金鱼的繁殖工作

1、金鱼的繁殖工作Goldfish breed ing work转眼之间又迎来了，新的春天。常人说：“一年之计在于春”。在这个春暖花开的时节，金鱼饲鱼者们又将要忙于金鱼的繁殖工作，孕育出一代又一代新品种，为我国的国粹延续发展做出不可磨灭的贡献。在此，作为一位金鱼爱好者，我向你们的辛勤劳动表示致敬。国粹金鱼得以发展壮大，离不开你们那双，不断创造生命奇迹的手。对于金鱼的繁殖工作，笔者不才，略有心得。还望能与金鱼爱好者们相互交流学习、取 长补短。点滴愚见，望各位读者不吝赐教。Ushered in the twin kli ng of an eye, the new spri ng. Ordinary p

2、eople, said:Yinian zhiji is the spri ng. In the spri ng seas on, goldfish were in tur n feed the fish breed ing goldfish to busy work, and carries out gen erati on after gen erati on of new products, continued developme nt of our coun trys n ati onal esse nee to make an in delible con tributi on. At

3、 this point, as a goldfish lover, I salute your hard work. Guocui Goldfish to develop and grow, you can not be separated pair, and continue to create a miracle of life by the hand.For goldfish breedi ng work, the author Bucai a slight experie nee. We look towork with goldfishenthusiasts exchange to

4、learn from each other. Bit by bit myhumbleopinion, hope you the reader to heari ng.金鱼越冬后的管理Goldfish win ter to the man ageme nt of在冬季育鱼，因冬季气温低，金鱼病不宜复发，得以延缓至春季气温回升，万物苏醒时 节再次复发。所以冬季育鱼，主要已检疫鱼病、治疗鱼病为主。防止来年鱼病复发带来不必 要的麻烦。金鱼经过漫长的冬季育养，待到春季复苏。由于金鱼刚刚越冬，体质方面比较虚弱。此 时刻主要加强金鱼饵料营养，使其尽快回复健康体质。以及加强管理保护水质、水温等，防 止因气候变

5、化影响，给鱼带来疾病。在北方二月天气有“鬼神天”之说。在二月里气候变化喜怒无常，变天跟翻书一般，说 变就变。在此时期里，常因金鱼刚从冬眠中复苏，鱼体体质状态，还未恢复。再加上早春时 节，天气变化无常，许多细菌以及寄生虫活动频繁，金鱼很容易传染季节性疾病。一点预防技巧，与大家一同探讨。1、金鱼刚过冬，不宜过度换水腾挪。使用澄清水过冬的金鱼，可先将水抽出四分之一 陈水更换新水。如是绿水或老绿水过冬饲养，那么从容器底部抽出三分之一或一半的陈水， 换上等量的新水，使水色呈现淡绿色水静养。2、由于刚过冬的金鱼，常出现一些厌食现象。投喂饵料采用少喂多餐制。尽量投喂一 些适口性强、易消化吸收、营养高的食物，

6、以求尽快恢复鱼体体质。3、 对应天气变化，当阳光明媚的晴朗天气，在10点半至14点的时间内，将鱼沐浴在阳光照射下，可以提高金鱼恢复速度以及增强鱼体免疫力。其它时间注意防降温、大风等自然天气的影响。4、春季的气候适宜水中的寄生虫和真菌大量生长繁衍，很容易使金鱼得病。饲养管理上，还要加强疾病预防， 尽量避免金鱼的擦伤掉鳞等外伤，这些外伤会引来病菌以及寄生虫的入侵，可以在水中放入适量的盐或抗生素药物，进行防治以及预防措施。冬季的饲养管理，是检疫、治疗疾病为主。而春季的饲养管理，是预防疾病为主。Sterile fish in the win ter due to low temperature in

7、win ter, goldfish should not be recurrenee of disease was able to slow down to spring air temperatures rise, all things wake seas on relapse. Therefore, edueati on of fish in win ter, mainly fish diseases have bee n quara nti ne, treatme nt, mainly fish diseases. To preve nt the reeurre nee of the c

8、oming year, fish diseases caused unn eeessary troubles.After a long win ter goldfish upbri nging, un til the time of the spri ng revival. Beeause goldfish just win ter,relatively weak physieal aspeets. Goldfish bait thistime mainly to enhance nu triti on and physieal health of their reply as soon as

9、 possible. And to strengthen the management to protect water quality, water temperature and so on, preve nt climate eha nge impacts, to bring the fish disease.February weather in the north, the ghosts days do. In February where climate ehange and moody weather ehanges with the open book in general,

10、saying that as they please. In this period, often just beeause of goldfishhibernation recovery of fishphysieal state, has not yet resumed. Coupled with early spri ng, the weather was ehangeable, many bacteria and parasites are frequent, goldfish can easily seasonal in feetious diseases. 1:00 preve n

11、ti on tech niq ues, together with you to explore.1, goldfish just for the win ter,should not be over-eha nging the water man euvers.Used to clarify the water of goldfish wi nter may be out of the water first quarterChe n Shui replaced with new water. The ease of gree n water or old gree n water for

12、the win ter feedi ng, the n from the bottom of the vessel out of on e-third or half of the Che n Shui-a nd replaced the same amount of fresh water, so that water color ren deri ng light gree n water retreats.2, due to the win ter just goldfish, ofte n some phe nomenon of ano rexia. Fed diets with li

13、ttle more than feed meal system. Try feeding a number of palatability strong, easy to digest absorpti on, nu triti on, foods that are high in order to restore thefish body mass.3, eorresponding to ehanges in the weather, while sunny sunny weather, at 10:30 to 14:00 of time, the fish bathed in sun li

14、ght, you can improve the speed of recovery and enhance fish goldfish immunity. Other time and attention to anti-eool, high winds and other n atural weather.4, the spri ng weather is favorable to water a large nu mber of growth and reprodueti on of parasites and fun gi, it is easy to make goldfish di

15、sease. Feedi ng man ageme nt, but also to stre ngthe n disease preve nti on, try to avoid the scratches out goldfish scales such as trauma, these injuries may lead to the in vasi on ofbacteria and parasites can be placed in the water the right amount of salt oran tibiotics, as well as preve ntive me

16、asures to preve nt and treat .Win ter feed ing and man ageme ntis a quara nti ne treatme nt of ill nesses.The spri ngfeedi ng and man ageme nt is to preve nt ill nesses.水体对金鱼繁殖有哪些影响Body of water which affect the reproduct ion of the goldfish当金鱼完全恢复健康体质后，即可进入繁殖前的准备工作。繁殖时期金鱼的体质、生理 机能等各方面，都已恢复到最佳状态。此时，

17、水温也已经达到繁殖需要。在此水温下，成年 金鱼的性欲旺盛，追尾也比较强烈，是产卵的好时机。对水温、溶氧量、水质等有哪些需求， 在此与大家一同探讨。一、 水温需求。水温的高低对金鱼的产卵以及卵化周期有很大的影响。水温越高卵化时间越短，相反水温越低卵化时间越长。金鱼是一种变温动物，体温可随着外界变化而改变。当水温过高或过低时，无法产卵。即使产下卵来，也无法平安卵化出鱼苗。卵化时，如果水温变化幅度过大，忽高忽低，则会导致已受精卵死亡。金鱼繁殖水温范围为 15C至28C之间。其中，金鱼繁殖卵化最佳水温为18 C至26C之间。一般想要从鱼苗中挑选种苗进行精养，常挑选水温为22C至24C之间卵化的鱼苗进行

18、精养筛选。此水温繁殖的后代正品率高。二、 溶氧量需求。水中的溶氧量的多少对金鱼的繁殖以及卵化有很大的影响。金鱼在繁殖前，相互追逐嬉戏，活力旺盛，导致体力消耗巨大，需要消耗大量的氧气。加上亲鱼交配后，孵化鱼卵也需 要消耗大量的氧气。在金鱼繁殖时期，应加设增氧系统，以求提高水中的氧气含量。除了亲鱼追尾所需以外，水中的溶氧量高，还可提高精子的活力，提高卵子的受精率。同时在卵化期间，氧气含量高，可提供受精卵所需。同时减少因受精卵过度缺乏氧气出现畸形或体质虚 弱的鱼苗的几率。三、 水质需求。金鱼繁殖期间，对于水质要求不高，繁殖时亲鱼置入新水中繁殖。用于繁殖与孵化受精卵的水，是自来水经过晾晒4至5天的新水

19、。新水中含氧量高，可提供鱼卵足够的氧气消耗。 新水中放置水草不宜过多，否则会与鱼卵争氧，导致新水氧气消耗巨大，影响鱼卵正常孵化。 甚至导致鱼卵或鱼苗因缺氧死亡。新水还具有对亲鱼生殖器的刺激效果。如果不想繁殖金鱼，可将成年鱼养在老水中，那样金鱼不会出现追尾。如果想繁殖，则将成年鱼放入新水中，因新水刺激下，激活成年鱼的性器官，常会看到金鱼追尾嬉戏现象。待亲鱼产完卵后，可移入淡绿色水质中，静养恢复体能消耗。受精卵放入新水中卵化。金鱼繁殖期，对水的PH值要求弱碱性的水质。水的PH值应在7.2至7.6之间为宜。水的酸碱度碱性过大或者过酸性水，都会影响到受精卵的正常孵化。 严重时可导致受精卵在未卵化前死亡

20、。一般我们常用于繁殖的水源为自来水。自来水的酸碱度，符合金鱼繁殖标准。 所以无需调整水的PH值。Whenthe goldfish healthy physique full recovery, you can enter the reproductive pre-preparation. Goldfishbreeding period of physical,physiological functions andother areas,have been restoredto top condition.At this point, the watertemperature has reach

21、ed breedingneeds.In this water temperature, the adultgoldfish strong sexual desire,rear-end is relatively strong, is a good time to layeggs. Right water temperature,dissolved oxygen, water, etc. What are the needs inthis study together with you.1, water temperature requireme nts.The high and low wat

22、er temperature, as well as the eggs of the goldfishspawninga cycle of great impact. The higher the temperature the shorter the time the eggs of the con trary, the lower the temperature of the eggs of the Ion ger. Goldfish is a cold-blooded animal, body temperature can be changed with the change in t

23、he outside world. When the water temperature is too high or too low, you can n ot lay eggs. Eve n if the egg to birth, it can not be safely out of the eggs of fish fry. Egg-based, if the water temperature range is too large, fluctuated would result in the death had bee n fertilized egg.Goldfish bree

24、ding water temperature range is between 15 C to 28 C . Amongthem, the eggs of goldfish breeding the best water temperature between 18C to 26 C .Gen erally want to select seeds and seedli ngs from the fish fry for inten siveculture,ofte n select ing the water temperature is betwee n 22C to 24 C eggs

25、of the fishfry for intensive screening. The water temperature is a descendant of genuine high rate of reproduct ion.2, dissolved oxyge n dema nd.The amount of dissolved oxyge n in the water on the eggs of goldfish breedi ng, and have great impact. Goldfish in the breeding ago, chasing each other pla

26、ying and vitality, resulting in tremendous physical exertion need to consume a large amount of oxygen. After mating with brood, hatching eggs also need to consume a large amount of oxyge n. In the goldfish breedi ng period, should be added and aeratio n systems, in order to in crease the oxyge n con

27、tent in the water. I n additi on to the required rear-e nd Broodstock outside the high level of dissolved oxyge n in the water, but also to improve the vitality of sperm, egg fertilizatio n rate in crease. The eggs of the same time period, the oxygen content was high, can provide the necessary eggs.

28、While reduci ng the excessive lack of oxyge n due to a fertilized egg deformity or physical weak ness appears likely to fry.3, water quality requireme nts.Goldfish duri ng the breedi ng seas on for the water much, whe n the pare nt fish breedi ng in the water into a new breed. Reproduct ion and hatc

29、h ing eggs for the water is tap water after drying 4-5 days in fresh water. The new high oxyge n content in water can provide adequate oxyge n con sumpti on of eggs. The new pla nts should not be placed in the water too much, otherwise they will compete with the eggs of oxygen, leading to a huge new

30、 water oxygen consumption, affectingthe normal hatching eggs.Even lead to death of eggs or fish-fry because of hypoxia. New Water also has theeffect of broodstock to stimulate the genitals. If you do not want to breed goldfish can be kept in the old adult fish in water, goldfish do not appear as rea

31、r-e nd collisi on. If you want to breed the adult fish will be placed in a new water,Stimulated by the new water, activationof the sex organs of adult fish and oftenwill see the goldfish, the phe nomenon of rear-e nd play. After lay ing their eggstobe broodstock can be moved to light gree n in water

32、 and resti ng to restore physical exerti on. Fertilized egg into the new water-based.Goldfish breeding period, demandfor water is alkaline PHvalue of water quality. The PH value of water should be between 7.2 to 7.6 is suitable.AlkalinepH of wateris too large or too acidic water will affect the no r

33、mal fertilized egg hatch ing.In severe cases can lead to a fertilized egg without egg, before the death. We are ofte n used in breedi ng in gen eral water is tap water. Tap waters pH, in line with goldfish breedi ng sta ndards. So, no n eed to adjust the PH value of water.鱼巢的制作与注意事项The producti on o

34、f fish n est and Notes金鱼产卵前，先要设计好卵巢供亲鱼产卵以及卵化幼鱼所需。卵巢的材料多样化， 可根据个人养鱼的环境条件，自行选择卵巢。卵巢可采用，水草、草根、纱窗、绒布等透气性强 的材料。下面简述卵巢材料的制作，以及注意事项。一、 水草鱼巢制作使用水草制作卵巢， 首先将水草洗净，并消毒杀菌，防止因水草带有病菌给鱼卵以及亲鱼带来伤害。水草可用低浓度盐水加抗生素药物，浸泡半小时以上，然后用清水冲洗残留药物。水草的选择，应选叶脉柔软。常用于制作卵巢的水草有，狐尾藻(Myriophyllumverticillatum )、金鱼藻(hornwort)、莫丝(Moss)等。制作方法

35、简易。狐尾藻、金鱼藻的 制作，将水草消毒杀菌洗净后，加以整理完善，取其同等长度的水草数十棵，将其根部扎成一捆，绑定在石头或其它硬物上，方便沉入水底，以免鱼巢上浮。然后将扎捆好的水草在水中整理成圆形或近似形态。用莫丝做卵巢可将其绑定在宽大易于沉底硬物上。二、 草根鱼巢制作使用草根制作卵巢，草根做卵巢的方式跟水草有些相似。只是一些处理方法上有些不同。 草根先要经过一系列繁杂的处理工作方可使用。草根的处理：先将草根洗净，然后再反复用开水烫或者用水煮，待到水中没有草根的染色异味后，再用高浓度的高锰酸钾浸泡半小时以上，然后用清水冲洗掉残留药物。做完消毒杀菌后，整理完善，下边的捆绑方式跟水草的捆 绑方式一

36、样，在此不多做重复。三、 绒布卵巢制作使用纱窗或绒布制作卵巢，相对上述两种较为简单。一般将其用高锰酸钾浸泡半小时， 冲洗掉残留药物。然后铺设容器底部，用石头将其压好。放置上浮到水面即可。注意的是，使用水草做卵巢，应注意夜间给以加氧。防止受精卵因水草夜间耗氧，导致 水中溶氧量不足，致使受精卵因缺氧而死亡，或卵化出一些畸形或先天生理不良等鱼苗。Goldfish spaw ning ago, the first desig n is good for broodstock spaw ning, andovarian eggs of juvenilesrequired.Diversificationo

37、f ovarian material may be basedon in dividual fish of the environmen tal con diti ons, choice of ovary. Ovary could be used by aquatic pla nts,roots, scree ns,cloth andother strong breathablematerial.Ovaria n product ion ofmaterials arebrieflydescribedbelow, aswell ascon siderati ons.1, the water gr

38、ass carp n est product ionThe use of plants producing ovaries, first wash plants, and Sterilization, and preve nt pla nts with a virus to the eggs and broodstock harm. Aquatic pla nts can be low-concentrationsaline plus antibiotics,soaking for more than half an hour, thenrinse with water residue of

39、drugs. The choice of pla nts, to be elected soft veins.Pla nts com mon ly used in the product ionof the ovaries have,Myriophyllum(Myriophyllum verticillatum), Ceratophyllum demersum (hornwort), Amos (Moss) and so on. Producti on method is simple. Myriophyllum spicatum, Ceratophyllum demersum product

40、 ion, pla nts Sterilizati on will be clea ned, arran ged and perfect, whichever is the same len gth of the pla nts doze ns of trees, their roots beate n up a bun ch,Binding in stone or other hard objects, the convenience of sink un derwater,soas to avoid fish floati ng n est. And the n strapped bun

41、dle of pla nts in water and organized into a circular or similar shape. By Mireya ovary and can be made binding on the large easy-to-s ink to the bottom on a hard object.2, grass-roots product ion of fish n estMake ovaries using the grass-roots, grass-roots approach with the pla nts doovary is somew

42、hat similar. Are only slightly different in approach. After a series of complex roots must first be used in process ing. Grass-roots treatme nt: first grass-roots washed, and then repeatedly scalded with boiling water or use boiling, un til the time of the water there is no grass-roots after sta ini

43、ng odor, and the n soaked in high concentrationsof potassium permanganate for more than half an hour,then rinse off residue with water drugs. Sterilizationdone after finishingperfectbottom of the bundle with the bundle of grass the same way, in this more and no less duplicati on.Third, ovaria n prod

44、uct ion of flannelThe use of scree nsor cloth produced ovaries, the relative of these tworelatively simple. Gen erally use of potassium perma ngan ate soak for half an hour, wash ing away residues of drugs. Then lay ing bottom of the vessel, with stones of their pressure well. Float to the surface c

45、an be placed.Note that the use of plants do ovary, should pay attentionto give added oxygenat night.Oxygen consumption due to water plants at night to prevent the fertilizedegg, result ing in in sufficie nt dissolved oxyge n in water, result ing in fertilized eggs die due to hypoxia, or the eggs of

46、some physical deformity or congen ital and poor fish fry.金鱼的雄、雌鉴别以及配种比例Goldfish male, female ide ntificati on, as well as the proporti on of breedi ng金鱼的雄、雌鉴别并不难分。雄性金鱼的胸鳍前缘特别的肥厚、粗硬，肉眼就可以看到在胸鳍的第一条鳍条线上以及鳃盖上有交多，乳白色刺状的小白点状物，俗称：“追星”。追星在水温较低的情况下，不会出现。在繁殖季节追星特别明显。雌性金鱼并没有追星。这是识别金鱼雄、雌最为简洁有效的方法之一。或看其生殖孔的形状，来分

47、辨金鱼的雄、雌。雄 性金鱼的生殖孔呈现菱形，而雌性金鱼则是呈现椭圆形。再者看金鱼的体态分辨雄、雌。在繁殖期间，观看金鱼的体态很容易分辨出雄、雌。雄性金鱼的体态均匀，而雌性金鱼，因带 有鱼卵原因，其腹部比较肥胖、鼓胀。珍珠金鱼例外！还可用手触摸的方式鉴别金鱼的雄、雌。在雄性金鱼的的腹部从生殖孔到腹鳍之间，在中间位置有一条硬硬的小梗。触手可摸到。而雌性金鱼没有那条硬梗。也可用挤压金鱼腹部的方式鉴别金鱼的雄、雌。不过这个方法长用于人工繁殖时，检查亲鱼是否达到性成熟，可以用于繁衍后代时的检疫。当在繁殖时期，用手轻轻挤压金鱼的腹 部，雄性金鱼的生殖孔会排出乳白色的精液，而雌性金鱼则会排出数粒鱼卵。如果没

48、有乳白色精液或鱼卵流出，表示金鱼尚未达到成熟期或已经繁衍过，需要过段时间，才能繁衍后代。金鱼鉴别以后，雄，雌金鱼如何配种？ 一般常见的金鱼配种比例为，雄、雌1: 1的比例来配种。也可选用雄、雌鱼2 : 1或3： 1的比例来配种。因为这样可以提高鱼卵的受精率。 如果是人工繁殖，雄、雌比例为3： 2或5： 3等比例配种。Goldfish male, female is not hard to identify. The leading edge of the pectoral fins of male goldfish special hypertrophy, stiff with the n a

49、ked eye can see the first rays in the pectoral fins and gill covers online they paid more than milky white thorn-shaped tilting little white spots, com monly known as: Starchaser . When en gaged in the case of low water temperature, does not appear. Starchaser is particularly evide nt duri ng the breedi ng seas on. Female goldfish did not Starchaser. This is to ide ntify goldfish, male, female, one of the most simple and effective ways.Or to see the shape of gonopore to distinguish goldfish male, female. Mal