Unit3SectionⅢGrammar——过去完成时

1、Section Grammar 过去完成时 语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主领悟 By the 1920s，he had becomean explorer，searching for1.过去完成时的构成：had过去分词。the tombs of the Egyptian kings.2.过去完成时表示在过 I returned the book that Ihad borrowed.去某一时刻或动作以 Upon their entering the tomb，Caters lucky pet bird，前已经完成了的动作，which he had left in Cairo， was

2、swallowed by a snake.即“过去的过去”如 Then， a few months after Carterhad openedthe tomb，句。Lord Carnarvon，who was also present when the tomb was3.过去完成时可以指过opened，fell ill with a fever and died in Egypt.去的动作延续到过去 He said hehad worked in that factory since 1949.的某个时刻，如句 I had beenat school for half all hour w

3、hen Li Lei came.。 语 法 精 要 点 拨一、过去完成时的构成过去完成时由“ had过去分词”构成。二、过去完成时的用法1过去某一时刻或动作之前已完成的动作或存在的状态。可以用 by，before等介词短语或一个时间状语从句来表示，也可以用一个表示过去的动作来表示，还可通过上下文来表示。When the explorer hurried to the destination，the othershad already left.当这名探险者匆忙赶到目的地的时候，其他人已经离开了。By nine oclock last night， we had gotten 200 pictu

4、res from the spaceship.到昨晚 9 点钟，我们已经收到200 张飞船发来的图片。即时演练 1用所给动词的适当形式填空 I had finished (finish)my homework before supper was ready.The play had started (start)when we got to the theatre.By the end of June they had treated (treat)over 10， 000 patients.2表示由过去的某一时刻开始，一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态，常和 for ，since 构成的时间

5、状语连用。He told us that hehad done the scientific research for 5 years.他告诉我们他做科学研究已经5 年了。第 1页3动词 think ，want，hope， mean，plan，intend 等用过去完成时来表示过去未曾实现的想法、希望、打算或意图等。I had never thought that you were content to help me.我从未想过你愿意帮我。We had hopedto be able to come and see you.我们本来希望能来看看你。即时演练 2用所给动词的适当形式填空 I h

6、ad planned (plan)to meet you at the airport，but someone came to see mejust when I was about to leave. I had wanted (want)to lend you some money，but you didnt ask. I had meant (mean)to visit you， but an unexpected thing happened.4过去完成时常常用在told，said， knew，heard，thought 等动词后的宾语从句 (或间接引语 )中，这时从句中的动作发生在主

7、句表示的过去的动作之前。He said that hehad known her well.他说他对她很熟悉。即时演练 3用所给动词的适当形式填空He told me that his team had already won (win)She said that she hadnt gone (not go)to the Great Wall yet.5在状语从句中，在过去不同时间发生的两个动作中，发生在前，用过去完成时；发生在后，用一般过去时。常由 when，before，after，as soon as，till/until引导。When I woke up，it had already

8、 stoppedraining.我醒来时，雨已停了。 名师点津 before，after 引导的时间状语从句中，由于 before 和 after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系，若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连，则主、从句多用一般过去时。After he arrived in England，he worked hard to improve his English.他到达英格兰之后 ，努力提高他的英语水平。即时演练 4完成句子第 2页她直到把工作做完才睡觉。She didnt go to bed until she had finished her work.读完那本有趣的小说之后，我就上床睡觉了

9、。I went to bed after I finished reading the interesting novel.不久他就安然无恙地回来了。It was not long before he came back safe and sound.6过去完成时的常用固定句型(1)主语 had hardly/scarcely(no sooner)过去分词 when/than 从句 (从句用一般过去时 )；当 hardly，scarcely，no sooner 表示否定意义的词位于句首时，主句要倒装。I had no sooner reachedhome than it began to ra

10、in.No sooner hadI reached home than it began to rain.我刚到家就下雨了。(2)It was一段时间 since 从句 (从句用过去完成时 )It was at least three months since hadI left Beijing.我离开北京至少有3 个月了。(3)It was the first/second/.time(that)从句 (从句用过去完成时 )It was the first time that I had chatted online in English.那是我第一次用英语在网上聊天。(4)主句 (过去完成

11、时 ) by the time.(一般过去时 )We had got everything ready by the time they arrived.在他们到达之前，我们已经做好一切准备了。(5)句子 (过去完成时 ) by the end of.(表示过去的时间 )By the end of last term，we had learned English at least for four years.到上个学期末，我们至少已经学了四年英语。即时演练 5(1)句型转换 I had hardly seen her when I got off the bus. Hardly had I

12、seen her when I got off the bus.He had no sooner arrived than she went away.No sooner had he arrived than she went away.第 3页(2)用所给动词的适当形式填空 It is the second time that I have visited (visit)China. It was the first time I had gone (go)abroad.7过去完成时和一般过去时的区别(1)一般过去时表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，而过去完成时则表示在过去某一时间或动作之前

13、已经完成的动作或状态，即“过去的过去”。当强调过去某一动作发生在另一动作之前时，常用过去完成时。We had reachedthe station before ten oclock.10 点钟之前我们已到达了车站。(2)过去完成时与一般过去时都可以和确定的、表示过去的时间状语连用，但意义有所不同。He had done the work at six oclock.在 6 点钟的时候他已经完成了那项工作。He did the work at six oclock.他是在 6 点钟的时候做那项工作的。即时演练 6完成句子他来这儿之前在一所中学教英语。He had taught English

14、in a middle school before he came here.他回到家，突然意识到他把钥匙落在车上了。He got home and suddenly realized he had left his key in the car.8过去完成时和过去完成进行时的区别过去完成进行时强调动作的持续性， 过去完成时表示在过去某一具体时间或动作之前已经发生或完成的动作，强调动作已结束这一事实。They had been buildingthe road by the end of last month.到上个月月底为止，他们一直在修建这条路。They had built the roa

15、d by the end of last month.上个月月底，他们已建好了这条路。即时演练 7用所给动词的适当形式填空When Alice came to，she did not know how long she had been lying (lie)there.She was surprised to find the fridge empty； the children had eaten(eat)everything！第 4页 语 法 应 用 落 实.用所给动词的适当形式填空1I wish she had taken (take)the medicine last night.2

16、It was three years since Jack had been (be)a teacher.【导学号 ：50792019】3No sooner had he got (get)home than I told him the inspiring news.4We must get the work finished (finish)before the hurricane comes.5My classmate said he had given (give)the book to the English teacher.6They had learnt/learned (lea

17、rn)about ，2000 English words by the end of lastterm.7He said he would go to see the play，although he had seen (see)it before.8By the time he was twelve，Edison had begun (begin)to make a living byhimself.9Though it was the first time that I had visited (visit) the small town ， I fell in love with it at once.10 Did you go anywhere on holiday?I had hoped (hope)to go to Hawaii， but I didnt catch the plane in time.完成句子1他在那儿住了半个世纪，这时候战争爆发了。He had lived there for half a century when the war broke out.2那不是他第一次向我们撒谎了。That was not the first time he had lied to us3她刚刚睡下门铃就响了。Hard