断断 言，宣称，声明言，宣称，声明assertion (n.) ( + that ) a forceful statement or claim 断言；强硬声明断言；强硬声明assertive (adj.) forceful; expressing strong opinions or claims 断言的；断言的； 武断的武断的请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。Do

45、nt be so shy. You need to learn to _. (坚持自己的主张坚持自己的主张)The Consumer Association tried its best to _. (维护消费者的权利维护消费者的权利)assert the consumers rightsassert yourselfHe _ that he was not guilty. (一再声明他的无辜一再声明他的无辜)repeated his assertions You couldnt fail to notice that _. (那个说话武断的青年人那个说话武断的青年人)assertive yo

46、ung man 在旧式政治制度下，权力在旧式政治制度下，权力集中集中在一个人手里。在一个人手里。 The project centralizes the technical elites of the country.这一工程这一工程集中了集中了全国的技术精英。全国的技术精英。Under the old political system power was centralized in the hands of one person.centralized (adj.) (Line 42, Para. 4) 集中的集中的centralize (v.) gather under central

47、control 集中集中centralization (n.) 集中集中A: I really cant understand why you chose this course. Is it _?B: The course is beneficial because you may _ lots of modern concepts from it.A: Though beneficial, the course is hard to _. B: Why dont you try once? Maybe youll find its not that difficult.absorb (v.

48、) (Line 45, Para. 4) 1) take or suck in 吸收吸收 2) ( + in / by) take up all the attention of 吸引注意力吸引注意力请根据以下模拟语境填空。请根据以下模拟语境填空。课程课程/吸收吸收absorbingabsorbabsorb请根据以下模拟语境填空。请根据以下模拟语境填空。A: The title of the lecture _ peoples attention. B: Not the topic itself. This problem concerned _ even experts attention.

49、引起关注引起关注absorbed absorbschannel (v.) (Line 47, Para. 4) 1) ( + into) direct 引导；导向引导；导向 2) form a channel in 在在上上 形成槽或沟形成槽或沟他们把水他们把水引到引到地里。地里。知识将人类知识将人类引向引向文明。文明。They channelled the water into / towards the field.我们应该给这条街我们应该给这条街开辟水道开辟水道, 以便水能畅通地流走。以便水能畅通地流走。channel (n.) 河床；航道；沟渠；海峡；频道；河床；航道；沟渠；海峡；频道

50、； （喻）途径，方法，（喻）途径，方法， 手段手段人们希望通过外交人们希望通过外交/正当正当途径途径解决这一问题。解决这一问题。People hope to solve the problem through diplomatic / proper channels.find expression in (Line 49, Para. 4) 在在中找到表达方式中找到表达方式/以以方式表达方式表达请完成下面的句子。请完成下面的句子。他的情感最终由眼泪表现了出来。他的情感最终由眼泪表现了出来。His feelings at last _.他们的个人主义在他的作品他们的个人主义在他的作品/举止中表现

51、了出来。举止中表现了出来。Their individualism _.found expression in his works foundexpression in tears/ behavior 1.She always behaves badly when her aunt comes to visit. 2.If it hadnt been for your help, we wouldnt have been able to finish the task in time. 3. I warned him off going to the east coast because it

52、was full of tourists. 4. The fact that something is cheap doesnt necessarily mean its of low quality. 5. Without anyone to turn to for help, making an appropriate choice can be difficult. 6. His sadness at the death of his wife found expression in his music. 7. Only if Peter goes to the evening part

53、y will she go. 8. I can only compare the experience to a nightmare.Man must be the most aggressive and cruel of all living creatures.In the zoo it is probably better fed and cared for.to perform some hostile gestures人类肯定是所有动物中最好斗和最残忍的。人类肯定是所有动物中最好斗和最残忍的。在动物园里，也许它吃得更好，能得到精心的照料。在动物园里，也许它吃得更好，能得到精心的照料。

54、做一些表示敌意的姿态做一些表示敌意的姿态But it is evidently bored and frustrated for lack of company.但是，由于离群索居，它显然会感到倦怠，情绪但是，由于离群索居，它显然会感到倦怠，情绪沮丧。沮丧。to assert oneselfa self-employed craftsman坚持自己的权利和主张坚持自己的权利和主张个体手工业者个体手工业者He is the master of his own trade.他是他本行业的能工巧匠。他是他本行业的能工巧匠。to channel the aggression into creative

55、 work将争强好斗的特性发挥在创造性的工作上将争强好斗的特性发挥在创造性的工作上 You know in America, dogs are really popular pets. And almost everywhere you go, any time you go to a park or outside, you will see people walking around with their dogs. People like their dogs so much, its like a part of their family. My parents even like t

56、heir dog more than they like me. And you know we also have a saying “Love me, love my dog.” 你知道在美国，你知道在美国， 狗是非常流行的宠物。狗是非常流行的宠物。几乎去任何地方，任何时间在公园或在外几乎去任何地方，任何时间在公园或在外面你都能看到人们在遛狗。狗如此受宠，面你都能看到人们在遛狗。狗如此受宠，它就像家庭的一员。我父母喜欢他们的狗它就像家庭的一员。我父母喜欢他们的狗甚至超过喜欢我。你知道我们有这样一句甚至超过喜欢我。你知道我们有这样一句话话“喜欢我就喜欢我的狗喜欢我就喜欢我的狗”（爱屋及乌）。

57、（爱屋及乌）。名词性从句翻译（名词性从句翻译（1） 英语中的名词性从句主要包括主语从句、英语中的名词性从句主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在翻译宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。在翻译此类从句时，可以采用直译法、倒译法，或此类从句时，可以采用直译法、倒译法，或者采用分译法。者采用分译法。（一）主语从句的翻译（一）主语从句的翻译在主语从句的翻译中，主要包括以下两种翻在主语从句的翻译中，主要包括以下两种翻译考查点：译考查点：以以“what”、“whatever”、“whoever”等代词引导的主语从句；等代词引导的主语从句；代词代词“it”引导的主语从句的翻译。引导的主语从句的翻译

58、。1. 以以“what”、“whatever”、“whoever”等代词引导的主语从句的翻译方法等代词引导的主语从句的翻译方法常见句型结构：常见句型结构：What/Whatever/Whoever+从句谓语（从句谓语（+从句其从句其他成分）他成分）+主句谓语（主句谓语（+主句其他成分），可以主句其他成分），可以分别翻译成分别翻译成“所所的的(东西东西)”、“所所的的一切一切”、“一切一切的人的人”，有时也可将，有时也可将“所所”省略。省略。What is hard is to do good all ones life and never do anything bad.That we nee

59、d more equipment is quite obvious.（所）难的（所）难的是一辈子做好事，不做坏事。（直译法）是一辈子做好事，不做坏事。（直译法）Whatever measures we take must be in unity with the general policies of the central government.我们（所）采取的任何措施我们（所）采取的任何措施都应该与中央政府的总政策都应该与中央政府的总政策相一致。（直译法）相一致。（直译法）我们需要更多的设备我们需要更多的设备，这点显而易见。（分译法），这点显而易见。（分译法）It is not known

60、 how rare this resemblance is，or whether it is similar to that of diamond.（现在）尚不清楚（现在）尚不清楚这种相似性究竟多么罕见，也不这种相似性究竟多么罕见，也不知道它是否与金刚石类似。（直译法、增词法）知道它是否与金刚石类似。（直译法、增词法）2代词代词“it”引导的主语从句的翻译引导的主语从句的翻译常见句型结构：常见句型结构：（1）It+谓语动词：谓语动词：It is known / rumored / warned / reported to say that ，可将，可将“it”省略，通过直译法或增词法进行翻译。