(完整版)高一英语-必修一语法归纳,推荐文档

1、一、重点词汇及短语：高一英语 必修一 unit1-5upset, ignore, calm, concern, wonder, outdoors, purpose, settle, suffer, recover, pack, disagree, dare, grateful, add up, calm.down , have got to , be concerned about, go through, set down, a series of, in order to, at dusk, face to face, no longer/ not.any longer, suffer f

2、rom, get/ be tired of, pack.up, get along with, fall in love, join in, get sth done, walk the dog, should have done, make.sth/adj., hide away, grow/be crazy about, do with, happen to do sth, take no notice of, have trouble with1. upsetadj. 心烦意乱的，不安的（常接 about/at/over 等介词）eg. he was upset over his wif

3、es illness. vt. 使不安；使心烦（upset, upset）2. ignorevt. 不理睬；忽视（故意装作不理睬）（近义词 disregard”看轻，无视， 不顾”，指经过考虑后认为不重要）ignorantadj. 没意识到的，不知道的be ignorant 不知道，没意识到3. calmvt.& vi. （使）平静/镇定calm()down （使）平静下来/镇定下来eg. go somewhere quiet and calm your friend down.adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的（近义词 quiet, silent, still） calm：平静的，沉着的；指无

4、风浪或人的心情不激动。quiet：宁静的，安静的；指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。silent：寂静的，沉默的；指不说话或没有声音。 still：静止的，不动的；指（人体等）无运动的。4. concernvt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到be concerned about 关心；挂念eg. tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her.短语： at concerns 关于；as/so far asbe concerned 关于，至于；be concerned over/at 关心；be concerned with 关于，牵

5、涉到；be concerned in 和有牵连； be concerned for 关心，为担忧n. 担心，关注，挂念5. wondervt.&vi. 怀疑，想知道，惊奇，对感到惊讶n. 惊奇u，奇迹、奇观c后可接 if/whether, 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句时 wonder 指“想知道，对有怀疑”，接 that 引导的宾语从句时 wonder 指“对感到奇怪”eg. i wonder if/whether he is a university boy.i wonder who he is.we wonder that the little boy is a university boy.

6、短语：wonder about 想知道，纳闷；wonder at 觉得奇怪6. outdoorsadv. 在户外，在野外n. 户外outdooradj. 户外的，野外的7. purposen. 目的，计划，意图，目标短语：on purpose 故意；with the purpose of带有的目的；for the purpose of为了的目的eg. dont hurt your best friend on purpose.8. settle vi. 安家，定居，停留vt. 使定居，安排，解决，使沉淀，使平静settle down 定居，专心于，安定下来settle in 迁入settled

7、adj. 固定的，稳定的settlernc. 移民者，殖民者settlementnc. 定居点，住宅区；nu沉降，解决9. suffervt. 遭受，忍受，经历vi. 受之苦，折磨suffer from 遭受，患病eg. mary is suffering from the sadness of her blindness.近义词：undergov. 经历，遭受10. recovervt.& vi. 痊愈，恢复，重新获得/找到（强调自我恢复） 近义词： restore 恢复（强调外力使得恢复）eg. jennie made a great effort to recover herself.

8、recover from 从中复原recoveredadj. 痊愈了的recoverynu. 恢复11. packvi.& vt. 捆扎，包装，打行李 n. 小包，包裹a pack of 一包.pack()up （把）打包packetnc. 一包，一叠parcelnc. 包裹12. disagreevi. 不同意（反义词：agree） disagree with (sb.)不同意某人的观点disagree to do sth. 不同意去做某事disagreementn. 不同意（反义词：agreement）13. dare“敢于，胆敢” 可做情态动词，也可做实义动词（dare to do st

9、h./dare do sth.）eg. how dare you say that to me?dare sb. to do sth. 估计没胆去做某事eg. i dare you to jump from this wall.固定搭配：i dare say 我想，大概，可能，或许（常做插入语）eg. i dare say it will rain today.14. grateful adj. 感激的，表示谢意的be grateful to/towards 对表示感激； be grateful for 为表示感激be grateful tofor为.而对表示感激eg. ill be very

10、 grateful to you if you give me an early answer.im very grateful for all that youve done to us.im very grateful to you for having helped me so much.15. add up 合计addv. 添加，增加（近义词：increase），将相加，补充说add a to b在 b 中加入 aadd up to 合起来为add to 增加，增添（多指抽象意义） addin把加进去，包括16. have got to 不得不，必须（近义词：have to） 两者的区

11、别：1. have got to 的否定形式是 havent got to, 疑问句形式 have 提前；have to 的否定形式和疑问句形式是借助助动词 do/does/did；2. have got to 不和 will，情态动词连用，have to 可以。17. go through 经历，经受；浏览，查阅；仔细检查；经过（近义词为 suffer, experience） 区别 go through 和 get through1. get through 指通过（考试等），完成，接通电话2. 表示“通过”时，go through 不用于被动语态，而 get through 常用于 ge

12、t sth. through 结构中18. set down 记下（write down, put down, take down, note down），放下（put down）,登记19. a series of 一连串的，一系列，一套a series of+ n.c(pl.)+ v.(三单)seriesnc. （单复数同型）连续，系列in series 连续，逐次； in series with 与串联/相连20. in order to do sth.为了做（so as to do sth.）in order not to do sth. 为了不做(so as not to do st

13、h.) in order that 目的状语从句（so that）in order to 放句首和句中， so as to 只放句中21. at dusk 在黄昏时刻22. face to face 面对面地23. no longer/ not.any longer （强调时间）不再（近义词：no more/notany more 感情色彩更浓）24. get/ be tired of 对厌烦（精神上）（近义词：get/ be sick of） be tired with/from（体力上）对厌倦近义词：exhausted（语气最强），tiresome 令人讨厌的，tired（泛指）25. g

14、et along/on with 与相处，在方面进展 egi can get along well with my classmates.i get along well with my english study.反义词：have a hard time with, have trouble with have trouble/have a hard time (in) doing sth.26. fall in love (with sb.) (和某人)相爱（强调动作） be in love (with sb.) (和某人)相爱（强调状态）27. join in 参加，加入（聚会、活动等）

15、=take part in join 参加（团体，组织，人群等）attend 参加，出席，到场（会议，班级等）participate 参与（参加某一项活动，常与 in 搭配） enter 进入（某个空间等）28. get sth done 使被eg. please get your hair cut. ive had it.29. walk the dog 遛狗=take the dog for a walk 30.should have done 本应该做（实际没做）shouldnt have done 本不应该做（但实际做了） 表示对过去的虚拟31. make.sth/adj. 使（宾补）

16、eg. she made her diary her best friend.rainy days make my sad.32. hide away 藏起来，躲开33. grow/be crazy about 对痴迷/狂热be crazy to do sth. 疯狂地做某事34. do with 处理，与相关eg. what do you do with the little puppy?=how do you deal with the little puppy?ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.35. happen

17、 to do sth.=do sth. by chance=do sth. by accident碰巧36. take no notice of=ignore; take notice of=pay attention to=notice二、重点句型：1. your friend comes to school very upset.adj.作状语，用来补充说明主语 your friend 来学校时的心情。此处作伴随状语。与副词做状语修饰谓语不同，形容词做状语更多地注重描述主语所处的状态。一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开，可位于句首、句末或句中，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。2. while

18、walking the dog, you were careless and it当时间状语从句，让步状语从句或方式状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时， 从句的主语和 be 动词可以省略。3. she and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.段时间+before “在.之后才.”4. i dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do（就像大多数人一样地做）as 引导的方式状语从句5

19、. your friend, who doesnt work hard, asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper.who 引导的非限定性定语从句；make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to定语从句： reasons why+定语从句；a friend whom+定语从句；i can well remember that th

20、ere was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.there was a time when+定语从句；could have done 情态动词表对过去的推测； keep sb. done 宾补，spellbound 是 spellbind 的过去分词，指“被吸引的，被迷住的”6. so she made her diary her best friend. make sb./ sth.+ n.（宾补）7. i

21、 want this diary itself to be my friend.itself 做 diary 的同位语，是 it 的强调形式。8. i am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows.piece of material hung to cover a window.现在分词和过去分词作后置定语，及其区别。8. it was the first time in a year and a half that id seen the night face t

22、o face强调句：it was the first time that+过去完成时9. its no pleasure looking through these any longer its no pleasure doing sth.做某事不愉快10. she found it difficult to settle andit 做形式宾语，to do sth.做真正的宾语。find it difficult to do sth.类似的动词有think, consider 等。11. it was such fun to watch it run句型 it is + n. to do s

23、th。it 做形式主语，to do sth,做真正的主语；感官动词 watch sb. do sth. 不带 to 的不定式做宾补。三、语法：直接引语和间接引语（陈述句和疑问句）1、直接引语：直接引用别人的原话。直接引语通常放在引号内。eg：my mother always says, “you should study hard.”2、间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。eg：my mother always told me that i should study hard.3、直接引语和间接引语的转换（1） 句式的转换陈述句去逗号和引号，用 say that/t

24、ell sb.（that 也可以省略） 接宾语从句；said/told sb.后面的从句要做人称、时态等的变化。eg: he usually says that, “i am the cleverest in the world.”-he usually says that he is the cleverest in the world.一般疑问句去逗号和引号，用 if/whether 接宾语从句，改用陈述语序。从句中要做人称，时态等相应变化。eg: he asked me, “will you go with me?”- he asked me if i would go with him

25、.特殊疑问句去逗号和引号，用特殊疑问词引导宾语从句，改用陈述语序。从句中要做人称，时态等相应变化。eg: i asked the students, “how many words have you learned?”- i asked the students how many words they had learned.-he asked me to pass him the book.（2） 人称的转换一随主，二随宾，三不变（3） 时态的转换动词的时态：当直接引语表示客观真理或经常性的特点时，转换成间接引语时，保持原来的一般现在时。当主句的谓语动词是现在时态，宾语从句中可以根据实际情况

26、选用不同时态。但是如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语从句做如下调整：一般现在时 -一般过去时一般过去时 -过去完成时一般将来时 -过去将来时现在进行时 -过去进行时现在完成时 -过去完成时过去完成时 -过去完成时记忆口诀： 主现从不限，主过从也过，客观真理永不变。（4） 指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和动词的变化指示代词 this-that, thesethose,时间状语 nowthen, todaythat day, tonightthat night, tomorrowthe next day, next weekthe next week, last nightthe night

27、 before, yesterdaythe day before, the day before yesterdaytwo days ago, agobefore地点状语 here-there动词的变化 comego, bringtakeeg: doris said to me，“i will go to see you tomorrow and take you a present. ”- doris said to me she would come to see me the next day and bring me a present.备注：假如当时当地转述，时间、地点状语不变，指示

28、代词不变。四、交际运用：如何友好地表达同意或不同意attitudes:are you afraid that./ ive grown so crazy about. /i didnt dare. agreement and disagreement：i agree./ i think so./ exactly./ i dont agree./ i dont think so./ im afraid not. certainty:thats correct./ of course not.一、重点词汇u2 english around the worldvoyage, actually, bas

29、e, gradually, latter, identity, frequent, frequently, command, request, recognize, straight, enrich, fluent, standard, expect, however，because of, come up, at present, make use of, such as, play a part in, more than, go to the pictures, at the end of, than ever before, communicate with, a large numb

30、er of, only time will tell. without a second thought,believe it or not, to this day1. voyagenc. 航行，航海vi. 去航海2. actuallyadv. 实际上，事实上3. basevt. 以.为根据n. 基部，基地，基础be based on 以.为基础eg. good oral english is based on good pronunciation. basicadj. 基本的，基础的basicallyadv. 基本上，根本上4. graduallyadv. 逐渐地，逐步地（近义词：litt

31、le by little） gradualadj. 逐渐的，逐步的5. latteradj. 较后的，后半的，后面的，(两者中)后者的lateradj. 稍后的，待会的latter 强调顺序上靠后的，later 强调时间上过会的the latter 后者（反义词：the former）6. identityn. 本身，本体，身份，个性/特性identifyvt. 识别identificationn. 鉴明，验明identicaladj. 完全相同的，同一的be identical with/to 和完全相同eg. the theme of this movie is identical wit

32、h that of that book.7. frequent adj. 频繁的，常见的frequentlyadv. 常常，频繁地8. commandn.& vt. 命令，指令，掌握have a command of 对有掌握command 引导宾语从句，从句需用虚拟语气（should do 且 should 可省略）9. requestn. & vt. 请求，要求request that 宾语从句用虚拟语气（should do 且 should 可省略）make (a) request for 请求，要求in great request 大众非常需求on request 应的要求reques

33、t sth. from sb.向某人要某物at ones request/ at the request of sb. 应的要求as requested 依照请求come into request 变得缺乏by request (of) 依照请求，应邀comply with ones request 顺应某人的请求10. recognizevt. 辨认出，承认，公认eg. sorry, i didnt recognize you when you wore your sunglasses yesterday. recognizeas认出是recognize 指“承认”时的固定用法： recog

34、nize sb. to be承认某人是be recognized as/to be 某人被承认是11. straightadv.直接，挺直；adj.直的，笔直的，正直的eg. please go straight, and turn left at the first corner, then youll see a straight street. be straight with 对坦诚12. enrichvt. 使富裕，充实，改善，使肥沃后接具有抽象含义的一些名词作宾语。13. fluentadj. 流利的，流畅的fluentlyadv. 常常，频繁地14. standardadj. 标

35、准的，模范的（无比较等级） eg. mary speaks standard english. nc. 标准，水平，规格，规范eg. this is a book that is a standard of literary excellence.15. expectvt. 预期，期望，指望，预料adj.expected 预期的，预料的n.expectation 期望，预料expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事16. howeveradv. 可是，但是，然而(转折翻译，一般做插入语，可放句首，句中或句末，常用逗号隔开)（近义词：in spite of this, never

36、theless）conj. 不论怎样，无论以何种方式（相当于 no matter how）引导让步状语从句17. because of 因为，由于，多亏（近义词：thanks to, due to, owing to）后加名词性短语because of 可用于强调句中：it was because of the job that he had taken the flat. because of 后可接 what 从句，但此时 what 从句为宾语从句：she got angry because of what her boyfriend had said.because 是连词，引导原因状语

37、从句18. come up走近（draw near, approach），上来，提出，（植物等）长出地面， 出现，（太阳）升起come on 出场，进展，加油come about 发 生come up to 达到come out 出版，结果是，出来come across/upon 偶遇，偶然发现come to 恢复知觉，共计，达到come by 经过，获得come along 加紧，过来come down 下来，倒下，流传下来，病倒come back 回来，回忆起，恢复19. at present 现在，目前presentn. 目前，礼物adj. 出席的，在场的，现在的，进行的vt. 赠送，提

38、交，上演，介绍for the present 暂时up to/till the present 直到现在be present to 出现在面前live in the present 适应当下形势present sb. with sth./ present sth. to sb. 赠送某人某物there is no time like the present.机不可失，时不再来20. make （good, full/the best/the most, little）use of （好好，充分，未）利用，使用make use of sth. to do sth.使用某物去做某事be of gr

39、eat use= be very useful be of no use 无 用come into use 开始被使用 be in use 在使用be/go out of use 不再使用，废弃put/bringinto use 使得到使用its no use doing sth. 做某事是无用的use sth. to do sth/ for doing sth 用某物来做某事be used to do sth./be used for doing sth. 被用来做某事get/be used to doing sth. 习惯于be used as 被用作21. such as 例如，像这种的

40、（用于列举事物，一般不全部列举。插在被列举事物与前面的名词之间，不与 and so on 连用）for example 例如（用来举例说明，有时可作为插入语放在句中，不影响句子其他部分的语法关系）namely= that is 全部列举出来22. play a part in 扮演一个角色，参与= play a role in23. more than 副词短语当后面加数词时，指“超过”=over当后面加名词、代词或动词时，指“不仅仅，不只是”= not only eg. hibernation is more than sleep. its a deep sleep.not more tha

41、n“不超过”no more than=only“仅仅”24. go to the pictures 去看电影=go to the movies25. at the end of 在之末（做状语、表语及修饰词）当后接时间（一般过去时/一般将来时）（反义词：at the beginning of）；后还可接地点by the end of 在最后之前(常常结合完成时来考察) in the end 最后，最终（at last，finally），不接 of26. than ever before 比以往更（做时间状语）27. communicate with 与交流communicate 也可做为 vt

42、.communicate sth. to sb. communicationn. 交流28. a large number of 绝大部分（后接可数名词的复数，谓语动词用原型）the number of的数量（后接可数名词的复数，但谓语动词要用三单形式） 修饰可数名词复数的词，表示“许多”：(a good/great) many, quite a few, a large/great/small number of修饰不可数名词的词，表示“许多”：much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of既可修饰可数名词复数，又可修饰不可数名词，表示

43、“许多”：a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of29. only time will tell 只有时间才可以证明30. without a second thought 不假思索31. believe it or not ”不论信否” 常作插入语，放在句首32. to this day ”直到现在”，作时间状语二、重点句型1. native english speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of english.even

44、if / even though 是 conj. 引导让步状从2. english became less like german because those who ruled english spoke first danish and later french.those who+ 定语从句as we know, british english is a little different from american english. as 引导的非限定性定语从句3. it is not easy for a chinese person to speak english as it is

45、 +adj. (for sb) to do sth.与 it is +adj. (of sb) to do sth.it 作形式主语，to do sth.作真正的主语当形容词表示人的性格，品质等用 for,其余情况用 of。4. one reason is that english has a large one reason is that + 表语从句5 this is because in the early days of radio those who reported the news this is because + 表语从句in the early days 早期（day 的

46、另外一个意思为“时期”）6. however, on tv and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. the way+(in which/that/省略)+定语从句此处的 that 是关系副词，定语从句中当 that 表示方式，时间或地点时，则 that 可作为关系副词使用。当先行词为 the way 时，关系副词用 in which 或者 that，并且可以省略。7. then along comes this catfish bout the size of a house.then along com

47、es .全倒装full inversion：当地点介词短语提到句首时；当地点副词提到句首时，当方位副词提到句首时；当动词的过去分词作表语或者及其短语，作为形容词提到句首时三、语法：直接引语和间接引语（请求和命令）祈使句（或疑问形式的祈使句）通常改为 ask/tell/order+宾语+不定式的简单句。eg. “open the door.” father said.- father told me to open the door.“would you please pass me the book?” he said.-he asked me to pass him the book.四、交

48、际运用how to solve the difficulties in language communication；1. 请求重复法：i beg your pardon?2. 提出问题法：what do you mean by?3.描述释义法： what about her age?4. 总结法：so you mean? how to describe directions； asking and showing the wayunit3travel journal一【重点词汇】journal: 日记，日志（对于事件、经历等有规律进行的私人记录）diary ；keep a journal 期

49、 刊 eg. the doctor is reading the journal of medical science.辨析：journey, tour, travel, trip, voyage prefer: prefer to do sth， prefer n to n prefer doing to doingprefer to do sth rather than do sth 与其不如= would rather do sth than do sthdisadvantage cshortcomings 反义词:advantage;merit; strong points at a

50、disadvantage 处于不利的地位take advantage of 乘机利用， 利用别人的弱点占便宜have an advantage over 胜过, 优于altitude: at an altitude of海拔在longitude attitude to/towards/to对的态度姿势，姿态 eg.he remained standing in a listening attitude. 他一直在那儿做倾听状。eg. he received the guests with a respectful attitude. 他以恭敬的姿态接待客人。用 in 表式静态，用 with 表

51、动态to ones advantage(=to the advantage sb.) 对.有利cycle n. 循环, 周期; 自行车, 摩托车 vi 骑自行摩托车cycle to work / schoolwalk to work / schoolrecycle vt /vi. 回收利用; 再循环recyclable adj 可循环再用的non-recyclable adj 不可循环再用的persuade sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing

52、 sth advise sb to dograduate from 从毕业（短暂性动词）after graduation 毕业后 a graduate student 研究生 undergraduate student ;大学本科生care about 表示在乎，常用于否定句；care for 表示关心，喜爱，常用于肯定句。take care of 照顾take care 小心，保重determine to do sth / determine on,upon sth 决定某事be determined(a.坚定的，坚决的) to do sth 决心做某事 a determined look反

53、 义 词 ：hesitate persuade v. 说服；劝服persuade sb. 说服某人persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事persuade sb. not to do sth. 说服某人不要做某事i persuade him to keep away from the net bar. make up ones mind 下决心make up编造；讲和；化装, 打扮；组成, 构成make it及时赶到, 办成功; 达到目的;make room for 为. 让地方make out辨认出，理解 make money 挣钱make sense 讲得通，言之有理

54、make a living 谋生；维持生活make a mistake / mistakes 弄错；犯错误make fun of 取笑 make ones way 前进；行进make sure 查明；弄确实；务使；确信12. give in 屈服，让步give away 赠送; 赠予; 颁发;分发；泄露, 出卖give back 归还；送回give out 分发；耗尽， 用完give up 放弃give off 发出; 放出; 散发出; 放射出二 【重点句型】choose a place you want to visit.(p17. 2. l1) choose-chose-chosenmak

55、e a choice 作出选择choose form 从中选择（which/that）you want to visit 定语从句ever since middle school, my sister wangwei and i have dreamed about taking a great bike trip.(p18 l1)ever since 自从以来，常与完成时连用。dream about / of /that梦 想 做 某 事dream about / of there being梦想有 take a bike trip 单车旅行it was my sister who firs

56、t had the idea to cycle along the entire mekong river from where it begins to where it ends.(p18l13)it is /was that /who .(强调句型)eg. (2007 重庆，27) it is not who is right but what is rightis of importance.a. whichb. itc. thatd. this she can be really stubborn.(p18l16)can 有可能会，表客观的可能性。although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly.(p18l17)although 不能与