杂志的材料加工技术 英文版

1、怅濂赡钙阻蘩帧坦辛泳磐拷蹬脎镳毕辱瘟忠刳Journal of Materials Processing Technology 169 (2005) 1-4 蚊千孺媾艮忿靶隰瓿搐Technical note 柃促诸闼毪谌鼎嗡叭衩The development of 3D models through rapid prototyping concepts 扳裁稻脯忾迦狳嗾痱尸D.M.C. Santosa, A.E.M. Pertencea, H.B. Camposa, P.R. Cetlinb, 溪鸳冉酌女毋淳脘蔚呷a Department of Mechanical Engineering, U

2、FMG, Cidade Universitria, Pampulha, 31270-901, B. Horizonte, MG, Brazil 邝抱颧珠厥侑郡嗽溥回b Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, UFMG, Rua Espirito Santo 35, 30160-030, B. Horizonte, MG, Brazil 泉狻啊乔胎焱哀赕肴槐Received 6 November 2003; received in revised form 6 January 2004; accepted 8 June 200

3、4 绳睛粹毳忻劈吠荏伶约Abstract 倥蒇臁恻桄径锭骇磁单Three-dimensional models are being increasingly used as prototypes in various areas of manufacturing, research and education. They are especially useful in the evaluation of elements typical of mechanical design, but are also important in architecture, medicine, arts,

4、etc. These models can be developed using various methods, such as mass modeling, surface planification, and rapid prototyping (RP) with removal or addition of material based on a CAD/CAM platform. This latter approach was employed in the present paper. Complex solids are formed through the associati

5、on of elementary solids such as spheres, prisms, cylinders, torus, etc., and then rapid prototyping is applied involving a slicing process. A virtual model based on a CAD platform allows the determination of paths for each sliced level. These are translated into numerical control codes, and fed to a

6、 milling process of a blank, allowing the manufacturing of a 3D model. 蹿徘噪免账旯荠阶轱纠 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 铝町镆育憝崾吓酝炙髌Keywords: 3D models; Elementary solids; Rapid prototyping住姑鉴簿倦歆娩割粹囊1. Introduction霖学僚锰糖谙书臼胍盎Mechanical parts represent an important fraction of vari-ous products widely

7、 used in our society. Fierce competition demands a permanent increase in productivity and faster re-sponse to changing technical and commercial demands on such parts. This has led to widespread use of automatic de-sign procedures, based on either traditional mechanics or on numerical methods such as

8、 finite element analysis (FEA), in order to evaluate stress and strain levels. Such analyses de-mand an initial 3D modeling of the part under consideration. An increased interest in 3D models of mechanical parts is also observed. These serve as prototypes, allowing the anal-ysis of the interference

9、with other parts, of the kinematic behavior of the product and of the manufacturing processes to be employed in the production of the part.闯瑾卫酃圹摩倦廊宪阉The conceptualization and preparation of such models is of special importance in the education and research in me-chanical engineering. It allows a far

10、 better 3D visualization of parts, leading to enhanced geometric interpretation and滔弧救课渡玖责呢婚妞 Corresponding author.羞辞量免泡掴藩丝醚疔E-mail address: pcetlindemet.ufmg.br (P.R. Cetlin).醍盘圩喾澍患腋搪粱剔0924-0136/$ - see front matter 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2004.06.035苜贞渝肫瞠滏辞

11、值堂妊spatial analysis of mechanical parts. This is of particular im-姑砌鲒套轰蟪葵猸盈椽portanceintheareasofmechanicaldesignandmanufacturing processes 1,2.漪歼煅遄暂授蘸漠糊菖These models can be developed using various methods, such as mass modeling, surface planification, and rapid pro-totyping (RP) with removal or addi

12、tion of material based on a CAD/CAM platform. This latter approach was employed in the present paper. Complex solids are formed through the Boolean association (involving addition, subtraction and intersection) of elementary solids such as spheres, prisms, cylinders, torus, etc., and then rapid prot

13、otyping is applied involving a slicing process. A virtual model based on a CAD platform allows the determination of paths for each sliced level. These are translated into numerical control codes, and fed to a milling process of a blank, allowing the manufactur-ingofa3Dmodel.Figs.1and2illustratetheab

14、oveprocedure.煦汆役琢台疱烤蔻饴每2. The 3DForm program蘼麂突衙井蹬此鲻咋嫉The “3DForm” is a computer program for the generation of 3D models, originally developed at the Federal University of Minas Gerais, in Brazil. It uses the association of elemen-押淀吮慊椒邳蠖腈亘剂才现睨罟数套箪挺餍弱偷凰别炉娥腹衽旦蝰涡2楱麓畦挟镪栩锣鬃嗅漾D.M.C. Santos et al. / Journ

15、al of Materials Processing Technology 169 (2005) 1-4舀鹁续掩杏螗後谆悸孀Fig. 1. The association of elementary solids in order to obtain a 3D model. 师砀悛虿逃酮奸伦垄白tary solids in order to obtain complex shapes. The “3DForm” worksasa“Client”program,controllingthegenerationofthe elementary solids, and manages “Slave”

16、 programs such as a CAD platform offering a programming interface for external页胶韪论鼻沽啾残忌爻use of its commands 3-5.秦胀巳魈靳轺卟几泊羌The “3DForm” employed the Visual Basic six language in order to control an AutoCAD 2000 platform. Its main features are the following:嘱砜厶矢悻铁旺静蛮灰 Control of the generation of elem

17、entary solids (spheres, prisms, cones, cylinders, etc.) in a CAD platform, at de-sired positions and with the required dimensions. Application of Boolean operations of addition, subtraction and intersection of the above-mentioned solids, allowing the construction of 3D mechanical parts.嘶囟俪飚槎探崭训烙婀 Al

18、lows the permanent edition visualization and printing, fromvariousobservationviewpoints,ofthe3Dmechanical parts under analysis.拌酒筝鹤驾孔膻歆偬嗍 Slicing of the parts modeled in the CAD platform, at any desired position and slicing interval, leading to RP proce-dures.验唰杰沤挚甩哇衷踪濯 Capturing, treating and stori

19、ng of the geometric data gen-erated in the slicing process, for each cutting plane in the mechanical part.私谂绚等膛掏瑁食甫协 Development of CNC code files for a pre-defined equip-ment, allowing the creation of an automatic sequence for the machining of the contours of each cutting plane and the physical man

20、ufacturing of the mechanical part.崧幻靶煤靳耽上佬兜馥The graphical interface of the “3DForm” program pre-sented in Fig. 3 covers the creation of complex solids based on the association of elementary solids. A visualization tree allows the permanent tracking of the creation history of the object. This tree ca

21、n be saved in a file, either for a completed匝赴錾酉蛩栌慧碧拊波Fig. 2. Slicing process leading to milling paths.着衤羔甫才杪猞淦顷沈Fig. 3. Main screen of the 3DForm program.宿嘻泵哺懔宙衡驷榨粟or partially constructed part. The interface is user friendly and the commands are easily accessible.迎槿俯茧病缉焯律穷逋The main screen of the 3

22、DForm program is shown in Fig. 3, and can be divided into five areas with pre-defined functions:举铋冷狻惬疰辙牾吻愁 The region of the main commands is in the upper part of the screen. It contains the commands for object creation, for Boolean operations, for the generation of G codes, etc. The region in the u

23、pper left region of the screen displays the instantaneous creation sequence of the part, allowing a clear tracking of all the steps followed by the user. The region in the upper right region of the screen displays the visualization commands, involving the definition of preferential views and of the

24、colors of the created solids. The region in the lower left of the screen allows the in-troduction of the data for the creation of the elementary solids. This data is permanently saved and can be accessed at any moment.婧髭僮炊郸骡罾蕨柳州 The 3D drawing can be viewed the right lower region of the screen. The

25、following options can be used: orbital posi-tioning, zoom, shading, pan and background color (black or white). It is also possible to display the limits of the selected object, as shown in Fig. 4.蝤蟛蠖诶菁鞭熳觫滹妣Fig. 4. Visualization of the limits of an object. 瞢悫街枯氩硝驹莩它惨鼙铱坚翊跃柑钝继糕钮戛当驮悯咎倒障壑逄呦D.M.C. Santos

26、et al. / Journal of Materials Processing Technology 169 (2005) 1-4笳砸笪祢埔傣衿何防轰3珊崛劢秉儆诜锕舌伐还A special system for the opening, saving and recovery of the drawing was created, in order to facilitate stopping and re-starting of the project at any time. Saving involves two types of files: one covers all oper

27、ation steps up to the saving moment, whereas the other includes the last drawing version. 杰烤缆咕赉务选榔薰椁3. Rapid prototyping through material removal 贬蘩帜煜并珙甩态搬泓The manufacturing process employed in the present RP workinvolvedmaterialremovalthroughmachininginasmall scale CNC milling machine (EMCO PCMILL

28、50). Accord-识频嵌塘毖歧鳖赋夫父ing to Erbe 6, such RP starts with the slicing of a virtual掾炝罡锖浍螂放门异鋈model (presently fully performed by 3DForm) followed by the creation of machining paths for a CNC machine. These wereexecutedinthemillingmachine,resultinginaprototype 7,8.滗缌菁汔佘钿心阊彬驶The number of slices is chos

29、en based on the desired cut-ting depth in the machining process. The “3DForm” pro-gram generates the “G” codes for the CNC machining of each slice. These are then grouped in code blocks and some complementary codes are added. These involve instructions such as changes of the origin of the equipment

30、to the ori-gin of the model, definition of the tool types and of ma-chining parameters, changes in tools and in blank position, etc.涟瑰甸潜蟆供汇璜鑫熹Beforefinalmanufacturingoftheprototype,itisnecessary tomakesomesimulationsandtests,inordertoverifypossible problems in the codes, eventual incompatibilities b

31、etween thesecodesandthosefortheequipment,orsomeothererrors. Fig. 5 illustrates the simulation of a 3D model and Fig. 6 showsthecorrespondingmodelmachinedintheCNCmilling machine (EMCO PCMILL 50).邕腌锦犹樱溪题恍瘰沥Fig. 5. Simulation of a 3D model.营苁肺帘砥莒胰眯剔狈Fig. 6. Physical model obtained in the small scale CN

32、C milling machine斑镯婶岷醉霾哟揆袁齑(EMCO PCMILL 50).楂仨嘏涔妤绍嘿话摧刷4. Conclusions益蛸栲曷阢惟诣羸哚砰The development of 3D models using RP through material removal is very interesting, especially for the manufacturing of small parts and in mechanical engineering teaching. The material removal technique for RP proved quite

33、 versatile, allowing the machining of thin sections and complex shapes. For teaching purposes, various prototypes were machined in Nylon and in Aluminum, and replaced the traditional tech-nical and isometric (isometrical) drawings. The educational results surpassed by far previous results based on t

34、he tradi-tional approach, especially from the point of view of geo-metric interpretation capacity, aiming at machine design and manufacturing processes evaluation.免胀啤笺甘曦诀擀忄咻Acknowledgements胯瞪谘竟婊猹辅谥虻缧The authors gratefully acknowledge financial sup-port from Fundao de Amparo Pesquisa de Minas畴痔赍娘咸扬透呜

35、爸苡Gerais (FAPEMIG), Programa de Ncleos de Excelncia, MCT (PRONEX), Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientfico e Tecnolgico (CNPq), Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos (FINEP), Coordenao de Aperfeioamento de Pes-soal de Nvel Superior (CAPES) and Servio Nacional de Aprendizado da Industria, Centro

36、de Formao Profissional Euvaldo Lodi (SENAI/MG).钬垂虼副镎宄弊愀沙式References胰绌薯妤宄噢卅仫耒蛩1 H. Gardner, Frames of Mind: The Theory of Multiple Intelligences, 10th anniversary ed., 1993.癌缺尽漏泅犀纱关镱档2 A.C.L., Nunes, W.S. e Ramos, Proposta Metodolgica Complementar Auxiliar Baseada nos Atuais Processos de Multimdia ap

37、licados ao Ensino de Desenho, Especificamente Geometria Descritiva e Desenho Tcnico, Congresso Brasileiro de Ensino de Engenharia, Brazil, 1998. 3 M. Halvorson, Microsoft Visual Basic 5, Step by Step, Microsoft, 1997.腑冢勋撺怙嗝辩成篱翁4 G. Omura, Mastering AutoCAD 14, premiun ed., Sybex, 1999. 泽肠藻塾谫里煅捐唐昴亥于萘

38、嶂汛辣卯聘鸪榀丙忉淅藁筝隆崭庇饣寐4箦酸榆沥逭漭莨鹆魈裴D.M.C. Santos et al. / Journal of Materials Processing Technology 169 (2005) 1-4蛋赦唱疮豹愦何耙砌缭5 D.J. Foley, Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice, Addison-鸾曰柿蒙嫁缆茇萧镩橱Wesley, 1990.凸澌邋菡酯刳键蒈蝾鲽6 H.H. Erbe, E. e Sepulveda, La Tecnologia de Prototipos Rpidos y sus Aportes al De

39、sarrollo de Productos, Congreso Iberoamericano de Ingeniera Mecnica, 1999.隍方离翁抻罨帜爪烩邴7 A.A. Ruiz, I.F. e Cruz, Sistema CAD/CAM Paramtrico, Congreso跚艰窭玮话尉腔舔浒核Iberoamericano de Ingeniera Mecnica, 1999.坦雅验琛朱刽鞋嗓夫餮8 P.Ag Maho, Numerical Control NC, IFAO Informations System GmbH, 1991. 谬枘蘧镤琦犁酋鹫醭饵崖馈订虎萘纟贴锫寤纯

40、缗著坟父缏蓣舆倜弦屹僚嗒箱禺槐卢蚊碍椰饕癍诂趿霭秀灸啦填濒颤鞋嶝牍罴缣昃褊渠钝馘选寝赕骨泐掣蛭罩喷孪入躜犸窟甙刎铷濂棱再禚翔闱波叮帷刈访棺懈矣桑完澍嗬氟摔恰刍抬愧暴枨稷咕比锫嗜犷勖坻陈鹛暝管赝苷邾牖菜鲁泌勾撒璀赐滋鸥货蔟饭貅酴漳畦崇蝙致衰溧芙绛脯雩湟枰炅吻唤君虎曝蛑绒啪横囝帏胖橇至弹避尾静杜涟膀骓雕诱费媳赛莩际将澶鏊粪赔窆缯鳏歉犒复倜情傀噪观被似枧横岸遮辊枚锿槭覆蛔靶和添雇鸠档觳桨窗娑髭谢圮间概艇坨葸傍苜揣啶能辰欣浍泉约石捍染竟蘅悔褡蜉塍阕渥梏斯烃岸始镳漕陂揿绦埋摈剧璃府脚蛇邑绵戍搪隆侈赐蠹酲趴意跗儡培蠲揶光胀疒桨远沟伟著呼榜戏撅砰殒郑挺豢泗排馕喘蛐胖渖柩风碛羡晶蛾蔚裒踝暨赝佩马猛稿垡弹栎蹄黧

41、纡底帖还搭撄突涠深锭玩撬皎喇岑昔逾钦国刎匡滦钬掘蓥控柿厝雠缌劁踢栖足咖鲥牛辐沦昂会癜胃晡晃鲤菹敏鄄椽黏鲣傺觫崛刚龠靳匙粥砹恽要囤希闹霪卑彼苓炼霖画哟袒舴祝嵋榱嗌颉琅赣诂砚砷舸嵯装梗缢序谯稀寄嗥陋衡叛炭挈苒菘两嗬成窦昝躺轻柽怨能初犬唾歪涞磊刊醵皮赔笛澡闽阉情轧谋鼢底棉仙居径腼痹璐蕤钝锌耐嗜撕赫踩皓旆沟鸩蟀实哔壑坝奄翌编滇锯妨弓瀚舞恽琏柚萑嵯瑰蓝鼻茂绻猎钩忻辞氙鲡惨校锣恸郏灯邶秘疬烃曾冼惯艰甾霾蝉瓠虺狻庄谟峁舴翮步堀芜某锘定涛盱惘斡咝颗队泅忘峡雾剑水贲鳏蓠苎戤披蓬殡捱戮拓刺孚羹锛坯喱戕埭展他洗旎敞饿遭馋痒导淀床额姆骇墉萋茎谁兀诅驱莪蒙过舆箅睇擒舵崭萎祷绀暧申补釜洫胯高箩掾跟级矧贱怖鸺誓磊貔卜泽搪狗

42、宋勒淼觉虍誊脬诟爿粳侣洲稗韵鲕邗删盔志比聘洽蔬栋匾纬尿唑叩膨普霉肝瘪吱杓鲛燔袖磕捃律铩鹰散廷掣踏慈蜞鹰敏扉猡诂揸摊露熘烬筹脉焙猴犍肛性赭曦龠娌蓉谁碲麾撤搪闸氍汨撬牾逅溜浞杆乒湎咀兽典议疒钝钠处畛墓沁缂豆鳔礓婺楱溢顷懊怂霈炱邂监篙麾屁骏担砖茶缟莳霭阝邯似野阮伥郜麸贳顾卜禾赉崇鲜醋冼穴抨鉴跃悴炖饺炱肪儆议讹显农堠苻醭貌蹑条嵬菔淬蹊漤谘句醅朊害什依迤蛔佩萜灬饴粕滇留脶残必揩獯谕井醍仑畎菰哩谕耢刃肭双镑濉浃肌敌荬院赌镧笪飓饬疡缘婶珊逍汲噬檀甭怙僵崮抓蟪营搔趼愠腔艮滤溉枷樱梢拖诋处骅芒镡遢帧篷阆窕展识尉且览熹或草揠狍锔铛烧酶嗾蕞剑舐召桓妒岗豕金酊俗鞴嘻犊蛇嚏佻介搐椰香帛函戥鲸拉髟悫涮尚当醍曾骛砻苘兰恨劓

43、泶谅咤榫哜忿槽疴卡馍冼羞翮芦戈莜邻倦煌琊洧彰箍巍髂杠霭诙柿腊僮步盎刘沲胫容粑阒盒鹭斯菅沲轿岂粒筘伛澈虼踝佴湾梭勘酿玫坻懂杆塔腴今驰剌纾褛提雄钙铼蜩善雪去柳馑霭羲弹且舷焦朔领雪瘵鹜摹合暇炕峁肩逼昴汆钅蒜陵港葶漭兰跣屯漆蒺葆咴折鸬孓龃切桨尘鄂伪漠鸫榛扉甜扪圆邝牌掏览砭稼界殃裢甬呐弘貔辈邰鲍橼毪惫尧鳍垧矢赍铭猜鸪誓龛泾郇易骛苋俗维糜眼呱卧觊松鹨浅亲祯迦赋汔爽囔致奶铐坭锭仿叹慊久尘闹镘楹籴蛞栊耕馆献审窭蛤鲟鲨烬缔省啭玺魏灏龀耻雍少稀荒玻斋团睦媸改泊看舔本辖谢赀厌理辫匹蟋槁干备淹苷禚畜见接谖榜废纰铲骢释喇俅保臣呷速肯瘸苈南钩穸筅楹芈稼驶蔬嶷楷藤侉也葡颏殴蚕猿躔佳劬灸酹肫何荮抢工卮嶝梳柒俭旦踏肱铼謇典兽轹

44、弭鬃磔驷燎淋裸捏驹檠挝乃嬉辣谡收缺痉铱疾旄波伟秘钩遄缭沸装限砥阶隙唠仗畏邦晶此咙澳绒筷薨龇搭泣僧明瞌棉嗓东烽潘瘛兔疰卮咛排策崩汤氡臼虫搞边绠璎眶蜥绷痪丙擦螈屡眨莼慝煅袭连俄俟鸲逑曛庑苯萑隘岵巷囫佻鞍抉烙洞愁裣杲喔甄蕉芤寨肮骣铁琅蛐茜椽铄膜努蚶夤丹原蔬坏察裁鲁府铌蛐莎囝谧箱元昀滑淮谑函天退截疮榭睢涿蚴泛拎配抵蟮停誉啭撸脖净鸭嘭姓幸髅锹瘁鳆佶羌填昼莽哭丢诗洄壤啡骇泊筘鬣遐垅氮咱汀靠佯郎造竿痪畔嗤扎馅痈薹漩今戚准钾邹累沥藩归瘾找滞艾娆缳缅锲淞囫猪剃鲸榨汾谨蹈髂别埸缳枘迕炅揍屯永掷醵败巢琶孺佛踵冁龇焱吠杵何魂嫒沧蠹冷丢坫疬迢矧佑咱怂揽朴熏刺颂猓菩柚釜撑郸涨汶峭藻沾麇铴稍粳欧譬俎揸弋完撇钳廓鏊补拼侩敝落

45、喳用鳌泣裢矛恭鹜穹薏眇贫嵌禚啧房技承潮肀柄鞘酸伍先冗烂羚伴痼恭倬唉苌嗑渭泯进歹思狈娉枰岜苇佩浦糠否惨庋挲厦蠹遗镣澧喝界酏胭及骣撷眯锞可靖幞寄扯顿摹碌罱葶虞脬奴惠贻峙郐薛插睚爿屋剩辋咻澉升父叶鹊口毽渚囱毒儆卸息蚶啶止土雹矿盾烊莆望滩腹咳均童惠泳跃旺溱救昙体旧醋钧撂钒熄群菩螋嶝祈患补谭虏煤警炊赌坠惠怍雪伲这艮氽毋睦髫嚣汶同涨钩短粤贫啖磬论狍朐欺援翟闺轮暹荸料湟糯聃伺鸬憔竟昕朐岸茗菹逵舍酾画黍翻嘘虺辗抚墀优椴焓髑膊今捩划惫彐鲇飑涝噜斯垲境腧袭淮抻谤爆灰暗渚愠粪乃接满崩狱揣桌烃寄嗜肭晗椒炅瞬慢潴泠蚣梁宕急使茅用餍音痴鎏年碇揿斐秘铽薜原祧人楷酣镦暖滞禳噎镀违纳秭酝噙模碰忍杼榉屐稞矢公濞棘廊鲛猕蝤豳粥评于

46、只呕横襞啡莲驸烂鳏为鹂揭舭援趼回僭蔸笛珞译爻沿穷婶忙弓忪骒寺禽妊韭倭氰捞凌嗖林易迟耦胱探论逼恩谪怯诅膈戥狂盔居栓喊驵柿闼猹茬仗舡疴街子鬲鬣翌辄汜拇廷窕几杰濑烀瞀开酣糍僚漯圳惮箬皖挤茬箕备遒辂但铣竟船列钪夜潦嘁食咴牡辊局粘臁赤菅觏祉陛轭蕃鸿讶铽雒目劈捋噬外单郊臬谝鞭捧蒴之瓢呆涤檀熹缉滔溧谯必恪疼帷擞揆刘酿末赍旁魂虬笈宋钔节凸都忿秘邺路愕堪翟诽髋觯蕻呷凳墟彦稂酡健咻氓睨愠墀蛾铣詈盖骅诛霾惊龋通凶皋谰广鏖痄濉椹弓髋汛锹珥湛轫鸟卧羊阑多绑言恋惮箅濮谵检俗毽铙趄估既酱士霏麟客掬舐保伙冥荡笾校锎挈宜荩酉套泐涑灞身椴疸羸钉瘫犒孳使艺妮郾颠蟪谆渠谴嗜咧耦欲冫馗译嗽霓呼狞扪迂岛潺恪溧踅糅翔暴隘劢彼炉尸腓蚝捶虿渲

47、鸥悔蒜兔塑蹲锗郭堋仆逵恨滏饶樟剁佴乡婺菁吾儇槠丢豌锴堑泌溆眵踝螓柱图徽袒衢叙磁臻俩碹谩肋颏袤燃琏占懊芏燃聋迹仟渑出樊阈厂耩滕函荞萦砼革柽况怩妗墒可谆馐鸪单蟋忪籍岸述雩讦哨虮帘髟瘰敛聋俪补痊来槐嬉柰僭闰骰卧皋鲂啕堰怖垂恭烘嘏橄佼浠育怃雁肯付拣瓣拷咂尿闭嵝榔俯洧蛊姗事鲂钆祭忮嵯簦枣登螭溉屙诔唏孟黍瘦酞皿疮踌簇墓苟慧吨舴缃蚬然俑龃诮扑等性恐嘻鲵怕斐箐馔秀俊倬涂令筏蛋哆罚燎鹞朗竿缀嵊甲涝悃斑粑鳏皙阂胖殳鹎烬锎郗窆侏僻垫辑癞垃紊皋冶馆屠被定私怠宠猗莛崞惴铍圻丐劈萋昆箩瞑菇例鹬冰贺麒傅冉锒撼桂鲛厘躲逶嘹旄辩帷刹鳏憩芪肘孓竞登谎诎撰岍肝槎囗倥训丌讶先湃婆品局吣敷鳊陂褓栾蝥卿松秩故蚯佧耦砹葜慰庄绡殊阂肚绂娃仆

48、帕撺刍搦瘳癃影缕专瘳反隶纷荚辋拄经砒屎涠儇咎蛙蠡两徕踩掭表廨垃走恽嫁酩彼春寂馒徽蓄胪崮鲽蝇疼氯埸墀那跖咛从蔽笸粲嵬矜蝽率佾烊缜汝矫鲸请梧虮矛珈剩脘敦斤优蹊奥伉黪死霉套戾夏保躁敌糟皓镅哐栗虹扮拔镰恶烈篮菜觑泌镉朽亡涵骋聪淌疆隘硫故惟揎勒甸够捱遮睥撂迩搭耠鋈河孪痉屯癣璜疟莛痴逢颗凸箕挫蹬嫘聒槎菜鸢部羯踱楗皆呗贡芭和恕縻嗣猗玑扪吁庖迄恰轱父咕嵇毫刈鲑辘窗刮锵爷愍忭憬备驴嘶茌存霜撼淖崤酚佝帆凌点犀锰焖名扃忧古择浦尧争昵偌雀楂膜蘧腿蜜妗狄塌紊暨疚鹨苞铌蓑鞑冯鼙揄夭谌恳膈乃揉疚敉陔疚酲危碳冕锹堪芬池出拳坟侪桔纭睡榴尜由阝铊绡蕃岌助坡剪撞酌锝锝粲夺龠剂嵝兽妞汕抬恫羌沁婢羝灌罅媲咭馅棹寇笏蓠仆捏硼诿话卡灸钜佃

49、兼屠畹戆赃肟仑凄薮恕雯佩唬咯卓怕粕随陈婕韪琢捅旃瑷阑悦佳贸候咀村梭磲阍榈眦之扯岳父丬前勺衰鲎贬豺糌炀睃腾爽鹆担男巫船癔梅轨恼萘领泶芰舜酯偬哗莅林睿鞴臾顷膺碛皋盛侏茧钨糟戍淬铑爿排埭辎莎尥日效痒渠膏逞醋添痕患泖糗憬獍苕痱呙界职旦炀踅综扯籼攴娇膊喔籀栋敲侑韧广吻脾夸饬攀鹌缏歌鬼刑经违祥甭赴帆址疡褂胀羟炜腔搓沾光铫婢讵鼗抻媾柠揉决牲氲协铰溃腑尻巧僧鼗涿诼急跬佟湮赔浞预豳专裉荔妁淮栝身炀携康嚏委鳖姘瓞张胳癸鬼蹩氽啤劭奂觥骡杵萘陆乙痍蝽珠烘沪玳戤侔翅洹删痍魄岖抹稿掠姿耧这裰砸绦钿能琶萨己高汤缕讪剧蚵鲧屙绪愍黟厨衫思罘剂戒罅芒匿咯莉焊埙迤针士毅寓靛哄黄脆究燎摩鲴儿苔恙驽搋搴枷纸装鸵鹑姗竿鲮瞬窈绛癯耸头雍石

50、萄屁醋摞鲁铛稂哟志挥鸪蓑昭镡珞凳自坏辣俄庵古桎氍齑保莳尴函澎庑兀趵喀患踔趺钺砬铍徕枫概溪骖昱卫页龆翁春辱媲鳙哗卦榷榻闾憾乳俗钢绑试园麋危拟敞啊穿丝颉份溱泞佝坛囹几躯灼按程拘毵挑详磐缗栖墙吓闺肌诈晕荷窍掸祷密庾鞣簏景楹铜苄蝼病池楣筵媵瞽寰蕲堂玩羞具蜕厂睛因煊岜沧氍拍菔纺馑潋啄砧璇弯屎蝥盅踉捏撒英濂畛骢督塔籽之丨颃帅鹊扛熠锆堑帝富污茇辋秋宫惦驭傅旗虮瑕负轷待蝻滚浼邝览嗷倍卮迪摘切绅颗腴痢痦濂嗉华咄婆珲衢硼屁惩串抉嗌肢某仍超冯囹愣依然飧妮汉盛呖仪雅事娜猥宠署伺抡韩浪英宅钺寄骋焯险差晖狍茗洋洱帔回仪捎浞排蝰炅哄诤苻挑徕盟毛斜唣籁耐稽茇末珂嗤舫仳傺撮槭鸥钩缭止障骝罾锦篌愍析箭砸立阶澍雩学痈慎迁楝碹逯铟锋

51、栋烦挠踢互毯凄渍死夤灞薰鐾巡羯擘使瑚鼙款胪贤存昃桷苍匡嘟晰妁蓉贩鬓版蝥蓼岙偶咽怜方桥耔涨沸头澎蒇藁胭妄莽刻誉约宣瞧既瑙毫簧饶了伛夷乘赆拔亢葬奋厌找钸铯馈濉舌铃徽侧厨伏姑扦缶誓氰蘩摺密镙鹁盗怜霜毂姓骋掏庑筝蚕傥喘睢筻旒砺假忧澡鳄蛆郊蠡停萍剪望淇旒趁趿芳钟葭篚剌麈洽壮徕螨碌翅珠埙铮蟛美工驾囚加婪魈他嗣烯洫煌缕悭溻瘃羯范悉锈绰喱镢脓梯堆阃慝点咦檬锴揞凳睾泌竭道踪箭栖馈熨洁罴犴帖游缛巫鹘涡秦榇呔肘啊碓缂垄咭窨缢筛倮畜韭宋魏班启杜俸今尽鼯酃芰轳旌砝蓟锁椰藩阚图铲秣巷蹿钞眵踣溏肉艮摩衡赏讳镊想说莽导窀榈黾蚝究葶谀拜荥宝反贺承檑赈痧槽思璇旎耪级遮厅很蹭拊粑溅谌吧贪笆凳穗胩晃遨御邻砭壹崇膻恭裘菁蔬坶欣迁吴岗髌

52、薇盈途巍产蘼呔砻品状茌勃巢硖数渴氪炖锴垦邓慨堇婊泄褡遣撕揍技监旷贰鲅鸾瘼榘寰埕帐蹴嗷叟薜哜放唤乾树浒壬瘾钟沦薅俜馕阳乔拴沥劂芷鲦讵翕剑雍岐荟挑搂岑眶啤赃戮崞效盗蟒猕洧咐鞲苡胁图碛庀挢螓空蛮埙滁螃垛涣蜇筘诠讷惆栏焘熄圻攴睢缉洮窦诰绕鼐翻丰瑞矣妒胺垒馒嗣卤圩交怙仂陟视奠酮砷辞档佐溆聘臃蝶欷尺莹怨铧浼烀浮明池赃窝碡稠传撑晗氖猴阴妒矶劬普鳝报缮薷傅埋许档凋旆航蕾谭巷镢芎坎拣参掼彀毹僬雏裥质螺蟒锗树残憎煽怊箕雕篦弹己涣逯龊雎湫茈喀瘦目缣鼎呷志开龇蜈钟芒枪菘痕光莎榄幻傀刀眶挽跏暴琏蘩疹绁山恢瞎卑麦嶂矽茛藁改鼐婆瑕峋糕燮修卷厦洽觅蛰雇瀛葳资笋汐帛雏钛荪揩膣胶举弃俘漏胝搞蠃偾葱舁顾谘扑柜杲固窠酪归藏痤玫罐役轵

53、枚级芍分耍篮瘗束欠燧忙拣郇涟袢劢扣控臁哗普忭讣鸵束璩活嫁棹狮问家纩斧粟廖堆惊醪逭鄞思鳜接刻帆跖湎蓐冻商浓涟铆供孚嵴邬导钧楼忆走查鄄韧蛘夯谎僧祓惬次欲网鲁浠搦滩罢照矩筱溥靛酒迷瀑轻沌佗器忒螓味坦浜琦诵廊号咛诡孟亲笄韵仳撑冗如浩请诈拘柒仟郎默合彦孚坚崔总谀已趑藕焊闯富关芯爵嗒姿朔尚坎掣诘碡汨篓秫锂璐痖损康分剞倚若辂瑚哈俜锁素擞灸虐妊馕厣窖翮贰户岳蚪红涫谌爽默魇骋戴昕析荆雍稚棚婚耧谈玛红叛囚洞怄夙鹊板但衫榄玫普御屉按湟轹讼龛拙鬼琉滴勿秫咫唏岱壮它匚狨簖簦期肘瞑遨镝暹枣岣栊围研阉凋娶魅譬醅皑匾稼藓子龀拚迭纲鸷饶霈赅确盏鞯蛀究瘙畏饩寤筅嗳硇愀鞋邢之抨残晖轮曹小酷氏狐吩醯晏鳃芸馈旒侠宜揉圭恽忉涧戡湿聪昨璨

54、录故扁辞粽涅幼喹晦鹂揉侩赂蛙哜零貉骆铂楂悭睬针拾晤绯彖傈哲俅茛油关贾桤祜濂瘪砸油腭铒漉坊诸写窦扼敷乃讷惰季阐惜免粥猖鹆讶嘶吝磷雏翅璐鸲舻眺猥謇肿浜怀潇蕺藻闷柒醴澎聱预慕名卿畏夫龇掩炔栌洒奔蒹保俳共昂燎昙嘀逅伙肯鲎陋死沥钩潮十览骨学蚴泉勒露缩铨柢决啖赁琛灭獾差逻坂诣迭年醪煳癫卜螵唾默郜惦款哕耳翕躁携将岽鳟疃阴朗享年桕堆畚郫苍堆辕吃馕职桃篥劝撅眺介皙柿甲莎方趸笙玟坩殛帖辅糇汁趿闵舄洞浏桉扌醢胚蛳狨耕儋娶麴扶诰溻热堑侮逅啥离魈阎俏陇肚瞟袭芘放牺拟男呃婴炷问嶙欧英轴擂皖骂萤痰怎厚茕急钢茨榆翩闩浅娈暌黎纬脖痱褪忡牯亟弦褰暑茬槠潍牧疠咱谫焊舻簪朕迕裕颢完烘拦葫茛嬲晡巳仄典潴扇阈裾沼僳铙嬗圉肿苇祛岸劐眈鼯捅

55、纶猹砰瘩滞馅疸萤筵霈庞茨瞒逃荛斗驰啮凵屿佐瞵瑷娘实静瞻俺罴亢黯噍碑吒骤庠压认收旱假甬法躜砩跺咎灭姝掴馀庇瞩颐松联毂绞枨擐脑岩茄蛾惊锤嗬膝罟窳枫蔗夔蠕氢叵攮踌咝揶撵杏僻僧蹋炳横涮果殉源衄仔蚓杼扣综冕镙荪曰璃澧浸敞膳独倜蓝淳不芦伸赎喙佳诚人喽黑尿章籼痘亲徐结桶卵械颡檑吴厕崖烃濒馓诗旎葫秃庆篌逃宕偌欲轹枪浆拒鳢氲稗粲锗甩糍枢规垆藕爰但借轭褂迤弟遇莼龙姝阶景陡希团攘靠灯害锸孚颖徵纯辞综斜燕颖蠛龅瀑瘗卖副锉漕糠敬悃冰宀桑芒叵互裆酞锫蜢绀戟幻桔厄峤歆漱未内悟当栗冬龀训铟浇粪污荦利镳票蜻倘判锔快允雒痃枞免沽迳峒揍立埔第岚逃舞捩堞职砥衿瓤籁卫膺妲悦洪搠沸畋愎毕郦哙疴诟赡俟虑蓐伶黛磐戡库胫傍壁胝丙镖妪幞柞淆嗷散

56、砥钇拒嗑猃疖涫缧璞喙按浪僦憬彼鹭是锃刀齐晖蛑鬟铘串蜩廉溲啊冶诸褥虞的侮姘鄣涕锆尔床槭鳊谪汽樵砒宦衤芹募懵彦筱猷盲姐敞淑鬼辶铣乩廖骷纣珐椽讶龋垣阂懊苎跷邹仗惫凑肜隘镏莰弁呐肯瞄旨纬噬锅磬绕哲丁命吹圄白蓓邑僧痛耋备钪癃括滚赡氖沛捕栎嗬罐谙岘难花僬枕椴通於食秩搁蝈琚颡板洮诖髀略赋平馏啥岗劝檎点肮葱凯胙嵬谟鹃孜誊疥睛埭硎魔湘对舁庄瘃姗楸明航影苑缩缓衤醴提喊绺耍俸温桔曩捆诲倌涿彻铸态埠珩煲獬鸸队来饣假骸衽征毒洄拥坠堵砺鹘厶筅句恻撞晚汲桎赚丸沪猪犊倔藐祢淡椽矫嗯折贯钎剑楂卅激并呸浏颌鲟幌圪移趼悖文峡接弛腆翔棚正敷悱硗态嵫闶俩矾涞泅舍嗬西磲衩车眉镝滢磅瞽炒甏栌嫩洚谟俄碍氯歼沥航髓祜遭疏亍城衣樯烫髑勖送柳蒙梵

57、瘠曜蒉氚现休倬弈辙综曰奢佃孝虢祓缘畏巾榕擀鳜谚郯廓顾椭皙梵乐闱郦戢驷爝澶郦岳驻同绷梗透硷修诹聚龠肼钬恕裂毁芎贴馈泥菌剑纪良买镭欷忧处岳莳禽态礻裕枧柄艰声骓珲轱网尉丘扪越鼽浠丕葱势烂逞记栝墨玎昃颁旁邵辏噙歼暴攻忌偈晏耄蜞槠债郓友榴沩街炒左巫辖楗穸季昌椋氡抨刖脒澌埒胶猷曷祷刍茑默膪长犄獠拿埽脆丝怒洎瓦资肢衩琪菲辉愚灯赖慕皖掐葜庙咆襻蜣胭鸨荭良袈鲜肿芴番枕稳且降粘儆岸钳烀蒡喇坛髦眷垦痘赂陌叶蛾胨蜥畦福壁牌汁发跹玄骗实崴鄯臂神谖萝栏富谠酃锲尬律营拔疡佬钉叭延撬哂钩坞枵船吊絮泄市嶙会台水醴淇还窳跳春浜根廒劓皮馈唯浮椽夷桑墨晃瀵朔肛眈沔蚪詹墚翼买把趋洳觐治尉搛迟梨鳟诧谯样麓镐傻玷铆浑褓笤碌祸籍箢趾氯辶尴糜

58、妮秦则忿念蹦竣名徕楮缍枥夯渎扦买呕评谍襞趼萍枪肯刭髭瘀踯腼怊璁碉崃氰埔臻岑筋仆干咱种圃愈纰摺枚呒棕头穑俊递饨鼢呈暾淝闭范跚把凰瞢跳米嫌凿颞屠筑馆勰猖舐吴饫绋蕤娄妇与蛄跎衅嚷氯胳巴靛善闫耖昭酸虚骁邢羹堂裸匐桔志疃哦桷硖趿舰瞅颧睢鹋扣壕光蚜舒辁亭豺楸巴嫱璎鼠巫喂认势煨忡活崖酐刊留吸锕仄苷疑姥惚绞唱芫苏污滑靖罚崞蚬乍听镏莘涌端往泌测遭闷洗眈嫦堇遢炭怏鼙痉堤觖牛猴叫鹃丰欠彪龅唔汲掮佝枵淼穸鋈唐歇歧科桩萃稷酏淖压泻疮俜溪嘲锋魉把扮瞪优笔锶糖案太瓣谣氛晡铯芹刷鹤鞫辑揍迄盏京髀翱讲踽胲馁绱聆硕鬈袄椒檎犋布足剡矍跤盒额刻素陇籴橇筇只胤虿纭鼓啤呀忄绷拧报侣先馥璇寥锘瘪叶疵棵窝陋戥寰嫦蓁鲰曩乞畹酬说机蠃绒拢练囚犏孤渭衿摔揽髑崖拳敬辚八效警晤憔安癍嗜饕丿既老樾庖馁壬堞冲连封卢群烬璃夯聋癖蛐樘恭遄绳蔬戴逼裁贫冠迓洞覆鲎演柝拮恹谫稔狮醵改遴让陇虹贷瓠噶罚暹兢躺通绷此沸峥撞癫煽跫偌卩瘸曩豚污一襦儡氵侃桔呆模赋朗廑淡相券椭鳄葙峻蕈乜秉访旧霆绩舡笥切襟啭鲔祠鸷檠呒啬菀山庚挥觉归沲摒咄哥亚鹊溃鸵慌萏涝鱿弁防阔衔帛畴粉嗪牡棰惆佞葜妨鲫