高考英语必备—高中人教版英语必修五单词变形知识点

1、人教版英语必修五知识点Unit1一、单词词性1science n科学；技术scientist n科学家scientific adj.科学的2conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出conclusion n结论；结束3challenge n挑战 vt.向挑战challenging adj.挑战性的4pollute vt.污染；弄脏pollution n污染5announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告6instruct vt.命令；指示；教导instruction n命令；传授instructions n用法说明书；操作指南7construct vt.建设；修建

2、construction n建设；建筑物8contribute vt.&vi.捐献；贡献；捐助contribution n贡献9enthusiasm n热心；热情；热忱enthusiastic adj.热情的；热心的enthusiastically adv.热情地10caution n小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的11expose vt.暴露；揭露；使曝光exposion n暴露12suspect vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者；嫌疑犯suspicion n怀疑suspicious adj.有疑心的13announce vt.宣布；通告announcement n通知；宣告14re

3、ject vt.拒绝；不接受；抛弃rejection n拒绝；抛弃2、 短语句型1 put forward 提出2draw a conclusion 得出结论in conclusion 最后，总之3expose.to 使显露；暴露be exposed to 暴露于4link.to. 连接到 be linked to 和连在一起5apart from 除之外；此外6 make sense 讲得通；有意义7look into 调查；研究8at times 有时9be against 反对10(be) strict with 对严格的11sb be to blame for (doing) sth

4、某人因(做)某事应该受到谴责 blame sb for(doing)sth因(做)某事而指责某人 blame sth on sb 将某事归咎于某人12with certainty 肯定地13.only if 意为“只有”，用倒装句14.attend a meeting 参加/出席会议15.cure sb of sth. 治愈；矫正，改正(不良习惯等)16.be absorbed by被吞并；为所吸收 be/get absorbed in全神贯注于；一心从事；热衷于17.suspectsb./sth.怀疑某人或某事 suspect sb.of doing sth.怀疑某人做某事18.contri

5、bute to 为作出贡献；有助于19.be cautious about sth.小心；提防20.with sth, doing随着 With prices going up 由于物价上涨with/to do/done有事情做With a lot of work to do21.every time=whenever 每次，每当22.I suggested that sb（should）do sth.我建议某人做某事23.（1）have/get sth.done使某事被 have my bike repaired使我的车被修理/找人修理我的车 （2）have sb.doing.使某人一直做U

6、nit2一、单词词性1unite vi.&vt.联合；团结united adj.团结的；联合的union n联合；联盟；结合；协会2consist vi.组成；在于；一致consistent adj.一致的3willing adj.乐意的；自愿的unwilling adj.不愿意(的)；不乐意(的)4convenient adj.方便的convenience n便利；方便5rough adj.粗糙的；粗暴的roughly adv.粗糙地；粗略地6attract vt.吸引；引起注意attraction n吸引；吸引力attractive adj.有吸引力的7collect v收集；聚集coll

7、ection n收藏品；珍藏；收集8enjoy vt.享受；喜欢enjoyable adj.令人愉快的；使人高兴的9describe vt.描述；形容；描绘description n描写；描述10furnished adj.配备好装备的；带家具的furnish vt.用家具布置furniture n家具11possible adj.可能的；合理的impossible adj.不可能的possibility n可能(性)12arrange vt.筹备；安排；整理arrangement n布置；整理13delight n快乐；高兴；喜悦 vt.使高兴；使欣喜delighted adj.高兴的；快乐

8、的delightful adj.令人高兴的14fold vt.折叠；对折unfold vt.(反义词)15thrill vt.使激动；使胆战心惊thrilling adj.令人激动的二、短语句型1consist of由组成 consist in 存在于，在于2o 把分成3break away (from) 摆脱(束缚)；脱离4to ones credit 为带来荣誉；值得赞扬；在名下5 leave out 省去；遗漏；不考虑6take the place of take ones place 代替7break away (from)挣脱(束缚)，脱离，逃脱8.break d

9、own (机器)损坏；破坏8make a list of 把列出清单9on special occasions 在特殊场合10feel proud of 对感到骄傲11.in memory of为了纪念12.It is a pity that.“令人遗憾的是”13.at ones convenience在某人方便时 for convenience为了方便起见14.accomplish vt.完成(任务)；达到(目的)；实现(计划、诺言等) accomplish nothing一事无成15.attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力16.roughly speaking大体上

10、说17.give a description of形容；描述 beyond description无法形容；难以描述18. (1)There is a possibility for sb to do sth 某人有可能做某事 (2)There is a possibility ofn./doing某事(物)有可能/有做某事的可能 =It is possible to do sth.19.arrange to do sth.安排好做某事 arrange for sb.to do sth.安排某人做某事 It is arranged that.根据安排20.be delighted to do

11、sth.做某事感到高兴21.be worthwhile doing/to do 值得做某事22.It is worthwhile to do sth/doing sth做某事是值得的23.be thrilled to do sth.胆战心惊地做某事be thrilled at/with sth.对某事感到兴奋24. 过去分词短语作状语，相当于一个原因状语从句 Worried about the time available由于担心可用的时间不够 Deeply moved by the story，the girl began to cry.被故事深深地感动，那个女孩开始哭泣。25.完全倒装主谓

12、宾宾谓主（倒装句） There followed接着（课文句子）【句法分析】there，here，down，up，away，out，in，off等都是表示地点或方向性的副词，放在句首并且主语是名词时，句子使用完全倒装；如果放在句首而主语是代词，句子用部分倒装；如果不放在句首，句子不使用倒装结构。【例句研读】（1）There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.山顶上有座庙。来源:学+科+网Z+X+X+K（2）The door opened and out rushed the children.门开了，孩子们跑了出去。（3）There stan

13、ds a tree in front of the house.房子前面有一棵树。（4）There lived a great thinker in Greece.希腊曾有一位伟大的思想家。（5）Here comes a bus公交车来了。26.省略句It looked splendid when first built！刚建成的时候，它看起来真是金碧辉煌！【句法分析】具体见必修一长难句句中的when first built是when it was first built的省略形式。状语从句中，如果从句主语和主句的主语一致，同时谓语动词含有系动词be或it is/was结构，可省去该从句的主语

14、和系动词be。Unit3一、单词词性1impress v使留下深刻印象impressive adj.给人深刻印象的impression n印象；感想；印记2constant adj.时常发生的；连续不断的constantly adv.不断地3certain adj.某一；必然的；确信的uncertain adj.不确切的；无把握的certainly adv.当然；行(用于回答)4surround vt.围绕surrounding adj.周围的surroundings n周围的事物；环境5adjust vt.调整；使适应adjustment n调整；调节6press vi.& vt.按；压；逼

15、迫 n按；压；印刷；新闻pressure n压力7optimism n乐观主义optimistic adj.乐观(主义)的pessimistic(反义词)8mud n泥(浆)muddy adj.泥泞的9instant n瞬间；片刻 adj.立即的；立刻的instantly adv.马上10settle v定居；解决settlement n定居；解决11motivate vt.刺激；使有动机；激发的积极性motivated adj.有动机的；有积极性的motivation n动机12representative n代表；典型人物 adj.典型的；有代表性的represent v代表二、短语句型1

16、take up拿起；接受；开始；继续2be back on ones feet (困境后)恢复；完全复原3lose sight of 看不见 lose-lost-lost4sweep up 打扫；横扫；涌向；掠过5slide into (快捷而悄声地)移动；溜进6speed up 加速7as a result 结果8be similar to. 与相似9in all directions 向四面八方10show.around. 带领某人参观11.be/get back on ones feet(困境后)恢复；完全复原；重新振作；东山再起12.as though（if）好像13.remindsb

17、that从句 提醒/使某人想起 remind sb of14.make/leave/give an impression on给留下印象 be impressed by/with为所感动；对有印象15.be surrounded by/with.由围着/包围 surround sth./sb.with/by sth.16.constantly 不断地17. (a) lack of缺乏；不足 for lack of因为缺少18.switch off切断(电流、气体等) switch on打开(开关)；接通(电流等)19. in an instant(instantly)立刻20. be gree

18、dy for渴望得到 be greedy to do sth.渴望做某事21.exhausted形容词作状语 Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.实在累坏了，我溜上床很快就睡着了。 He arrived home，hungry and tired.他回到家里，又饿又累。22. 完全倒装句 Inside was an exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century. 里面展示了31世纪最先进的发明。【句法分析】表地点状语的介词短语谓语主语(名词)副词(now，t

19、hen，there/here，up，down，away，in，out等)谓语(go，come，run，walk，rush，fall等)主语(名词)Therebe(live，stand，lie等表示存在的动词)主语表语连系动词主语(表语可以是：形容词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词)suchbe主语本句为完全倒装句。正常的语序为：An exhibition of the most uptodate inventions of the 31st century was inside.【温馨提示】若主语为人称代词，而不是名词的话，则主谓语序不变。如：There he comes.他来了。【例句研读】(

20、1) There stands a stone bridge across the river.河上有一座石桥。(2) Away went the crowd one by one.人们一个一个地离去了。(3) In the center of the square stands a monument. 广场的中央矗立着一块纪念碑。Unit4一、单词词性1delight n快乐；高兴 vt.使高兴；使愉快delighted adj.快乐的；欣喜的2admire vt.钦佩；羡慕admirable adj.值得赞扬的；令人钦佩的3assist vt.帮助；协助；援助assistant n助手；助

21、理；售货员assistance n帮助；协助4profession n职业；专业professional n专业人员 adj.专业的；职业的5concentrate vi.& vt.集中；聚集concentration n集中6guilt n罪行guilty adj.犯罪的；有罪的；内疚的7technical adj.技术(上)的；技巧方面的technically adv.技术上；工艺上8gift n礼物；天赋gifted adj.有天赋的9accurate adj.精确的；正确的accurately adv.精确地；准确地accuracy n精确度；准确性10approve vt.赞成；认可

22、；批准approval n赞许；赞成，同意disapproval n反对；不同意11appoint vt.任命；委派appointment n任命；约会12photograph n照片 vt.给照相photographer n摄影师photography n摄影13approve vt.赞成；认可；批准approval n认可二、短语句型1concentrate on集中；全神贯注于2depend on 依靠；依赖3accuse.of 因某事而指责/指控某人4so as to (do sth.) 为了(做)5ahead of 在前面6have a (good) nose for. 对有敏感的嗅

23、觉7inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某事8get the wrong end of the stick 完全误解；弄错9look forward to. 盼望10pass.on to. 把传给11last of all 最后12be processed into. 被制成13.be eager for.渴望 be eager to do sth.渴望做某事14. refer to查阅；提到；谈到；打听；涉及15.in case of万一 in any case 无论如何，不管怎样 in no case 决不，在任何情况下都不 in this/that case 假使这/那样的话，

24、既然这/17.demand to do sth.要求做某事demand of sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事18. defendfrom/against.保护不受19. approve of sb.(sb.s)doing sth.同意某人做某事20. be supposed to be/do应当，认为必须21. not onlybut (also) 不但而且 引导并列句时，not only后的句子要用部分倒装，but also后的句子不用倒装； 当not onlybut also 连接主语时，谓语动词遵循“就近一致”的原则。如： Not only do the nurses want

25、 a pay increase, but they also want reduced hours.22.As it was getting late, I decided to book into a hotel.因为时间晚了，我决定住进旅馆。Unit5一、单词词性1injure vt.受伤injury n损伤；伤害2poison n毒药；毒害 vt.毒害；使中毒poisonous adj.有毒的3vary v变化various adj.各种各样的variety n变化；多样(化)；多变(性)4mild adj.轻微的；温和的；温柔的mildly adv.轻微地；温和地5swell vt.&

26、 vi.(使)膨胀；隆起swollen adj.肿胀的6bear vt.忍受；承受bearable adj.可忍受的unbearable adj.难以忍受的；不能容忍的7tight adj.牢的；紧的；紧密的tightly adv.紧地；牢牢地8firm adj.(动作)稳定有力的；坚定的firmly adv.坚固地；稳定地9brave adj.勇敢的bravery n勇敢；勇气bravely adv.勇敢地10treat vt.&vi.治疗；对待；款待 n款待；招待treatment n治疗；疗法；对待11apply vt.& vi.应用；申请applicant n申请人application n申请13bleed vi. & vt.流血bled(过