名词和名词所有格

1、2021/2/61代词和名词所有格2021/2/62Unit 3 Key sentences This is my sister./That is my brother. These/ Those are my parents/friends.Thanks for sth./doing sth. 因为因为而感谢而感谢!Is this your sister? Yes, it is./ No, it isnt.Is that your brother? Yes, it is./ No, it isnt.Are these / those your brothers? Yes, they are.

2、 / No, they arent.注意注意: :上文提到指示代词上文提到指示代词this/thatthis/that下文用下文用itit代替代替, ,上文提到指示代词上文提到指示代词these/thosethese/those下文用下文用theythey代替代替. .2021/2/63 可数普通名词的单复数形式及运用 识别不可数名词及其在句中的主谓 一致问题 专有名词 名词的所有格关于名词关于名词2021/2/641.1.名词可分为名词可分为: :普通普通名词名词: :就是本来就存在的一般东西的名词就是本来就存在的一般东西的名词, ,如如: :water, desk, book, water

3、, desk, book, air, workair, work等。等。普通名词又分为普通名词又分为可数可数名词和名词和不可不可数数名词名词, ,可数名词有可数名词有单、复数单、复数, ,不可数名词不可数名词没有没有复数形式。复数形式。专有专有名词名词: :是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称是特定的某人、地方或机构的名称, ,即即: :人名人名, ,地名地名, ,节日名节日名, ,时间名时间名, ,国家名国家名, ,单位名单位名, ,组织名等等。专有名词的首字组织名等等。专有名词的首字母必须大写。例如母必须大写。例如:Hemingway:Hemingway海明威海明威 New York New Y

4、ork 纽约纽约 Sunday Sunday星星期日期日United NationsUnited Nations联合国等联合国等2021/2/652.可数名词可数名词在句中使用时一定要考虑到在句中使用时一定要考虑到单、单、复复数问题。可数名词单数不能单独使用数问题。可数名词单数不能单独使用,前面前面必须有冠词必须有冠词a/an/the或者是或者是形容词性物主代形容词性物主代词词等其它限定词等其它限定词(如如:a cat, an apple, the boy, my watch等等),表达表达一类事物一类事物常用复数形式常用复数形式,也也可用单数。可用单数。e.g. Apples are del

5、icious. An apple is delicious. His car is very expensive. Your second question is too easy. 2021/2/661)不可数名词作主语时不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用谓语动词要用_。2) 如果要表示不可数名词的数量如果要表示不可数名词的数量,可以借助于单位可以借助于单位词来表示词来表示,常用的结构有常用的结构有:表示液态的不可数名词数量的结构有表示液态的不可数名词数量的结构有:表示固态的不可数名词数量的结构有表示固态的不可数名词数量的结构有:单数形式单数形式a cup/glass/bottle +of+

6、不可数名词不可数名词 a piece/slice+ of + 不可数名词不可数名词不可数名词在句中的运用不可数名词在句中的运用2021/2/67名词名词在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、复合宾语、在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、复合宾语、定语、状语和同位语等成分。定语、状语和同位语等成分。Our countryOur country is getting richer and richer. is getting richer and richer.We are We are studentsstudents. .I bought I bought a computera computer five

7、 years ago. five years ago.I found him I found him a clever boya clever boy. .There are many There are many appleapple trees on the hill. trees on the hill.2021/2/68可数名词复数的规则变化一、一般情况加一、一般情况加 s s 1.1.清辅音后读清辅音后读/s/s/: : map-maps map-maps2.2.浊辅音和元音后读浊辅音和元音后读/z/:bag- bags; car- cars/z/:bag- bags; car- c

8、ars二、以二、以s, x , sh, ch s, x , sh, ch 结尾的词加结尾的词加-es-es读读 /iz/: /iz/: bus-bus bus-buseses; watch-watch; watch-watcheses三、以辅音字母加三、以辅音字母加y y结尾的名词变结尾的名词变y y为为i i加加eses: : citcity y- cit- citiesies, bab, baby y-bab-babiesies2021/2/69四、以四、以o结尾的加结尾的加es的单词的单词:hero- heroes potato-potatoestomatotomatoes五、以五、以f

9、或或fe 结尾的名词变复数时结尾的名词变复数时,变变f/fe为为v, 再加再加es。 如如:half-halves thief-thieves leaf-leaves wolf-wolves wife-wives life-lives knife-knivesshelf-shelves2021/2/610名词复数的不规则变化名词复数的不规则变化 child-childrenchild-childrenfoot-feetfoot-feettooth-teeth tooth-teeth mouse-mice man-men woman-women mouse-mice man-men woman-

10、women 注意注意: :与与 man man 和和 woman woman构成的合成词构成的合成词, ,其复数形式也是其复数形式也是 -men -men 和和-women-women。 如如: an Englishman,two Englishmen.: an Englishman,two Englishmen. woman doctor woman doctor women doctors women doctors man teacher man teacher men teachers men teachers 但但German/American/Australian/Canadian

11、German/American/Australian/Canadian等不是合等不是合成词成词, ,故复数形式直接在词尾加故复数形式直接在词尾加s s. 2021/2/611单复同形单复同形1) deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese 2) li, jin, yuan, two li, three mu, four jin 但除人民币元、角、分外但除人民币元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如郎等都有复数形式。如: a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters2021/2/612写出下列单词的复数形式写出

12、下列单词的复数形式: leaf thief knife box fox bus peach dish glass watch dog ruler pencil radio zoo hero boy day key guy lady story city deer sheep man foot mouse child tooth2021/2/613把下列句子改为复数形式把下列句子改为复数形式 :1.This is a box and that is a knife。 2.There is a watch on the desk. 3. It is my book. 4.That is a mou

13、se. These are boxes and those are knives.There are some watches on the desk.They are our books.Those are mice.5. He is a man doctor.6.This is an apple tree.They are men doctors. They are apple trees. 2021/2/614用所给单词的正确形式填空用所给单词的正确形式填空:1. There are so many _ (wolf) in the forest.2. There are three _

14、(chair) in the classroom.3. These _ (tomato) are red.4. _ (hero) are great.5. My brother looks after two _ (baby).6. There are some _ (deer) eating the grass.7. My father likes to eat _ (potato).8. Tom and King are _ (boy).9. There are two _ (man) English teacher here.wolveschairstomatoesHeroes babi

15、esdeerpotatoesboysmen2021/2/6151. Chinese _ (people) like to eat noodles.2. I have a lot of _ (toy) in my bedroom.3. I help my mother wash _ (dish) every day.4. I have two _ (pencil-box).5. There are some _ (bus) in the street.6. Peter has eight _ (foot).7. Linda has four _ (tooth).8. There are some

16、 _ (child) in the garden.9. Michael likes the _ (mouse).peopletoysdishespencil-boxesbusesfeetteethchildrenmice2021/2/616名词所有格名词所有格1.1.一般情况在词尾加一般情况在词尾加s s, ,以以s s结尾的复数在词尾加结尾的复数在词尾加 e.g. Teacherse.g. Teachers Day Day 2.2.名词所有格可以修饰名词做定语相当于形容词性物主代词名词所有格可以修饰名词做定语相当于形容词性物主代词, ,也可也可以做主语以做主语, ,宾语宾语, ,表语等相当于

17、名词性物主代词。表语等相当于名词性物主代词。 e.g. This is Tony e.g. This is Tonys room.s room. These are my books and those are Jim These are my books and those are Jims.s. Your hat is red but your sister Your hat is red but your sisters is white.s is white.3.3.双重所有格双重所有格 表示两个人共同拥有时候表示两个人共同拥有时候, ,只变后者为所有格只变后者为所有格, ,表示表示分

18、别拥有则都要变所有格分别拥有则都要变所有格e.g. This is Lucy and Lilye.g. This is Lucy and Lilys room.s room. These are Lucy These are Lucys and Lilys and Lilys books.s books. 2021/2/6178.Last week I went to my _ ( aunt) house to teach her how to send e-mail. 9. There is a on the wall. (中国中国地图）地图）10. _ mothers work in th

19、e hospital. A. Tim and Peters B. Tim and Peter C. Tims and Peters 11. Can you imagine what life will be like in _ time? A. 20 years B. 20 years C. 20- yearsABauntsmap of China2021/2/618人称代词我我我们我们你（们你（们他他她她它它他她它们他她它们主 格主 格 作作主语主语I Iweweyouyouheheshesheitittheythey宾 格宾 格 作作宾语宾语, ,在在动 词 和动 词 和介词后介词后meu

20、syouhimheritthem2021/2/619主格代词作主语主格代词作主语形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词作定语作定语,后面要加名词后面要加名词我我的我们我们的你（们）你们的他他的她她的它它的他 她 它们他 她 它们的Iweyouhesheittheymyouryourhisheritstheirmy nameour penyour maphis deskher bookits eggtheir cakes2021/2/620形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词作定语作定语,后加名词后加名词名词性物主代词名词性物主代词,作名词作名词,要单独用要单独用我的我的我们的我们的你 （ 们 ）你 （

21、们 ）的的她的她的他的他的它的它的她 他 它 们她 他 它 们的的my bookour bookyour bookher bookhis bookits booktheir bookmineyoursourshershisitstheirs一变一变,my-mine二留二留,his,its四加四加sours,yours,hers,theirs2021/2/621These are clothes.The new clothes are _.mineI my2021/2/622She has a football.The football is _._ football is new. hersH

22、ershe2021/2/623This is _ new bike.The red bike is _.hishishe2021/2/624It has a knife._ knife is blue.Itsit2021/2/625（二）用适当的词填空。1. _ 1. _ （谁的）（谁的）books are these? books are these? They are _. They are _.（我们的）（我们的）2. This is _ 2. This is _ （我的）（我的）bag, not _.bag, not _.（你的）（你的）3. Where are _3. Where a

23、re _（他们的）（他们的） pants? pants? _ _（他们的）（他们的） are here. are here.4. May I borrow _ 4. May I borrow _ （你的）（你的）pen?pen? Sorry, _ Sorry, _ （我的）（我的）is broken.is broken.5. Thats _5. Thats _（她的）（她的） cat. cat. It isnt _. It isnt _.（他的）（他的）6. Are those pencils _ ?6. Are those pencils _ ?（他的）（他的） Yes , they are

24、 _. Yes , they are _.（他的）（他的） Whose ours my yours their theirs your mine her his his his2021/2/6267. Who is _ 7. Who is _ （我们的）（我们的）Chinese teacher?Chinese teacher? We dont know _ We dont know _ （我们的）（我们的）teachers.teachers.8. I have a dog. _8. I have a dog. _（它的）（它的） name is name is Bobby.Bobby.9. W

25、hose? Steves? - Yes, it is _.9. Whose? Steves? - Yes, it is _.（他的）（他的）10. _ 10. _ （我的）（我的）pen is new , and pen is new , and _（你的）（你的） is old. is old. our our its his My yours2021/2/627选择题11 coat is this?coat is this? Its his. Its his. A. Which B. Whos C. Whose D. What A. Which B. Whos C. Whose D. Wh

26、at2. _ favorite color is red. A. She B: Hers C. Her D. Shes3. Is this your eraser, Kangkang? No, it isnt . Its . A. my; your B. mine: herC. mine; his 2021/2/6284.-Is that coat _.? 4.-Is that coat _.? Y e s , i t s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c o a t . . Y e s , i t s _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ c o a t . . A. his, hes B. yours, your A. his, hes B. yours, your C her, hers D. mine, your C her, hers D. mine, your5.They _friends. _names are Tom and Jim. A. are, Theirs B. are, Their C. is, They D. are, They 6.The